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1.
本文基于渤海南部各测站观测风和浪和资料，分析了本海域波候的区域性特征。大浪的季性变化和地理分布及风流速成长特征等也作了讨论，另外，还指出本海域中大浪区。这些结果可用于制定防灾措施的依据。 相似文献
2.
塘沽近海海域海浪的基本特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文对海洋钻井平台上连续观测６ａ的波浪资料进行了统计，分析，结果表明，本区大浪主要发生在秋季，多年按月统计极值波高１１月最大，为５．３ｍ（东北向）７月最小，为２．８ｍ波浪总特征表现为秋季强，春季次之，夏季最弱的特征，表中所示波浪特征值，在塘沽海域海洋工程建设中具有重要的价值。 相似文献
3.
以CCMP风场驱动目前国际先进的第三代海浪模式WAVEWATCH-Ⅲ,对1988-2009年中国海及周边海域的海浪场进行数值模拟,探索近22年期间该海域的大浪频率与El Nino现象的内在联系。结果表明中国海及周边海域的大浪频率与El Nino有着密切的联系:(1)大浪频率与nino3指数的同期、大浪频率滞后1-4个月与nino3指数表现出显著性负相关,尤其是当大浪频率滞后2个月时,与nino3指数的负相关最强;当大浪频率滞后7-10个月时,大范围海域与nino3指数呈显著性正相关,大浪频率滞后8个月时,与nino3指数的正相关达到最强。(2)无论1988-1997年还是1999-2009年,大浪频率滞后8个月的曲线走势与nino3指数的走势表现出非常好的一致性,相关系数高达0.70、0.73。(3)中国海及周边海域的大浪频率与nino3指数具有共同的5.87-6.29个月、11.00-13.54个月的显著性变化周期;同时还具有共同的3.5-4.7年的年际变化周期,以及7年的长周期变化。(4)中国海及周边海域的大浪频率与nino3指数在20世纪末、21世纪初存在共同的突变期,nino3指数的突变略超前于大浪频率的突变。 相似文献
4.
本文利用ERA5再分析数据和我国北极科学考察期间获取的走航气象观测数据,分析了夏季影响船舶通航北极航道的关键近地面气象要素的时空变化特征。结果表明,7–8月的天气条件最适宜船舶在北极航道航行,9月低温、大风和大浪天气显著增多,对船舶航行影响较大,10月的天气更加恶劣,对船舶航行的挑战更大。低温天气主要出现在各航道的中段,大风和大浪天气集中在航道两端的海域。除北极中心区和10月的挪威海和巴伦支海以外,其余时间的海域出现大风和大浪天气的概率以增加趋势为主,但具有较大的年际变化。根据现有北极航道气象观测数据分析发现,东北航道能见度最差,西北航道能见度最好,中央航道居中。 相似文献
5.
本文根据南麂海洋站１９８３～１９８９年实测风和浪的资料，分析了大风和大浪的关系。结果表明：大浪日、大风日各月出现次数不匀。风浪大浪日及涌浪大浪日出现比率分别占５６％和４４％。各向大浪波高均值变化幅度不大。各向大浪波高极值却有较大差异。风浪Ｈ１／１０波高为１．５～２．０ｍ、当风速为１１～１３ｍ／ｓ时，大浪出现频率最高。本文还给出了波龄较大的风浪大浪波高与大风风速的经验关系。基于不同类型的台风路径，得到了本区从Ｈ１／１０波高为１．５ｍ以上时台风中心的位置。利用此结果可以预报本区大浪出现的时间。 相似文献
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7.
福建厦门湾和东山湾海域柳珊瑚的物种多样性及其分布 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
2005年7月，分别对福建厦门湾和东山湾海域柳珊瑚进行了调查，厦门湾共得到柳珊瑚9种，分别属于4科7属，东山湾共得到柳珊瑚8种；其中中国新记录属两个，冷柳珊瑚属（Iciligorgia）和弱柳珊瑚属（Leptogorgia）．根据柳珊瑚群体颜色及骨针的形态学特征系统地阐述了福建厦门湾和东山湾海域柳珊瑚的系统分类关系．研究表明厦门湾和东山湾柳珊瑚在物种多样性和个体大小方面较为相似，在较强海流的海域柳珊瑚生长较好，资源量也比较丰富．本研究结合国际上最新的柳珊瑚分类系统。对国内原有的分类系统做了修订． 相似文献
8.
利用江苏省南黄海辐射沙洲两翼的实测波浪资料,研究南黄海辐射沙洲地区的波参数分布特征和波谱特性,得出了特征波要数、波谱参数及波要素之间的转换关系式。研究结果表明南黄海辐射沙洲近岸海域的波浪特性受天气、水深和地形因素的多重影响。总体而言,江苏辐射沙洲海域波浪变化范围及其均值差异不大,特别是位于近岸的蛎蚜山测站由于受到水深的制约和沙脊的庇护,该区域波参数、谱参数的变化范围和均值均小于水深相对较深的大丰测站和冷加沙测站。在台风期和寒潮期内,除了波向以外,各个测站的波要素季节性差异均较小。波向在辐射沙洲北翼海域以偏北向为主,在南翼海域则以东南向和西北向为主。大浪过程主要与台风期和寒潮期的极端天气相关。波面特性及其波谱分析表明,波谱参数与水深、离岸距离相关性强。分析发现本海域南翼以单峰谱为主,北翼沿海海域波浪在寒潮期主要为涌浪和风浪组成的混合浪,在波谱形式上表现为双峰谱。 相似文献
9.
根据南沙群岛海域船舶报的表层水温和波浪资料,分析了ElMino事件对该海域上述水文要素的影响。结果表明：（1）在该海域与赤道东太平洋,表层水温变化是同位相,而与赤道西太平洋呈反位相;（2）在ElNino年,南沙群岛海域海况恶劣,大浪频率增加;更以ElNino的次年为甚。文中对产生以上现象的原因作了初步探讨。 相似文献
10.
本文对在海洋钻井平台上连续观测6a的波浪资料进行了统计、分析，结果表明，本区大浪主要发生在秋季，多年按月统计极值波高11月最大，为5．3m（东北向），7月最小，为2．8m；波浪总特征表现为秋季强，春季次之，夏季最弱的特征。表中所示波浪特征值，在塘沽海城海洋工程建设中具有重要的价值． 相似文献
11.
A mathematical model has been developed to analyze the influence of extreme water waves over multiconnected regions in Visakhapatnam Port, India by considering an average water depth in each multiconnected regions. In addition, partial reflection of incident waves on coastal boundary is also considered. The domain of interest is divided mainly into two regions, i.e., open sea region and harbor region namely as Region-I and Region-II, respectively. Further, Region-II is divided into multiple connected regions. The 2-D boundary element method (BEM) including the Chebyshev point discretization is utilized to solve the Helmholtz equation in each region separately to determine the wave amplification. The numerical convergence is performed to obtain the optimum numerical accuracy and the validation of the current numerical approach is also conducted by comparing the simulation results with existing studies. The four key spots based on the moored ship locations in Visakhapatnam Port are identified to perform the numerical simulation. The wave amplification at these locations is estimated for monochromatic incident waves, considering approximate water depth and different reflection coefficients on the wall of port under the resonance conditions. In addition, wave field analysis inside the Visakhapatnam Port is also conducted to understand resonance conditions. The current numerical model provides an efficient tool to analyze the amplification on any realistic ports or harbors.
相似文献12.
Laboratory study of the nonlinear transformation of irregular waves over a mild slope 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This paper considers the nonlinear transformation of irregular waves propagating over a mild slope （1：40）. Two cases of irregular waves, which are mechanically generated based on JONSWAP spectra, are used for this purpose. The results indicate that the wave heights obey the Rayleigh distribution at the offshore location; however, in the shoaling region, the heights of the largest waves are underestimated by the theoretical distributions. In the surf zone, the wave heights can be approximated by the composite Weibull distribution. In addition, the nonlinear phase coupling within the irregular waves is investigated by the wavelet-based bicoherence. The bicoherence spectra reflect that the number of frequency modes participating in the phase coupling increases with the decreasing water depth, as does the degree of phase coupling. After the incipient breaking, even though the degree of phase coupling decreases, a great number of higher harmonic wave modes are also involved in nonlinear interactions. Moreover, the summed bicoherence indicates that the frequency mode related to the strongest local nonlinear interactions shifts to higher harmonics with the decreasing water depth. 相似文献
13.
This paper considers the nonlinear transformation of irregular waves propagating over a mild slope (1?40). Two cases of irregular waves, which are mechanically generated based on JONSWAP spectra, are used for this purpose. The results indicate that the wave heights obey the Rayleigh distribution at the offshore location; however, in the shoaling region, the heights of the largest waves are underestimated by the theoretical distributions. In the surf zone, the wave heights can be approximated by the composite Weibull distribution. In addition, the nonlinear phase coupling within the irregular waves is investigated by the wavelet-based bicoherence. The bicoherence spectra reflect that the number of frequency modes participating in the phase coupling increases with the decreasing water depth, as does the degree of phase coupling. After the incipient breaking, even though the degree of phase coupling decreases, a great number of higher harmonic wave modes are also involved in nonlinear interactions. Moreover, the summed bicoherence indicates that the frequency mode related to the strongest local nonlinear interactions shifts to higher harmonics with the decreasing water depth. 相似文献
14.
B.R. Sutherland M.R. Flynn K. Dohan 《Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography》2004,51(25-26):2889
The collapse of a uniform density fluid (a “mixed region”) into a surrounding ambient fluid with complex stratification is examined by way of laboratory experiments and fully nonlinear numerical simulations. The analysis focuses upon the consequent generation of internal gravity waves and their influence upon the evolution of the collapsing mixed region. In experiments and simulations for which the ambient fluid has uniform density over the vertical extent of the mixed region and is stratified below, we find the mixed region collapses to form an intrusive gravity current and internal waves are excited in the underlying stratified fluid. The amplitude of the waves is weak in the sense that the intrusion is not significantly affected by the waves. However, scaling the results to the surface mixed layer of the ocean we find that the momentum flux associated with the waves can be as large as 1 N/m2. In simulations for which the ambient fluid is stratified everywhere, including over the vertical extent of the mixed region, we find that internal waves are excited with such large amplitude that the collapsing mixed region is distorted through strong interactions with the waves. 相似文献
15.
Kuniaki Okuda 《Journal of Oceanography》1983,38(6):331-338
For wind waves generated in a wind-wave tunnel, the surface pressure and also the pressure distribution along the internal streamlines were calculated from the measured internal velocity field. In distinct waves, with wave height comparable with or larger than the mean, the surface pressure is found to vary drastically in a narrow region around the crest, showing a dominant minimum near the crest. On the other hand, the pressure distribution along the streamline shows systematic variations that are nearly in phase with the streamline profile. It is shown that the occurrence of the pressure in phase with the streamline profile is linked with the internal vorticity distribution, especially with the presence of a high vorticity region below the crest described in Part I of this study. As a result of the occurrence of such pressure variations, the dispersion relation is modified by about 10% from that for linear irrotational waves. It is argued from the present measurements that the dispersion relation and also the energy transfer from wind into wind waves are strongly affected by the internal vortical structure so that the assumption of irrotational gravity waves cannot be applied to the wind waves being studied. 相似文献
16.
Kuniaki Okuda 《Journal of Oceanography》1982,38(5):313-322
Characteristic features of the internal flow field of short wind waves are described mainly on the basis of streamline patterns measured for four different cases of individual wave. In some waves a distinct high vorticity region, with flow in excess of the phase speed in the surface thin layer, is formed near the crest as shown in Part I of this study, but the streamlines are found to remain quite regular even very near the water surface. The characteristics of flow in the high vorticity region are investigated, and it is argued that the high vorticity region is not supported steadily in individual waves but that growth and attenuation in individual waves repeats systematically, without no severe wave breaking. Below the surface vorticity layer a quite regular wave motion dominates. However, this wave motion is strongly affected by the presence of the high vorticity region. By comparing the measured streamline profiles with those predicted from wave profiles by the use of a water-wave theory, it is found that the flow of the wind waves studied cannot be predicted, even approximately, from the surface displacements, in contrast to the case of pure irrotational water waves. 相似文献
17.
A nearly continuous zone of sediment waves is present on the lower continental rise off western Morocco which parallels the regional bathymetric trends. The individual sediment waves within the zone migrate upslope with time and, in general, also trend parallel to the regional bathymetric contours. These observations suggest that geostrophic contour currents are responsible for the formation of sediment waves. Physical oceanographic measurements and sea-floor photographs indicate only a very weak bottom circulation in this region. This suggests either that strong bottom currents are not essential for the formation of sediment waves or that relatively stronger bottom currents flowed along the continental margin of Morocco in the recent past. Turbidity flows may also influence the distribution of these sediment waves. 相似文献
18.
Disintegration of linear edge waves 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
It is demonstrated that offshore wavenumbers of edge waves change from imaginary wavenumbers in deep water to real wavenumbers in shallow water. This finding indicates that edge waves in the offshore direction exist as evanescent waves in deep water and as propagating waves in shallow water. Since evanescent waves can stably exist in a limited region while propagating waves cannot, energy should be released from nearshore regions. In the present study, the instability region is predicted based on both the full water wave solution and the shallow-water wave approximation. 相似文献
19.
影响我国的东风波特征分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
夏季，随着西太平洋副热带高压的北抬，并逐渐形成稳定的东西带状，在其南侧的东风气流中，常有一些天气尺度的波动西移，这种波动称为东风波。通过资料普查和个例分析结果得出，影响我国的东风波正常均生成于西太平洋上，其在西移的过程中逐渐加强，并进入季风区后，由于受到西南气流的影响，其结构和性质均发生了变化。东风波在合适的环境下，可作为初始扰动而发展为热带风暴，也可启动另外类型的扰动发展为热带风暴，并引导其向西移动而影响我国东南部地区。 相似文献
20.
2008年3月6日至2008年4月9日, 在南海北部外陆架与陆坡上的沙波区进行了海底流速的连续观测,观测结果表明潮流与海流较弱,但时有流速达30—77cm.s-1的海底强流发生。强流方向与南海北部内波传播方向相对应,多分布在偏NW向与偏SE向。偏SE向流强于偏NW向流,与内波在传播方向上的下坡流大于上坡流的特征一致。对流速序列进行了旋转功率谱分析,结果表明,高于M2分潮的频率中,众多的振荡分量具有内波流性质,说明阵发性强流为内波所致。采用观测流速计算了沙波的移动速度,计算结果得出强流能起动海底泥沙,由于NW向传播（上坡方向）的内波导致了SE向（下坡方向）的净流动,沙波偏SE向移动,但沙波移动速度不大,小型沙波移动速度小于1.6m.a-1。采用潮流、风暴潮耦合模型计算了强台风驱动的海底流速过程,表明潮流、风暴潮耦合也能移动海底沙波,但沙波移动方向与台风路径相关,不一定为SE向,且移动距离更小,潮流、风暴潮耦合不是沙波移动的主要动力机制。 相似文献