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基于车载激光扫描数据的窗户提取与重建技术 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
借鉴投影点密度的思想,提出了一套从车载激光扫描数据中提取和重建窗户的方案。首先,将建筑物立面点云投影到立面平面,通过建立不规则三角网(TIN),比较三角形边长来提取窗户边缘点。然后根据边缘点的分布建立格网,计算格网内的投影点密度,分类出代表窗户区域的子块并对同一窗户内的子块进行聚类。将得到的窗户在立面平面上的二维坐标代入立面平面方程,并结合窗户的厚度进行解算得到窗户立体模型各角点的三维坐标。最后利用方案对建筑物立面点云数据进行了具体处理并给出了窗户的提取和三维重建的效果。 相似文献
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图象中目标具有相似灰度特征,在分割中,我们应考虑区域的整体灰度以及相邻象素灰度的变化,它们依靠于范围参数ε和毗邻参数δ。本文介绍了灰度图象的（ε,δ）连续区域及其模糊边缘测度,提出了通过相对模糊边缘度调整（ε,δ）参数,利用（ε,δ）目标连接集分割图象的一种新算法。实验结果表明该算法分割效果较好,提取边缘精度较高。 相似文献
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本研究采用IKONOS遥感图像,选取波谱特征区,通过区域像元统计并计算各波段权重系数,将影像进行波谱归一化处理,使归一化的影像岛陆与海水特征更明显。在此基础上,采用最大类间方差法确定最佳分割阈值,对归一化的影像进行二值化,从而提取海岛岸线。该方法采用特征曲线法进行水陆分离,得到的二值图像保持了原图的有效边缘,采用二值形态学提取的海岸线连续可靠、信噪比高。结果表明,该方法简单、快速,能有效提取海岸线,具有实用价值。 相似文献
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针对传统浅地层剖面层界自动提取方法效率低下、阈值参数多且选取困难等问题,提出一种层界提取的深度学习方法。首先根据原始回波数据得到的浅地层剖面灰度图像进行人工层界提取,并形成层界提取图,图中赋予不同层不同颜色,不同层的边缘即为层界处,并以此为样本;然后基于DeeplabV3+网络,将层界提取问题转化为图像分割问题,展开模型训练;最后使用网络模型对浅地层剖面图像进行预测分割,提取分割边界作为初始层界,并使用图像处理技术对初始层界进行优化处理,得到最终连续层界。实验实现了连续层界的自动化提取,并取得了优于80%的提取精度。 相似文献
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基于数学形态学的侧扫声呐图像轮廓自动提取 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
侧扫声呐图像特征自动提取的难点在于特征地貌边缘检测较困难,依据图像灰度突变检测得到的边缘比较粗糙、不连续,而且有断口和小洞。本文在对图像进行预处理和阈值化的基础上,采用数学形态学方法对图像进行处理,即用具有一定形态的结构元素去量度和提取图像中的对应形状,得到连续化、粗化、圆滑的特征区域边缘填充目标内部阴影且消除背景噪声。基于数学形态学的侧扫声呐图像特征自动提取的主要步骤为:首先对侧扫声呐图像进行预处理,然后进行灰度阈值化,接着采用数学形态学方法进行处理,最后对处理后的图像进行边缘检测,提取出特征地貌边缘。实验表明,采用数学形态学方法进行处理后,错断、离散的海底目标物变得连续,背景噪声大大减少,自动提取结果准确可靠。 相似文献
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《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2016,(3)
针对无角毛类浮游植物显微图像,结合显著区域检测和GrabCut算法,提出一种新颖的浮游植物细胞自动分割方法。首先,基于视觉注意机制的计算模型,检测输入图像的显著区域;然后,对生成的显著图进行预分割以获得浮游植物细胞的位置;再把细胞的位置信息用于初始化GrabCut算法,并迭代执行GrabCut;最后,应用去噪和平滑技术来输出细胞。实验表明该方法提取的前景目标形态完整、轮廓清晰、边缘规则。 相似文献
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本文提出了一种基于纹理特征的围填海SAR图像分水岭分割方法,首先对机载MiniSAR图像进行灰度共生矩阵纹理滤波,获得纹理特征图像,再对纹理特征图像进行分水岭算法分割,将获得的形态学重建图像进行门限阈值分割,得到最后的二值化分割结果。该方法一方面通过调整灰度共生矩阵纹理滤波的窗口大小,抑制了斑点噪声的影响;另一方面,利用分水岭算法对边缘模糊杂乱图像的优势,提高了围填海信息提取的准确性。实验结果表明,本方法对高分辨率SAR图像围填海监测图像的分割效果良好。 相似文献
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Patterns of Coral Distribution and Benthic Space Partitioning on the Fringing Reefs of Southern Taiwan 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Abstract. The distribution pattern of corals and benthic space partitioning patterns on the fringing reefs of southern Taiwan were studied by the line-transect method. The bathymetric distribution of corals in the study area was basically homogeneous except on the protected reef slopes and the exposed reef fronts and terraces. Corals on protected reef slopes are mainly foliaceous, including Montipora foliosa, Merulina ampliata, Mycedium elephantotus , and Pachyseris speciosa , but the dominant species on a reef slope vary from site to site. The formation of the foliaceous coral community is possibly related to a complex of environmental factors, chance, and biological interactions. The reef fronts and submarine terraces of exposed areas are dominated by alcyonacean corals. The most abundant species are Sarcophyton trocheliophorum, S. crassocaule , and Lobophytum sarcophytoides ; their distributions are relatively homogeneous. The formation of alcyonacean-dominated assemblages can be related to the special adaptive strategies of these corals. In regard to space partitioning patterns, the major space occupiers on those reefs exposed to storm disturbances are alcyonacean soft corals, scleractinian corals, and algae; on reefs protected from storms, scleractinian corals and algae dominate. Two conspicuous features of the study area are the high proportion of space occupied by algae and the abundant unoccupied space. The dense algal cover is possibly caused by sewage pollution and overfishing of the reef area. The unoccupied space is most likely related to the high frequency of typhoon disturbances. 相似文献
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变速成图方法及应用研究 总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21
研究了地震速度和变速成图传统方法中影响成图精度的主要因素 ,指出了传统方法中造成误差较大、准确性较低的原因。从解决传统方法中存在的问题入手 ,提出了相应的速度场建立和变速成图方法 :通过提高叠加速度分辨率 ,利用模型层析法或模型反演法实现叠加速度到层速度的转换 ,建立空间速度场 ,速度校正和时深转换。实际资料应用表明 ,该方法提高了速度场建立和变速成图精度 ,解决了山前高陡构造以及低幅度构造地区的变速成图问题。 相似文献
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海岸建筑退缩线是科学有效保护和管理海岸线的重要措施之一。为促进我国海岸线资源的可持续开发利用,文章兼顾海岸线的自然和社会等属性,采用德尔菲法、层次分析法和聚类分析法相结合的方法,构建我国海岸建筑退缩线退缩距离的综合评价指标体系,提出退缩距离的计算方法,并以秦皇岛沿岸为例划定海岸建筑退缩线。研究结果表明：海岸建筑退缩线退缩距离的综合评价指标体系包括海岸线类型、海岸线开发利用类型、海洋经济效益、防灾效果和生态环境质量5类影响因素以及16项主要指标;在确定退缩线起算基线、综合评价指标分级和退缩距离等级的基础上,海岸建筑退缩线退缩距离是随综合评价值的增大而敏感性增强的连续分段函数;在秦皇岛沿岸的27个岸段中,海岸建筑退缩线的退缩距离等级分布较广,最小和最大退缩距离分别为25 m和500 m,其中河口和基岩等岸线的退缩距离较小,旅游娱乐岸线的退缩距离基本为200～300 m,保护区岸线的退缩距离较大。 相似文献
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通过等高线树构建出各条等高线的空间关系，采用计算几何中的凸壳和Douglas算法，建立了似Douglas变换模型，提出了一种自动识别山脊线和谷底线的新方法。理论和实践结果表明，用该方法提取的地性线结构性强、精确度较高，用于地貌形态的自动综合中是完全可行的。 相似文献
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船坞内制作的大型结构物浮运沉放到海底的支撑基础上之后,受其自重及基础强度等因素的影响,在其初期会有一个明显沉降过程;为研究其沉降规律性,须对其进行监测.由于结构物在海水面以下,其底部位置靠测量设置的塔目标位置反求.通过对某电厂取水工程的海底取水头监测,介绍了监测方法及其沉降数据规律. 相似文献
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Tokuo Yamamoto 《Ocean Engineering》1981,8(1):1-16
Stability analyses of homogeneous and inhomogeneous seabed foundations under attack by storm waves are made by calculating the wave-induced effective stresses. Wave-induced effective stress analysis of homogeneous seabed is made using the theory previously developed by the author which is based on the poro-elastic theory of Biot. Effective stresses in inhomogeneous seabeds induced by waves are calculated by approximating aa inhomogeneous bed by many layers of homogeneous soils each of which has different geotechnical soil properties. A good agreement is obtained between the theory and the pore pressure data from in situ field measurements. For a given wavelength, it is found that there exists a most unstable thickness of homogeneous seabed when the thickness is one-fifth of the wave length. As a realistic example of an inhomogeneous bed, the effective stresses in a typical seabed formation at the Mississippi Delta area of the Gulf of Mexico under the attack of design storm waves are calculated. The numerical results indicate that the storm waves induce a continuous submarine landslide which extends as deep as 9 m from the mud line. Numerical calculations also indicate that such landslides and liquefaction of seabeds can be prevented by placing a layer of concrete blocks or rubble on top of the seabeds. 相似文献
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This article studies the effect of airborne lidar (surface) elevation data on the classification of multispectral IKONOS images over a coastal area. The lidar data and IKONOS images are treated as independent multiple bands to conduct the classification. To do so, the lidar elevation data is first resampled to the same ground spacing interval and stretched to the same radiometric range as the IKONOS images. An unsupervised classification based on the ISODATA algorithm is then used to determine a class schema of six classes: road, water, marsh, roof, tree, and sand. Training sites and checking sites are selected over the lidar-IKONOS merged data set for the subsequent supervised classification and quality evaluation. The complete confusion matrices and average quality indices are presented to assess and compare the classification results. It is shown that the inclusion of the lidar elevation data benefits the separation of classes that have similar spectral characteristics, such as roof and road, water and marsh. The overall classification errors, especially the false positive errors, are reduced by up to 50%. Moreover, by using the lidar elevation data, the classification results show more realistic and homogeneous distribution of geographic features. This property will benefit the subsequent vectorization of the classification maps and the integration of the vector data into a geographical information system. 相似文献
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Combining Lidar Elevation Data and IKONOS Multispectral Imagery for Coastal Classification Mapping 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This article studies the effect of airborne lidar (surface) elevation data on the classification of multispectral IKONOS images over a coastal area. The lidar data and IKONOS images are treated as independent multiple bands to conduct the classification. To do so, the lidar elevation data is first resampled to the same ground spacing interval and stretched to the same radiometric range as the IKONOS images. An unsupervised classification based on the ISODATA algorithm is then used to determine a class schema of six classes: road, water, marsh, roof, tree, and sand. Training sites and checking sites are selected over the lidar-IKONOS merged data set for the subsequent supervised classification and quality evaluation. The complete confusion matrices and average quality indices are presented to assess and compare the classification results. It is shown that the inclusion of the lidar elevation data benefits the separation of classes that have similar spectral characteristics, such as roof and road, water and marsh. The overall classification errors, especially the false positive errors, are reduced by up to 50%. Moreover, by using the lidar elevation data, the classification results show more realistic and homogeneous distribution of geographic features. This property will benefit the subsequent vectorization of the classification maps and the integration of the vector data into a geographical information system. 相似文献
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It is the purpose of this paper to present a new method for the calculation of hydrostatic properties of intact and damaged ship hulls and other floating structures. The geometry of the floating structure is modelled as a set of compartments, bounded by flat panels. Hydrostatic properties are derived by pressure integration on these panel elements. By application of Greens integration theorem the area integration is transformed into line integrals around the contour of each element. The line integrals can be expressed analytically such that the final result is that all the hydrostatic properties can be determined as a summation of easily evaluated expressions. This calculation procedure has the advantage of being well suited for computer calculation, and is easily applied to truly arbitrarily shaped floating structures. Another advantage is that it is based on a geometrical model which is equally suited for finite element strength analysis and hydrodynamic calculations based on a panel method. The application of the procedure is demonstrated by an example. 相似文献
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渤海、黄海热结构分析 总被引：14，自引：4，他引：14
在多年观测资料基础上,以月平均风应力和周平均海表水温(SST)作为外强迫,对黄海、渤海热结构进行了数值模拟.模拟结果显示渤海的热结构特征自10月至翌年3月为水温垂直均一的冬季型;5～8月为分层结构(由上混合层、跃层、潮混合层组成)的夏季型.4月和9月为两型的过渡期,最低水温出现在2月,最高水温表层出现在8月,底层则在9～10月.黄海沿岸浅水区与渤海有相似的热结构,黄海冷水团和黄海暖流对其中央槽深水区的热结构有重要影响.对底层水的影响而言,前者夏季显著而后者冬季显著,从而导致黄海(槽)的底层水与环境相比呈现夏季冷而冬季暖的特征,底层水温基本上与表面水温的年变化反相;深水区的热结构与渤海相比,均一型结构(1～3月)变短,分层型结构(5～11月)变长,底温年变幅(5℃以内)变小,跃层强度增强.模拟结果还表明,黄海暖流的动力仍然是季风环流,而对黄海冷水团的形成和发展有无动力影响提出质疑. 相似文献