共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 390 毫秒
1.
地震波场模拟是叠前逆时偏移方法的核心计算单元,因此,边界条件和存储方案的选择是高精度以及高效率逆时偏移算法不可回避的问题.本文就随机边界条件和吸收边界条件在逆时偏移算法中的应用效果以及相应的四种存储策略展开具体分析,给出了不同存储策略下的计算成本和存储量需求.文中优选随机边界条件和吸收边界条件的有效边界存储方案,引入GPU并行加速技术对SEG起伏地表模型进行测试,详细讨论分析了两种方法的计算效率和计算精度.测试表明,随机边界存储的计算成本要低于有效边界存储的计算成本,而受边界散射的影响,随机边界逆时偏移在浅层伴有噪音干扰.针对具体数据情况,合理地运用GPU加速技术、选择有效的边界条件以及存储方法,是改善逆时偏移成像精度和效率的有效途径. 相似文献
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叠前地震逆时偏移是目前公认地震成像的有效途径.声学介质逆时偏移已经成熟,弹性波逆时偏移研究相对较少,本文研究了各向同性介质弹性波逆时偏移.传统逆时偏移由于存储量的巨大不便于实际应用.本文针对逆时偏移存储量大的缺点,采用随机边界条件,用计算换存储减少了存储量.首先从波动方程出发,推导了各向同性介质弹性波逆时偏移高阶有限差分算子;其次运用随机边界逆时偏移的流程进行逆时偏移;最后采用传统的拉普拉斯滤波的方法消除低频噪音.模型试算表明,采用随机边界得到逆时偏移结果与常规有限差分得到的逆时偏移结果差别较小,证明了该方法的正确性. 相似文献
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采用曲线网格有限差分法描述复杂起伏地形(或不规则波阻抗界面)时,波场正演中可以避免因阶梯近似导致的虚假散射,进而波场逆时偏移可对起伏地表模型进行准确成像.文中以弹性波逆时偏移理论为基础,求解一阶速度-应力方程,推导出了弹性波正向传播和逆时传播的曲线网格差分格式,使用完全匹配吸收边界压制边界反射,采用互相关成像条件,实现了起伏层状介质中的波场逆时偏移.三层起伏、尖灭模型,以及起伏地表条件下的部分盐丘模型结果表明:曲线网格有限差分法逆时偏移法是一种高效、准确的逆时偏移法. 相似文献
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基于双程波动方程的逆时偏移被认为是目前最好的偏移成像技术,更适合于复杂构造成像.然而,大计算量和大存储量使得逆时偏移的计算成本很高而无法用于大数据量的地震成像.本文分析了目前常用的存储策略,并分别在空间和时间上对存储策略进行了研究:空间上,根据有限差分格式,在边界存储策略的基础上通过修改波场逆向传播的边界条件,提出了有效边界存储策略.该策略可在不增加任何计算量的情况下大幅降低逆时偏移对存储量的需求;在时间上,使用checkpointing技术对有效边界存储策略进行了改进,使叠前逆时偏移在增加少量计算量的情况下进一步降低存储量需求.Marmousi模型测试结果表明了有效边界存储策略的有效性和优越性. 相似文献
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针对地下工程领域隧道超前预报地震波波场传播与成像中存在的问题,通过数值模拟,构建二维含低速异常的隧道介质模型,研究隧道弹性波场传播规律和异常体边界成像准确性.首先,利用一阶速度-应力波动方程和高阶交错网格有限差分计算方法,导出隧道超前预报数值模拟的稳定性条件和边界条件,对上述隧道模型进行数值模拟,识别波场特征;其次,利用叠前逆时偏移成像方法,对压制噪音干扰后的波场在互相关成像条件下,对隧道模型中的异常体边界进行逆时偏移成像.研究结果表明：采用高阶交错网格有限差分正演获得异常体边界清晰的反射波和角点产生的散射波;逆时偏移算法获得隧道内异常体准确成像结果,从而大大提高隧道超前预报的分辨率与准确性;靠近掌子面单一震源、多道接收观测系统对异常体成像效果最佳,为隧道内高效数据采集提供理论依据. 相似文献
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最小二乘逆时偏移方法具有复杂地质构造成像精度高、成像振幅准确等优点.但是,当地下存在强散射介质时,最小二乘逆时偏移方法很难透过上覆强散射地质体获得深部构造的高精度成像结果.本文为了提高深部精细构造的成像质量,提出时频域振幅相位联合的最小二乘逆时偏移方法.该方法主要通过构建时频域振幅相位联合目标函数,减弱振幅信息对成像结果的影响,提高深部弱散射地震信号的可成像精度.首先,对地震信号进行时频变换,构建时频域最小二乘偏移目标函数;其次,在目标函数中引入振幅权重因子,调节时频域振幅相位权重;最后,推导时频域振幅相位联合目标函数对模型参数的梯度,并利用L-BFGS局部优化算法对成像结果进行迭代.Marmousi模型和盐丘模型测试结果表明,本文方法能够很好地利用弱散射地震信号的时频域振幅相位信息,实现透过上覆强散射地质体进行深部高精度成像的目标. 相似文献
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逆时偏移作为一种先进的地震偏移成像方法,其成像结果的好坏取决于很多因素,其中成像奈件是关键的一个因素.成像条件一般采用互相关成像条件,它是将源波场沿时间进行正推,接收波场沿时间进行逆推,然后将源波场和接收波场进行互相关,从而得到偏移成像结果.源波场正推和接收波场逆推都是采用同一个波动方程,这里采用波动方程一阶应力-速度形式,数值计算方法采用交错网格有限差分方法.采用振幅补偿拉普拉斯滤波方法压制逆时偏移成像中的低频噪声.采用三次样条插值方法解决逆时偏移成像中的波形不光滑问题.在接收波场逆推过程中,是将地震记录作为边界条件.而在源波场正推过程中,需要给定震源子波作为初值条件.理论上来讲,震源子波为脉冲时是最佳的,但在实际当中难以实现.在源波场正推时,一般采用子波函数.子波函数形式非常多,最常用的是雷克子波.不同主频震源子波产生的源波场频率也不同,从而导致逆时偏移互相关成像效果也不同.那么震源子波主频对逆时偏移成像影响到底有多大呢?为了简便,本文基于不同主频雷克子波,初步分析了相应的逆时偏移成像效果,同时对速度模型存在不同误差时的情形也进行了试验分析.结果 表明:在不同速度误差情况下,震源子波主频越低,成像同相轴连续性越好,散射点聚焦能量越强;震源子波主频越高,虽然分辨率提高,但成像同相轴连续性变差,散射点聚焦能量变弱,同时背景噪声增强.本文研究结果对逆时偏移成像技术在实践中的应用具有一定的参考价值. 相似文献
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在地震资料的处理中,逆时偏移方法可以实现复杂构造高精度成像,但计算量和存储量两大问题影响了该方法的实际应用.逆时偏移算法中的边界处理方式的优化可以大大减少存储量,本文讨论了记录波场边界信息的吸收边界和随机边界这两种方法的计算效率和成像效果,提出了吸收边界中只记录边界范围内未衰减单层波场的方法并通过数值实验验证了其可行性,选择了不同的边界策略应用于模型数据和实际资料的处理.结果表明:记录单层波场边界信息的吸收边界的成像效果同传统存储波场历史的方式几乎无差别,但要额外存储每个时刻的波场边界信息;随机边界不需要额外存储波场信息,但会带来边界漫反射影响和计算区域的增加;记录单层波场边界可以明显减少存储量,并且不影响成像效果. 相似文献
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叠前逆时偏移是当前最为准确的地震成像方法,由于计算量大、存储量大等原因需要合适的实现策略和高效的计算平台.本文以高阶有限差分逆时偏移为基础,重点讨论了在GPU上实现需要解决的显存不足问题和人工边界问题.利用区域分解技术可以在当前GPU上高效地实现任意生产规模的三维逆时偏移成像,不会受到GPU显存规模的制约.常规最佳匹配层边界条件边界区域控制方程与内部区域差异较大,不适于GPU高速运算.本文在GPU上实现近似最佳匹配层(NPML)边界条件,使得高阶有限差分计算不需要分支判断,边界区域辅助波场的存储量也较低,保证了在GPU上进行波场传播的高效性.三维理论数据和实际资料成像结果表明了本文方法的正确性. 相似文献
11.
地震叠前逆时偏移是当前公认的地震成像的有效途径,然而它面临着计算量甚巨,低频成像噪音以及存储量大等问题,因此,业内科研工作者对其研究乐此不疲.借助GPU/CPU协同计算可以有效解决计算量的难点,笔者已在另文中阐述,本文着重探讨成像噪音抑制以及存储问题.文中分析了叠前逆时偏移产生成像噪音的机制,据此提出在叠前地震资料中先对数据进行相位与振幅校正,进而在成像后运用拉普拉斯算子滤波法消除成像噪音,从而有效去除成像所产生的低频噪音;针对存储量,采用随机边界,用计算换存储,并借助GPU实现,节省了GPU与CPU之间的数据通讯,数值实验结果表明,采用随机边界方法的逆时偏移结果与直接存储波场的方法得到的结果差别甚小. 相似文献
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Planning of municipal solid waste management systems under dual uncertainties: a hybrid interval stochastic programming approach 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
G. H. Cheng G. H. Huang Y. P. Li M. F. Cao Y. R. Fan 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2009,23(6):707-720
In this study, a random-boundary-interval linear programming (RBILP) method is developed and applied to the planning of municipal
solid waste (MSW) management under dual uncertainties. In the RBILP model, uncertain inputs presented as interval numbers
can be directly communicated into the optimization process; besides, intervals with uncertain lower and upper bounds can be
handled through introducing the concept of random boundary interval. Consequently, robustness of the optimization process can be enhanced. To handle uncertainties with such complex presentations,
an integrated chance-constrained programming and interval-parameter linear programming approach (ICCP) is proposed. ICCP can
help analyze the reliability of satisfying (or risk of violating) system constraints under uncertainty. The applicability
of the proposed RBILP and ICCP approach is validated through a case study of MSW management. Violations for capacity constraints
are allowed under a range of significant levels. Interval solutions associated with different risk levels of constraint violation
are obtained. They can be used for generating decision alternatives and thus helping waste managers to identify desired policies
under various environmental, economic, and system-reliability constraints. 相似文献
13.
In this study, a Markov Random Field (MRF) approach is used to locate source boundary positions which are difficult to identify
from Bouguer gravity and magnetic maps. As a generalized form of Markov Chains, the MRF approach is an unsupervised statistical
model based algorithm and is applied to the analysis of images, particularly in the detection of visual patterns or textures.
Here, we present a dynamic programming based on the MRF approach for boundary detection of noisy and super-positioned potential
anomalies, which are produced by various geological structures. In the MRF method, gravity and magnetic maps are considered
as two-dimensional (2-D) images with a matrix composed of N1 × N2 pixels. Each pixel value of the matrix is optimized in real time with no a priori processing by using two parameter sets; average steering vector (θ) and quantization level (M). They carry information about the correlation of neighboring pixels and the locality of their connections. We have chosen
MRF as a processing approach for geophysical data since it is an unsupervised, efficient model for image enhancement, border
detection and separation of 2-D potential anomalies. The main benefit of MRF is that an average steering vector and a quantization
level are enough in evaluation of the potential anomaly maps. We have compared the MRF method to noise implemented synthetic
potential field anomalies. After satisfactory results were found, the method has been applied to gravity and magnetic anomaly
maps of Gelibolu Peninsula in Western Turkey. Here, we have observed Anafartalar thrust fault and another parallel fault northwest
of Anafartalar thrust fault. We have modeled a geological structure including a lateral fault, which results in a higher susceptibility
and anomaly amplitude increment. We have shown that the MRF method is effective to detect the broad-scale geological structures
in the Gelibolu Peninsula, and thus to delineate the complex tectonic structure of Gelibolu Peninsula. 相似文献
14.
相较于单程波偏移算法而言,逆时偏移成像方法以其物理基础为依托优势,几十年来一直备受国内外地球物理学家的青睐.目前的逆时偏移(RTM)若直接采用双程波动方程进行延拓,尽管可以回避上下行波的分离处理,然就已有算法而言,其计算量和I/O(输入/输出)量却是最大的.针对此问题,本文在分析现行逆时偏移的多种算法基础上,提出利用CPU/GPU(中央处理器/图形处理器)作为数值计算核心,建立随机边界模型,从而克服存储I/O难题和提高计算效率.在实际的数据测试中,本文的方法可以大幅度的提高计算效率和减少存储单元,从而促使其高效地应用于生产实际. 相似文献
15.
本文从工程应用的观点，将强地面运动幅值谱?Ａ（ｆ）│表示为强度受到调制的随机过程即│Ａ（ｆ）│＝│Ａ（ｆ）│〔１＋ｎ（ｆ）〕其中，│Ａ（ｆ）│为随频率变化的确定性函数亦是│Ａ（ｆ）│的均值，ｎ（ｆ）为均值为零的随机过程。在随机过程ｎ（ｆ）为各态历经的假定下，研究了ｎ（ｆ）的功率谱密度函数的特征及其衰减形式。根据地震学的有关理论，提出了用四个参数控制幅值谱的均值随频率变化的函数形式并对拟合这些参数的 相似文献
16.
17.
Alberto Bellin Yoram Rubin 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1996,10(4):253-278
This paper describes a new method for generating spatially-correlated random fields. Such fields are often encountered in hydrology and hydrogeology and in the earth sciences. The method is based on two observations: (i) spatially distributed attributes usually display a stationary correlation structure, and (ii) the screening effect of measurements leads to the sufficiency of a small search neighborhood when it comes to projecting measurements and data in space. The algorithm which was developed based on these principles is called HYDRO_GEN, and its features and properties are discussed in depth. HYDRO_GEN is found to be accurate and extremely fast. It is also versatile: it can simulate fields of different nature, starting from weakly stationary fields with a prescribed covariance and ending with fractal fields. The simulated fields can display statistical isotropy or anisotropy. 相似文献
18.
Sanjeev Kumar Chandra Shekhar Prasad Ojha Nand Kumar Tiwari Subodh Ranjan 《国际泥沙研究》2023,38(4):615-627
A vortex tube silt ejector is a curative hydraulic structure used to remove sediment deposits from canals and is recognized as one of the most efficient substitutes for physically removing canal sediment. The spatially varied flow in the channel and the rotational flow behavior in the tube make the silt removal process complex. It is even harder to accurately predict the silt removal efficiency by traditional models accurately. However, artificial intelligence(AI) and machine learning approaches... 相似文献
19.
P. C. Lichtner D. M. Tartakovsky 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2003,17(6):419-429
A probability density function (pdf) formulation is applied to a heterogeneous chemical reaction involving an aqueous solution reacting with a solid phase in a batch. This system is described by a stochastic differential equation with multiplicative noise. Both linear and nonlinear kinetic rate laws are considered. An effective rate constant for the mean field approximation describing the change in mean concentration with time is derived. The effective rate constant decreases with increasing time eventually approaching zero as the system approaches equilibrium. This behavior suggests that a possible explanation for the observed discrepancy between laboratory measured rate constants on uniform grain sizes and field measurements may in part be caused by the heterogeneous distribution of grain sizes in natural systems.
This work was supported in part by the US Department of Energy under the DOE/BES Program in the Applied Mathematical Sciences, Contract KC-07-01-01, and the Environmental Management Science Program, Office of Biological and Environmental Research. This work made use of shared facilities supported by SAHRA (Sustainability of Semi-Arid Hydrology and Riparian Areas) under the STC Program of the National Science Foundation under agreement EAR-9876800. Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by the University of California for the US Department of Energy under contact W-7405-ENG-36. 相似文献