共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
针对当前水深自动选取中水深点与岸线的协调匹配问题,提出了一种与岸线协调的水深自动选取方法。通过分析资料水深点与岸线的平面位置关系,提取出与岸线协调的待选水深点;从航海安全角度考虑,优先选取浅水深点;在此基础上,分别定义水深点与岸线弯曲处、平直处的协调度,并建立协调度评估模型;通过定量计算协调度,选取出与岸线协调匹配的水深点。实验结果表明,所提方法能在岸线弯曲处优先选取出协调的水深点,同时能保证在岸线平直处附近所选取的水深点分布合理;所提方法能够较好地考虑水深点与岸线的图上位置关系,避免水深注记中断岸线、水深注记"上陆"的情况出现。 相似文献
2.
利用扫描电子显微镜对我国6种热带海参(蛇目白尼参、玉足海参、花刺参、梅花参、子安辐肛参和巨梅花参)背脊部骨片的组成和结构进行了观察。结果表明,蛇目白尼参骨片有3种类型的花纹样体和1种杆状体;玉足海参骨片有2种类型的桌形体和1种扣形体;花刺参骨片有2种类型的桌形体、1种C形体和1种花纹样体;梅花参骨片有4种类型的杆状体;子安辐肛参骨片有1种花纹样体;巨梅花参骨片有1种杆状体、1种拟桌形体和1种颗粒体。结果显示,与之前学者光镜下观察的结果存在差异,玉足海参桌形体底盘中央是单孔而非4孔;花刺参桌形体立柱之间没有横梁连接。并发现了新的骨片类型:蛇目白尼参Ⅲ型花纹样体和杆状体;玉足海参顶部周缘小孔桌形体;花刺参顶部5簇小齿桌形体;梅花参Ⅱ型、Ⅲ型、Ⅳ型杆状体。 相似文献
3.
南海叶绿素a浓度垂直分布的统计估算 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
分析整理了1993—2006年近10 a南海北部海域、南沙海域和南海其他海域的叶绿素a浓度历史航次调查资料,基于前人提出的全球叶绿素浓度垂直分布的统计分析模式,根据南海表层叶绿素a浓度大小的不同分级,对南海叶绿素a浓度进行了参数化处理,拟合估算了南海各水层剖面的叶绿素a浓度分布值,并结合不同海区的环境特征,分析了南海叶绿素a浓度垂直分布与其海水物理环境的关系。初步分析结果表明,叶绿素a浓度随深度垂直变化的拟合曲线呈一定倾斜的正态分布特征,当表层叶绿素a浓度较低时,作为南海深水海盆区的代表,拟合值更接近实测平均值的分布,叶绿素a浓度高值集中在次表层剖面上;当表层叶绿素a浓度较高时,作为近岸区和河口区的代表,高值多集中在表层海水,拟合误差偏大。该统计估算模式对于揭示南海叶绿素a浓度垂直分布结构进行了有益的尝试,为发展适合不同海区特点的模式以及校正参数奠定了基础。利用该模式与海洋水色卫星遥感数据有效结合,将对南海叶绿素a浓度时空分布格局的研究具有重要的意义。 相似文献
4.
Satoshi Sakai 《Progress in Oceanography》1986,17(3-4)
Laboratory experiments with a rotating tank confirm the bifurcation character of a barotropic flow driven by an inflow and an outflow described by Sakai (1986). The model, a circular basin with a topographic β-effect, simulates a mid-latitude oceanic feature. At a low Rossby number, stationary Rossby waves are observed which are symmetrical with a line connecting the inlet and the outlet. As the Rossby number increases, a bifurcation occurs and two kinds of vortex flows are observed. In the vortex, potential vorticity is almost uniform. In addition to the two vortex flows, a jet-like inertial flow can also be observed. In general, thre results of these experiments agree well with those of a low-order model and a numerical model. 相似文献
5.
From the results of a parameter optimization process based on a “minimum feasible volume” criterion, it is shown that the optimum shape for a transatlantic, deep-diving, autonomous submersible is a “low drag” hull shape with a displaced volume of 4.4 m3, a length of 5.97 m and a maximum diameter of 1.33 m. Calculations show that a vehicle of these dimensions, travelling in a minimum drag “cruise” configuration at a depth of 3000 m, say, and at a velocity of 2.5 m/sec could have a maximum range of 7000 km provided the “hotel” power consumption is kept low. 相似文献
6.
V. P. Trubitsyn 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2012,48(7):673-682
Intraplate earthquakes are described by a model of a thrust fault in continuous or cracked media. Such a model can also be used to describe interplate earthquakes, in particular, strong earthquakes in subduction zones. However, new seismic, tectonic, and GPS data for this strong Japanese earthquake demand a more detailed model. One possible model can be a model of the elastic island plate coupled with a dipping oceanic plate with submarine mountings. These mountings, sitting on the dipping oceanic plate, hinder its motion due to coupling with asperities on the bottom of the island plate. When coupling ends, the bottom of the plate can be cut as if by a plough and an earthquake can take place. The decoupling of a mountain leads to a weaker interpolate earthquake, a forshock, and an aftershock. The main earthquake is a result of the effect of a basaltic plateau or a large mountain, which leads to the avalanching decoupling of all mountains on a large area of coupled plates. In the first approximation we can consider that, despite its deformation, an oceanic plate is constantly moving with a nearly constant velocity all times both during earthquakes and in between them. An island plate behaves similarly to an elastic plate, which permanently bends due to torque acting on its junction with a dipping oceanic plate. After the earthquake, the bending plate becomes straight. This leads to it thrusting on the oceanic plate with displacement toward the ocean, an uplift of its oceanic part, and the sinking of its island part by the following tsunami. 相似文献
7.
《Coastal Engineering》2003,48(1):29-50
This paper describes a method for assessing the probability of a ship accident in an entrance channel for different recurrence intervals using model data. This new method includes a rational criteria for evaluating various channel configurations and depths for a range of realistic environmental (i.e., wind, wave, and current) conditions and annual number of ship calls. This four-component climatology-interactive model includes a Poisson probability law for number of ship arrivals, a Bernoulli probability law for grounding in a single random ship arrival, an estimation of the probability parameter in the Bernoulli law from model tests, and a determination of recurrence intervals or return periods. A remote-controlled model of a C9 containership was used to evaluate the navigability of existing and proposed harbor and entrance-channel configurations for a range of environmental conditions in a three-dimensional physical model of Barbers Point Harbor, Oahu, HI. 相似文献
8.
When pycnocline thickness of ocean density is relatively small, density stratification can be well represented as a two-layer system. In this article, a depth integrated model of the two-layer fluid with constant density is considered,and a variant of the edge-based non-hydrostatic numerical scheme is formulated. The resulting scheme is very efficient since it resolves the vertical fluid depth only in two layers. Despite using just two layers, the numerical dispersion is shown to agree with the analytical dispersion curves over a wide range of kd, where k is the wave number and d the water depth. The scheme was tested by simulating an interfacial solitary wave propagating over a flat bottom, as well as over a bottom step. On a laboratory scale, the formation of an interfacial wave is simulated,which also shows the interaction of wave with a triangular bathymetry. Then, a case study using the Lombok Strait topography is discussed, and the results show the development of an interfacial wave due to a strong current passing through a sill. 相似文献
9.
We propose a framework for enabling a systematic evaluation of a fisheries resource management system, which we define as a feed-back mechanism coupled to a fishery. The resource management system includes four basic functions: diagnostics, intervention, goal setting, and decision making. This model allows for the development of an evaluation framework for fisheries resource management by facilitating a typology of failures. We suggest that the potential for systemic and interdisciplinary learning will be significantly enhanced through the process of developing such a framework. 相似文献
10.
I. P. Chunchuzov S. N. Kulichkov O. E. Popov V. G. Perepelkin 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2010,46(5):597-607
A wave theory of propagation of an acoustic pulse in a moving stratified atmospheric layer above the ground with a finite
impedance of an underlying ground surface is developed. The shapes of acoustic signals in a near-ground atmospheric waveguide,
which are formed due to temperature inversion and a vertical shear of the wind velocity, are calculated based on this theory.
These signals are compared with those measured during the experiments where vertical profiles of the wind velocity and temperature
in an atmospheric boundary layer have been continuously controlled using a sodar, a temperature profile meter, and acoustic
anemometers or thermometers mounted on a 56-meter-high mast. The joint action of a near-ground acoustic waveguide, the impedance
of the underlying surface, and a vertical layered structure of the boundary atmospheric layer on a signal shape far from the
acoustic source are studied. 相似文献
11.
This paper investigates a wavefilter which could effectively eliminate re-reflected waves generated in a wave flume over a certain range of wave periods. The wavefilter is not required to change its thickness for different incoming wave periods and is, therefore, termed here a permanent wavefilter. The structure comprises of a set of multilayer porous media. Their related properties such as porosities, friction factors and thickness are sought with the hope of developing a structure which could serve the desired purpose.A theoretical study has been performed. It was found that a multilayer porous media could eliminate re-reflected waves without resorting to adjusting the medium property whenever wave period changes, only if the thickness of the media has to exceed a certain amount.Generally speaking, a thicker multilayer porous media is needed for longer-period waves, while a thinner one is suitable for shorter-period waves. The wavefilter considered here could serve both eliminating re-reflected waves and also providing a desired median wave height if all of those related factors of the media have been properly selected and if the generated waves are restricted to not too wide a range of wave periods. However, it is unlikely that a wavefilter with fixed thickness can remain effective over too wide a range of wave period. 相似文献
12.
Song H. Kuperman W.A. Hodgkiss W.S. Akal T. Guerrini P. 《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》2003,28(2):246-249
An acoustic barrier has been demonstrated using a time-reversal mirror. The experiments, at 3500 Hz, utilized a source-receiver array, a probe source collocated with a receive array, and an echo repeater to emulate a disturbance. The successful demonstration is based on the idea that a disturbance such as an object between a time-reversal mirror and its focus will significantly disturb the focal region and, in particular, the quiescent region. 相似文献
13.
用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)研究了围隔实验过程中水柱颗粒物主要色素的组成及动态变化,并就滤食性鱼类鲢对水体主要色素代谢的影响进行了讨论。结果表明:水柱中的主要色素有叶绿素a、异黄素、岩藻黄素、黄体素、玉米黄素和蓝藻叶黄素等,未放鱼的围隔中实验后期各种色素含量均降低到最低水平,有鱼的围隔中鱼类密度越高则色素含量降低越多。未放鱼的围隔中叶绿素a代谢产物———脱植基叶绿素a、脱镁叶绿素a、脱镁叶绿酸a与叶绿素a的比值均大于其它围隔,有鱼的围隔中鱼类密度大的这几个比值也比较大。 相似文献
14.
《Oceanologica Acta》1998,21(2):223-231
On the basis of sedimentological and oceanographical data, a transport scheme for fine-grained material is proposed in order to explain the location of a muddy deposit present in the northern Portuguese continental shelf, north-west off the Douro River mouth. This mid-shelf deposit is recent, active and its main source is apparently the Douro River. The sediment supply can be related with the oceanographic conditions in winter regime, characterised by a poleward along-shelf current with a bottom westward component, as a consequence of a south-west wind. The resulting fine sediment transport, essentially made in the bottom nepheloid layer, is believed to have a north-west direction. 相似文献
15.
An applied Fourier transform computation for the hydrodynamic wave-resistance coefficient is shown, oriented to potential flows with a free surface and infinity depth. The presence of a ship-like body is simulated by its equivalent pressure disturbance imposed on the un-perturbed free surface, where a linearized free surface condition is used. The wave-resistance coefficient is obtained from the wave-height downstream. Two examples with closed solutions are considered: a submerged dipole, as a test-case, and a parabolic pressure distribution of compact support. In the three dimensional case, a dispersion relation is included which is a key resource for an inexpensive computation of the wave pattern far downstream like fifteen ship-lengths. 相似文献
16.
在2019年6月和9月对黎安港海域9个站点进行水质和沉积物采样调查,研究叶绿素a含量在潟湖内的空间分布,并探讨叶绿素a含量与相关环境因子的关系,为黎安省级海草特别保护区的海草资源保护与恢复提供基础数据及理论研究。结果表明:水体叶绿素a含量时空分布不均匀。6月,水体叶绿素a含量变化范围为3.34μg/L~14.64μg/L,均值为6.36μg/L;9月含量变化范围为12.20μg/L~21.62μg/L,均值17.61μg/L。总体上9月高于6月,空间分布特征为西南和北部偏高,东南部海草区和南部的港口门区偏低。沉积物叶绿素a含量变化范围为0.12μg/g~31.95μg/g,均值为5.71μg/g,表层沉积物叶绿素a呈北高南低的分布特征,柱状样叶绿素a随深度增加基本呈下降趋势。Pearson相关分析结果表明,6月,水质叶绿素a与无机氮和活性磷酸盐呈显著正相关,与水温和透明度相关性不显著;9月,与无机氮呈显著负相关,与其他因子相关性不显著;沉积物叶绿素a与水深、有机碳、总氮有关;说明营养物质和水下光照条件是影响浮游植物生长的主要因素。 相似文献
17.
18.
The detection of a target echo in a sonar image is usually a difficult task since the reverberation, consisting of a large number of spurious echoes, generates a lot of false alarms. In this paper, we propose two new detectors derived from image processing algorithms. These detectors are respectively based on a morphological and a statistical contrast. Each detector only requires setting a few parameters. This setting is done using some prior knowledge about the data (shape of the emitted signal and the used antenna, characteristics of the reverberation). Nevertheless, an extensive statistical study of the detection performances proves that the proposed methods are robust and that even an imprecise setting of the parameters leads to satisfactory results. Applied to the real data, these detectors and their sequential combination lead to a significant improvement on the performances: The false alarm rate is drastically reduced while the detection probability is preserved. Based on different contrasts, these detectors have complementary behaviors. Therefore, a further improvement is achieved by a fusion of the different results to classify the remaining echoes as whether spurious or true detection. 相似文献
19.
一定厚度的油膜对海浪的抑制模型研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文结合海浪谱的作用量平衡方程,给出了一定厚度油膜对海浪的抑制模型,该模型不仅与油膜的物理参数有关,而且与环境参数有关。文中开展了抑制比对这些参数的敏感性分析,数值模拟结果表明:动力学粘性,表面/界面弹性、油膜厚度、油膜覆盖率等参数对抑制比的影响较大,但油膜的其他物理学参数如:密度、表面/界面张力,表面/界面粘度几乎对抑制比不产生影响;而且,文中还发现风速和风向对抑制比的影响较大。一般情况下,油膜对雷达回波信号的抑制,只需考虑油膜对海浪的抑制作用;但对厚乳化溢油而言,还应考虑到介电常数的减小对雷达回波信号的抑制。将本文建立的抑制比模型所得结果与墨西哥湾溢油事故期间的15景ENVISAR ASAR影像所得抑制比结果进行了比较。 相似文献
20.
《Marine Policy》2017
The term “overcapitalized” is frequently used to describe the condition of various fisheries, and to explain why a fishery is in poor condition from a stock status perspective. Often, the concept of overcapitalization is associated with the number of active vessels in a fishery. Although vessel counts are important, they do not fully capture investment or disinvestment in a fishery, and only serve as a crude proxy for a richer concept of fishing capital. A better measure to judge whether overcapitalization is occurring would be the change in capital value for vessels operating, or permitted in a fishery, relative to a benchmark value. Unfortunately, data do not always exist to measure vessel value and associated changes through time. This study presents a method for calculating vessel capital value using a distance function, publicly available vessel sale price data, and non-parametric programming methods. Estimates of value for vessel attributes returned by the distance function are then used to estimate a total value for currently permitted vessels in the northeast region of the United States, and to construct a capital value index for vessels active in the squid, mackerel and butterfish (SMB) fishery between 1996 and 2016. Findings show that the total value of commercially permitted vessels in the northeast region is estimated to be between $606.6 and $769.7 million ($2016). Based on the constructed capital value index, the SMB fishery has undergone a period of disinvestment marked by both declining vessel numbers and capital value. 相似文献