共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 593 毫秒
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Jaume Sanz J. Miguel Juan Adrià Rovira-Garcia Guillermo González-Casado 《GPS Solutions》2017,21(4):1549-1561
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Two-step method for the determination of the differential code biases of COMPASS satellites 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5
The differential code bias (DCB) in satellites of the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) should be precisely corrected when designing certain applications, such as ionospheric remote sensing, precise point positioning, and time transfer. In the case of COMPASS system, the data used for estimating DCB are currently only available from a very limited number of global monitoring stations. However, the current GPS/GLONASS satellite DCB estimation methods generally require a large amount of geographically well-distributed data for modeling the global ionospheric vertical total electron content (TEC) and are not particularly suitable for current COMPASS use. Moreover, some satellites with unstable DCB (i.e., relatively large scatter) may affect other satellite DCB estimates through the zero-mean reference that is currently imposed on all satellites. In order to overcome the inadequacy of data sources and to reduce the impact of unstable DCB, a new approach, designated IGGDCB, is developed for COMPASS satellite DCB determination. IGG stands for the Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, which is located in Wuhan, China. In IGGDCB, the ionospheric vertical TEC of each individual station is independently modeled by a generalized triangular series function, and the satellite DCB reference is selected using an iterative DCB elimination process. By comparing GPS satellite DCB estimates calculated by the IGGDCB approach based on only a handful (e.g., seven) of tracking stations against that calculated by the currently existing methods based on hundreds of tracking stations, we are able to demonstrate that the accuracies of the IGGDCB-based DCB estimates perform at the level of about 0.13 and 0.10?ns during periods of high (2001) and low (2009) solar activity, respectively. The iterative method for DCB reference selection is verified by statistical tests that take into account the day-to-day scatter and the duration that the satellites have spent in orbit. The results show that the impact of satellites with unstable DCB can be considerably reduced using the IGGDCB method. It is also confirmed that IGGDCB is not only specifically valid for COMPASS but also for all other GNSS. 相似文献
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GPS/GLONASS卫星钟差联合估计过程中，由于GLONASS系统采用频分多址技术区分卫星信号，因而会产生频率间偏差（IFB）[1]。本文在GPS/GLONASS卫星定轨过程中的IFB参数特性分析的基础上，引入IFB参数，实现顾及频率间偏差的GPS/GLONASS卫星钟差实时估计。同时，为解决实时估计中待估参数过多导致的实时性较弱等问题，基于非差伪距观测值和历元间差分相位观测值改进实时估计数学模型，实现多系统卫星钟差的联合快速估计。结果表明：GPS/GLONASS联合估计时需引入IFB参数并优化其估计策略，采用MGEX和iGMAS跟踪站的实测数据进行实时钟差解算，快速估计方法可实现1.6 s逐历元快速、高精度估计，与GBM提供的最终精密卫星钟差相比，GPS卫星钟差实时精度约为0.210 ns，GLONASS卫星约为0.298 ns。 相似文献
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在进行GPS/GLONASS联合卫星钟差估计时,GLONASS码频间偏差（inter-frequency bias,IFB）因卫星频率间的差异而无法被测站接收机钟差参数吸收,其一部分将进入GLONASS卫星钟差估值中。通过引入多个"时频偏差"参数（inter-system and inter-frequency bias,ISFB）及附加基准约束对测站GLONASS码IFB进行函数模型补偿,实现其与待估卫星钟差参数的有效分离,并对所估计实时卫星钟差和实时精度单点定位（real-time precise point positioning,RT-PPP）进行精度评估。结果表明,在卫星钟差估计观测方程中忽略码IFB,会明显降低GLONASS卫星钟差估值精度;新方法能有效避免码IFB对卫星钟差估值的影响,所获得GPS、GLONASS卫星钟差与ESA（European Space Agency）事后精密钟差产品偏差平均均方根值分别小于0.2 ns、0.3 ns。利用实时估计卫星钟差进行静态RT-PPP,当观测时段长为2 h时,GPS单系统、GPS/GLONASS组合系统的3D定位精度优于10 cm,GLONASS单系统3D定位精度约为15 cm;三种模式24 h单天解的3D定位精度均优于5 cm。 相似文献
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多全球导航卫星系统（Global Navigation Satellite System,GNSS）系统联合精密定轨需要考虑系统间及频率间偏差的影响。推导了多GNSS定轨系统间偏差（inter system bias,ISB）/频率间偏差（inter frequency bias,IFB）解算模型,以GPS系统硬件延迟为基准,给出了一种消除ISB/IFB秩亏的约束方法。试验数据结果表明,各系统ISB/IFB均表现出良好的稳定性及同一系统各卫星时间序列的一致性,BDS ISB的标准差为0.36 ns,Galileo ISB的标准差为0.18 ns,GLONASS IFB的标准差为0.51 ns;在接收机类型相同的情况下,不同跟踪站的ISB比较接近,但仍可达到ns级差异;GLONASS IFB在同一跟踪站相同频道号的卫星及不同跟踪站相同频道号卫星均表现出了良好的一致性。 相似文献
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Calibration errors on experimental slant total electron content (TEC) determined with GPS 总被引：12，自引：6，他引：12
The Global Positioning System (GPS) has become a powerful tool for ionospheric studies. In addition, ionospheric corrections
are necessary for the augmentation systems required for Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) use. Dual-frequency carrier-phase
and code-delay GPS observations are combined to obtain ionospheric observables related to the slant total electron content
(sTEC) along the satellite-receiver line-of-sight (LoS). This observable is affected by inter-frequency biases [IFB; often
called differential code biases (DCB)] due to the transmitting and the receiving hardware. These biases must be estimated
and eliminated from the data in order to calibrate the experimental sTEC obtained from GPS observations. Based on the analysis
of single differences of the ionospheric observations obtained from pairs of co-located dual-frequency GPS receivers, this
research addresses two major issues: (1) assessing the errors translated from the code-delay to the carrier-phase ionospheric
observable by the so-called levelling process, applied to reduce carrier-phase ambiguities from the data; and (2) assessing
the short-term stability of receiver IFB. The conclusions achieved are: (1) the levelled carrier-phase ionospheric observable
is affected by a systematic error, produced by code-delay multi-path through the levelling procedure; and (2) receiver IFB
may experience significant changes during 1 day. The magnitude of both effects depends on the receiver/antenna configuration.
Levelling errors found in this research vary from 1.4 total electron content units (TECU) to 5.3 TECU. In addition, intra-day
vaiations of code-delay receiver IFB ranging from 1.4 to 8.8 TECU were detected. 相似文献
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Calculation and accuracy evaluation of TGD from IFB for BDS 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
With the development of new global navigation satellite system applications, the demand of high accurate positioning navigation timing (PNT) service becomes urgent. For precise PNT, the timing group delay (TGD) is regarded as an important parameter in the satellite navigation message. Instead of using the absolute receiver hardware delay, a method based on receiver inter-frequency bias (IFB, i.e., differential receiver hardware delay between different frequencies) calibration is presented to deal with the rank deficiency of a calculation matrix and to reduce jumps in TGD solutions in BDS. The double-differenced pseudorange obtained from a pair of zero baseline receivers is used to evaluate the IFB calibration accuracy. The estimated precision of TGD is evaluated and compared with GPS TGD provided by IGS. In order to ensure the quality of assessment, a method based on the difference of dual-frequency ionospheric delay is proposed to compare the accuracy of the estimated TGD and broadcast TGD. Finally, the effect of TGD on the user equivalent range error is analyzed. The analysis result shows that for BDS IGSO satellites, the precision of TGD1, which is the differential hardware delay between B1 (1561.098 MHz) and B3 (1268.52 MHz) frequencies, is better than 0.5 ns, and for GEO and MEO satellites the TGD1 is better than 1 and 2 ns, respectively. The precision of TGD2 of all satellites, which is the differential hardware delay between B2 (1207.14 MHz) and B3 frequencies, is better than 0.5 ns. The accuracy analysis result reveals that the proposed TGD estimation method can provide better results when compared with the broadcast data. 相似文献
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Teng Liu Yunbin Yuan Baocheng Zhang Ningbo Wang Bingfeng Tan Yongchang Chen 《Journal of Geodesy》2017,91(3):253-268
A joint-processing model for multi-GNSS (GPS, GLONASS, BDS and GALILEO) precise point positioning (PPP) is proposed, in which raw code and phase observations are used. In the proposed model, inter-system biases (ISBs) and GLONASS code inter-frequency biases (IFBs) are carefully considered, among which GLONASS code IFBs are modeled as a linear function of frequency numbers. To get the full rank function model, the unknowns are re-parameterized and the estimable slant ionospheric delays and ISBs/IFBs are derived and estimated simultaneously. One month of data in April, 2015 from 32 stations of the International GNSS Service (IGS) Multi-GNSS Experiment (MGEX) tracking network have been used to validate the proposed model. Preliminary results show that RMS values of the positioning errors (with respect to external double-difference solutions) for static/kinematic solutions (four systems) are 6.2 mm/2.1 cm (north), 6.0 mm/2.2 cm (east) and 9.3 mm/4.9 cm (up). One-day stabilities of the estimated ISBs described by STD values are 0.36 and 0.38 ns, for GLONASS and BDS, respectively. Significant ISB jumps are identified between adjacent days for all stations, which are caused by the different satellite clock datums in different days and for different systems. Unlike ISBs, the estimated GLONASS code IFBs are quite stable for all stations, with an average STD of 0.04 ns over a month. Single-difference experiment of short baseline shows that PPP ionospheric delays are more precise than traditional leveling ionospheric delays. 相似文献
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对基于历元间差分相位和非差伪距观测值的混合差分卫星钟差估计方法进行了改进,实现了多模全球导航卫星系统（Global Navigation Satellite System,GNSS）卫星钟差联合快速估计。选择了全球分布的50个跟踪站进行实验,对卫星钟差精度进行了分析和精密单点定位（Precise Point Positioning,PPP）验证。结果表明:多模卫星钟差与武汉大学提供的最终精密卫星钟差互差优于0.2 ns,精密单点定位结果与武汉大学发布的最终精密卫星轨道和钟差产品的定位精度相当。 相似文献
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GLONASS phase bias estimation and its PPP ambiguity resolution using homogeneous receivers 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Integer ambiguity resolution (IAR) appreciably improves the position accuracy and shortens the convergence time of precise point positioning (PPP). However, while many studies are limited to GPS, there is a need to investigate the performance of GLONASS PPP ambiguity resolution. Unfortunately, because of the frequency-division multiple-access strategy of GLONASS, GLONASS PPP IAR faces two obstacles. First, simultaneously observed satellites operate at different wavelengths. Second and most importantly, distinct inter-frequency bias (IFB) exists between different satellites. For the former, we adopt an undifferenced method for uncalibrated phase delay (UPD) estimation and proposed an undifferenced PPP IAR strategy. We select a set of homogeneous receivers with identical receiver IFB to perform UPD estimation and PPP IAR. The code and carrier phase IFBs can be absorbed by satellite wide-lane and narrow-lane UPDs, respectively, which is in turn consistent with PPP IAR using the same type of receivers. In order to verify the method, we used 50 stations to generate satellite UPDs and another 12 stations selected as users to perform PPP IAR. We found that the GLONASS satellite UPDs are stable in time and space and can be estimated with high accuracy and reliability. After applying UPD correction, 91 % of wide-lane ambiguities and 99 % of narrow-lane ambiguities are within (?0.15, +0.15) cycles of the nearest integer. After ambiguity resolution, the 2-hour static PPP accuracy improves from (0.66, 1.42, 1.55) cm to (0.38, 0.39, 1.39) cm for the north, east, and up components, respectively. 相似文献
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A technique for obtaining clock measurements from individual GNSS satellites at short time intervals is presented. The methodology developed in this study allows for accurate satellite clock stability analysis without an ultra-stable clock at the ground receiver. Variations in the carrier phase caused by the satellite clock are isolated using a combination of common GNSS carrier-phase processing techniques. Furthermore, the white phase variations caused by the thermal noise of the collection and processing equipment are statistically modeled and removed, allowing for analysis of clock performance at subsecond intervals. Allan deviation analyses of signals collected from GPS and GLONASS satellites reveal distinct intervals of clock noise for timescales less than 100 s. The clock data collected from GPS Block IIA, IIR, IIR-M, and GLONASS satellites reveal similar stability performance at time periods greater than 20 s. The GLONASS clock stability in the 0.6–10 s range, however, is significantly worse than GPS. Applications that rely on ultra-stable clock behavior from the GLONASS satellites at these timescales may therefore require high-rate corrections to estimate and remove oscillator-based errors in the carrier phase. 相似文献
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Determining receiver biases in GPS-derived total electron content in the auroral oval and polar cap region using ionosonde measurements 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
David R. Themens P. T. Jayachandran R. B. Langley J. W. MacDougall M. J. Nicolls 《GPS Solutions》2013,17(3):357-369
Global Positioning System (GPS) total electron content (TEC) measurements, although highly precise, are often rendered inaccurate due to satellite and receiver differential code biases (DCBs). Calculated satellite DCB values are now available from a variety of sources, but receiver DCBs generally remain an undertaking of receiver operators and processing centers. A procedure for removing these receiver DCBs from GPS-derived ionospheric TEC at high latitudes, using Canadian Advanced Digital Ionosonde (CADI) measurements, is presented. Here, we will test the applicability of common numerical methods for estimating receiver DCBs in high-latitude regions and compare our CADI-calibrated GPS vertical TEC (vTEC) measurements to corresponding International GNSS Service IONEX-interpolated vTEC map data. We demonstrate that the bias values determined using the CADI method are largely independent of the topside model (exponential, Epstein, and α-Chapman) used. We further confirm our results via comparing bias-calibrated GPS vTEC with those derived from incoherent scatter radar (ISR) measurements. These CADI method results are found to be within 1.0 TEC units (TECU) of ISR measurements. The numerical methods tested demonstrate agreement varying from within 1.6 TECU to in excess of 6.0 TECU when compared to ISR measurements. 相似文献
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M_DCB: Matlab code for estimating GNSS satellite and receiver differential code biases 总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2
Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) have been widely used to monitor variations in the earth’s ionosphere by estimating total electron content (TEC) using dual-frequency observations. Differential code biases (DCBs) are one of the important error sources in estimating precise TEC from GNSS data. The International GNSS Service (IGS) Analysis Centers have routinely provided DCB estimates for GNSS satellites and IGS ground receivers, but the DCBs for regional and local network receivers are not provided. Furthermore, the DCB values of GNSS satellites or receivers are assumed to be constant over 1?day or 1?month, which is not always the case. We describe Matlab code to estimate GNSS satellite and receiver DCBs for time intervals from hours to days; the software is called M_DCB. The DCBs of GNSS satellites and ground receivers are tested and evaluated using data from the IGS GNSS network. The estimates from M_DCB show good agreement with the IGS Analysis Centers with a mean difference of less than 0.7?ns and an RMS of less than 0.4?ns, even for a single station DCB estimate. 相似文献
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Due to the different signal frequencies for the GLONASS satellites, the commonly-used double-differencing procedure for carrier phase data processing can not be implemented in its straightforward form, as in the case of GPS. In this paper a novel data processing strategy, involving a three-step procedure, for integrated GPS/GLONASS positioning is proposed. The first is pseudo-range-based positioning, that uses double-differenced (DD) GPS pseudo-range and single-differenced (SD) GLONASS pseudo-range measurements to derive the initial position and receiver clock bias. The second is forming DD measurements (expressed in cycles) in order to estimate the ambiguities, by using the receiver clock bias estimated in the above step. The third is to form DD measurements (expressed in metric units) with the unknown SD integer ambiguity for the GLONASS reference satellite as the only parameter (which is constant before a cycle slip occurs for this satellite). A real-time stochastic model estimated by residual series over previous epochs is proposed for integrated GPS/GLONASS carrier phase and pseudo-range data processing. Other associated issues, such as cycle slip detection, validation criteria and adaptive procedure(s) for ambiguity resolution, is also discussed. The performance of this data processing strategy will be demonstrated through case study examples of rapid static positioning and kinematic positioning. From four experiments carried out to date, the results indicate that rapid static positioning requires 1 minute of single frequency GPS/GLONASS data for 100% positioning success rate. The single epoch positioning solution for kinematic positioning can achieve 94.6% success rate over short baselines (<6 km). 相似文献
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Estimation and analysis of Galileo differential code biases 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Min Li Yunbin Yuan Ningbo Wang Zishen Li Ying Li Xingliang Huo 《Journal of Geodesy》2017,91(3):279-293
When sensing the Earth’s ionosphere using dual-frequency pseudorange observations of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), the satellite and receiver differential code biases (DCBs) account for one of the main sources of error. For the Galileo system, limited knowledge is available about the determination and characteristic analysis of the satellite and receiver DCBs. To better understand the characteristics of satellite and receiver DCBs of Galileo, the IGGDCB (IGG, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Wuhan, China) method is extended to estimate the satellite and receiver DCBs of Galileo, with the combined use of GPS and Galileo observations. The experimental data were collected from the Multi-GNSS Experiment network, covering the period of 2013–2015. The stability of both Galileo satellite and receiver DCBs over a time period of 36 months was thereby analyzed for the current state of the Galileo system. Good agreement of Galileo satellite DCBs is found between the IGGDCB-based DCB estimates and those from the German Aerospace Center (DLR), at the level of 0.22 ns. Moreover, high-level stability of the Galileo satellite DCB estimates is obtained over the selected time span (less than 0.25 ns in terms of standard deviation) by both IGGDCB and DLR algorithms. The Galileo receiver DCB estimates are also relatively stable for the case in which the receiver hardware device stays unchanged. It can also be concluded that the receiver DCB estimates are rather sensitive to the change of the firmware version and that the receiver antenna type has no great impact on receiver DCBs. 相似文献
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DAI LiwenHAN ShaoweiChris Rizos 《地球空间信息科学学报》2001,4(4):9-18
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在全球定位系统(Global Positioning System，GPS)中，接收机硬件延迟引起的码偏差和相位偏差是影响精密授时、电离层建模以及非差模糊度解算的重要因素。利用GPS对电离层总电子含量进行估计和建模时，通常假定GPS接收机硬件延迟偏差是稳定不变的量，对其可能存在的波动及影响因素考虑不充分。因此，对GPS接收机硬件延迟偏差的时变特性进行分析，有助于提高电离层电子含量估值的准确性和可靠性。分析了GPS接收机差分码偏差(differential code bias，DCB)和差分相位偏差(differential phase bias，DPB)单历元及单天解的时间变化特性，并对温度变化与接收机DCB、DPB变化之间的相关性进行了实验探究。结果表明，接收机重启前后其DCB值会发生突变，重启之后接收机DCB和DPB大约需要25 min才能趋于稳定。接收机DCB和DPB并不能长期保持稳定，实验数据显示，在2~3 h内，DCB的变化量可以达到0.8 m左右，DPB的变化量可以达到4 mm左右，接收机DCB和DPB的波动与周围环境温度的变化具有较强相关性。 相似文献
20.
Homogeneous reprocessing of GPS,GLONASS and SLR observations 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
Mathias Fritsche Krzysztof Sośnica Carlos Javier Rodríguez-Solano Peter Steigenberger Kan Wang Reinhard Dietrich Rolf Dach Urs Hugentobler Markus Rothacher 《Journal of Geodesy》2014,88(7):625-642
The International GNSS Service (IGS) provides operational products for the GPS and GLONASS constellation. Homogeneously processed time series of parameters from the IGS are only available for GPS. Reprocessed GLONASS series are provided only by individual Analysis Centers (i. e. CODE and ESA), making it difficult to fully include the GLONASS system into a rigorous GNSS analysis. In view of the increasing number of active GLONASS satellites and a steadily growing number of GPS+GLONASS-tracking stations available over the past few years, Technische Universität Dresden, Technische Universität München, Universität Bern and Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich performed a combined reprocessing of GPS and GLONASS observations. Also, SLR observations to GPS and GLONASS are included in this reprocessing effort. Here, we show only SLR results from a GNSS orbit validation. In total, 18 years of data (1994–2011) have been processed from altogether 340 GNSS and 70 SLR stations. The use of GLONASS observations in addition to GPS has no impact on the estimated linear terrestrial reference frame parameters. However, daily station positions show an RMS reduction of 0.3 mm on average for the height component when additional GLONASS observations can be used for the time series determination. Analyzing satellite orbit overlaps, the rigorous combination of GPS and GLONASS neither improves nor degrades the GPS orbit precision. For GLONASS, however, the quality of the microwave-derived GLONASS orbits improves due to the combination. These findings are confirmed using independent SLR observations for a GNSS orbit validation. In comparison to previous studies, mean SLR biases for satellites GPS-35 and GPS-36 could be reduced in magnitude from \(-35\) and \(-38\) mm to \(-12\) and \(-13\) mm, respectively. Our results show that remaining SLR biases depend on the satellite type and the use of coated or uncoated retro-reflectors. For Earth rotation parameters, the increasing number of GLONASS satellites and tracking stations over the past few years leads to differences between GPS-only and GPS+GLONASS combined solutions which are most pronounced in the pole rate estimates with maximum 0.2 mas/day in magnitude. At the same time, the difference between GLONASS-only and combined solutions decreases. Derived GNSS orbits are used to estimate combined GPS+GLONASS satellite clocks, with first results presented in this paper. Phase observation residuals from a precise point positioning are at the level of 2 mm and particularly reveal poorly modeled yaw maneuver periods. 相似文献