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1.
为了探索和揭示2.5 MaBP前后东亚季风演变历史及植被演替对气候演化的响应,对南海南部大洋钻探ODP1143站(9°22'N、113°17'E)深海柱状样的上部135~95 m(3.0~2.0 MaBP)共146个孢粉样品进行了分析研究,时间分辨率为7 ka/样,孢粉谱显示沉积率变化显著,以2.6 MaBP为界可明显分为两个阶段,与前一阶段3.0~2.6 MaBP相比,2.6~2.0 MaBP时段各类型花粉及孢子沉积率均有显著提高.该结果表明2.6 MaBP南海海平面有显著下降,可与北半球冰盖形成、东亚季风增强相对应.2.6 MaBP以后,各类型孢粉沉积率高低变化揭示南海海平面有多次上升和下降,代表了多次冰期-间冰期旋回.该结果与深海氧同位素分期相对应.频谱分析表明3.0~2.0 MaBP存在0.1 Ma(偏心率)和46.9 ka(斜率)的周期.  相似文献   

2.
通过对南海北部陆坡KNG5孔沉积物粒度、粘土矿物和14C年龄的综合分析, 探讨了南海北部陆坡的沉积物来源及其控制因素。物源分析表明, KNG5孔17.5-12.5ka BP的沉积物主要来源于珠江, 12.5ka BP 时粘土矿物组合突然发生改变, 并且自12.5ka BP以后, 高岭石含量总体稳定, 说明12.5ka BP时海平面已上升到相当的高度, 并且可能当时南海的现代环流系统已开始形成, 西行的广东沿岸流导致向外扩散的珠江物质减少, 由于受北太平洋深层水(NPDW)和黑潮(KC)南海分支的作用, 台湾成为此时沉积物的主要贡献者。KNG5孔17.5-11ka BP时期的粘土矿物和粒度变化主要受控于海平面和洋流系统的变化。全新世早期(11.0-8ka BP)平均粒径达到最细和1-2.2m 粒级含量达到最高值可能是强盛的夏季风作用的结果。全新世中晚期(8—0ka BP) 1-2.2?m组分含量的减少是8ka BP以来东亚夏季风减弱的具体体现, 1-2.2m 粒级含量指示的东亚夏季风变化能和北半球其它季风指标能很好地对应起来, 说明这次季风减弱是北半球各个季风系统的共同现象。  相似文献   

3.
采自南海南部的YSJD-86GC柱样(113°02.5860′E,10°18.1740′N,水深2 651m,柱长1.68m)提供了该区近27ka以来的古海洋学记录。沉积物岩性特征、浮游有孔虫分布特征、全岩样品AMS14C测年、氧稳定同位素等分析结果表明,南海南部末次冰期以来一直处于稳定的陆坡—半深海沉积环境;氧同位素Ⅱ期以来表层海水古温度逐渐增高;温跃层在氧同位素Ⅱ期相对较浅,之后逐渐变深,全新世中期以来又再次变浅。11—9.5ka BP期间有一次古气候回返事件,与"新仙女木"事件相对应;6—5ka BP期间古气候波动较大,是全新世中期气候波动剧烈阶段的记录。  相似文献   

4.
南海东北部深海盆底流演变受多种因素控制, 但目前对末次冰盛期以来底流的敏感指标、演变过程及其控制因素还缺乏深入认识。本文选取南海东北部深水区16ZBS11岩心开展陆源碎屑粒度测试和年龄测定, 通过粒级-标准偏差法提取环境敏感因子, 并计算底流强度及搬运能力。研究结果表明, 研究区陆源碎屑主要由粉砂和粘土组成, 砂组分仅在部分层位出现。南海东北部深海沉积环境经历了3个演化阶段, 第Ⅰ阶段为22.39~16.02ka BP, 第Ⅱ阶段为16.02~9.58ka BP, 第Ⅲ阶段为9.58ka BP至今, 各阶段粘土和粉砂组分均呈反相演变过程。海平面变化是深海沉积和海洋过程的重要影响因素, 末次冰盛期以来南海东北部深海盆底流强度和搬运能力逐渐减弱并呈同步变化, 16ka BP、11.5ka BP后南海分别与印度洋、台湾海峡连通, 影响了南海北部的海洋过程。特别是9.58ka BP以来南海北部海洋混合方式和强度的改变, 深刻影响着深海陆源碎屑的输运及沉积演化。本文研究结果为深入认识南海北部底流活动演变和南海深海过程提供了新证据。  相似文献   

5.
对南海南部MD05-2897孔沉积物的分析显示,该孔涵盖氧同位素1~12期,底界年龄约为50万年。碳酸钙含量曲线形态基本与底栖有孔虫氧同位素曲线平行,即碳酸钙高值对应氧同位素轻值,呈现典型的大西洋型碳酸钙分布模式。碳酸钙含量在冰消期的高值出现及含量变化均领先于氧同位素,证明低纬海区"碳酸钙泵"对大气二氧化碳浓度和温度的作用。粒度分析显示,3~5μm组分含量曲线的变化与氧同位素曲线基本平行,说明它主要受海平面升降变化控制,可作为海平面变化的间接指标。而1.5~2.5μm粒级颗粒主要通过河流的悬浮搬运,直接受亚洲夏季风及其所带来降雨的影响,可间接反映夏季风的强弱变化。南海南部深海沉积中的季风记录具有0.1 Ma偏心率周期,40 ka斜率周期,20 ka岁差和10 ka半岁差周期等丰富的频谱,显示出低纬度海区气候变化对轨道周期的良好响应。  相似文献   

6.
通过对南海69站深海柱状剖面的孢粉成分的变化将该孔沉积层从下至上划分为5个孢粉组合带,1带:Quercus(常绿)-Pinus-Cyathea-Artemisia孢粉带(552.5~470 cm);2带:Pinus-Podocarpus-Quercus-Polypodiaceae孢粉带(470~350 cm);3带:Quercus(常绿)-Castanopsis-Pinus-Polypodiaceae孢粉带(350~250 cm);4带:Pinus-Podocarpus-Artemisia-Polypodiaceae孢粉带(250~140 cm);5带:Podocarpus-Cyathea-Quercus(常绿)-Pinus-Pol-ypodiaceae孢粉带(140~0 cm)。并相应恢复了南海东部64 ka以来3个植被、气候、古环境演替阶段,热带季雨林、热带北缘半常绿季雨林和热带季雨林。对69站柱状地层时代作了划分,孢粉1带相当于氧同位素3期,时代为Q33-2;孢粉2~4带相当于氧同位素2期,时代为Q33-3;孢粉5带为氧同位素1期,时代为Q4。  相似文献   

7.
对南海北部C4站柱状沉积剖面进行了高分辨率孢粉、藻类成分的分析和研究,同时测定了部分样品的AMS14C年代,划分了该站柱状沉积物地层时代,相应恢复了南海北部9 800 a B P以来植被、气候、环境的3个演替阶段.南海北部C4站从下至上可划分成3个孢粉组合带,依次为:1带(258~194 cm):以Pinus-Quercus(常绿)-Polypodiaceae-Pterdium-Pteris-Dicranopteris-Adiantum为主孢粉带;2带(194~94 cm):以Pinus-Quercus(常绿)-Pteridium-Polypodiaceae-Microlepia-Dicranopteris为主孢粉带;3带(94~4 cm):以Pinus-Pteridium-Polypodiaceae-Quercus(常绿)-Microlepia-Dicranopteris为主孢粉带.与3个孢粉带相对应的古植被阶段依次为:伴有针叶树的常绿阔叶、落叶阔叶混交林,热带半常绿季雨林,热带常绿阔叶、落叶阔叶混交林,与周边地区的植被演替相一致.由此可见,研究区经历了全新世早期气候转暖,中期气候炎热、干湿季明显、海平面上升以及晚期气候暖热、湿润3个古环境演变阶段.  相似文献   

8.
研究钻孔DGKS-9602位于冲绳海槽中部,岩芯长度为931 cm,钻孔年代覆盖了氧同位素1~4阶段,年代可追溯至距今73 ka.孢粉分析结果证明,孢粉带与氧同位素阶段有较好的对应关系,其中松属花粉与蒿属花粉比值(P/A)与海平面变化曲线相互吻合.应用非相似性类比法将钻孔孢粉样品与陆地表土孢粉样品进行欧氏距离计算,从而...  相似文献   

9.
依据南海低纬地区SA09-040孔高分辨率的孢粉记录,自下至上划分了4个孢粉组合带。从孢粉成分的变化,重建了22.25ka B P以来的植被与气候变化历史。结果表明:孢粉主要来源于婆罗洲和周围岛屿,孢粉1带(22.25~16.6ka B P),低山雨林植被发育,为暖热气候,从测年时间看,当时为末次冰期晚期。孢粉2带(16.6~10.82ka B P,为末次冰消期),植被以热带低山雨林和低地雨林为主,针叶的松数量较多,当时的气温比现在低。孢粉3带(全新世早期,10.82~6.43ka B P),植被以热带低山雨林和低地雨林为主,针叶松属数量减少,气温比前期升高,海平面也上升。孢粉4带(全新世中晚期,6.43ka B P至今),全新世中期为炎热、湿润的气候环境,全新世晚期可能与婆罗洲现今的植被景观相近,为热、湿的气候环境。  相似文献   

10.
渤海地区全新世孢粉序列及古环境演化   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
通过对取自黄河口外泥质区的BH-264孔的沉积孢粉进行分析,对渤海地区全新世古植被和古环境演化历史进行了恢复。在早全新世(距今9.5~7.6 ka)渤海地区气候温暖湿润,在陆缘海滨地带出现大量沼泽湿地,上面生长着莎草和香蒲等植被,在周围的山地、丘陵和平原地区植被以松属和落叶栎属为主,并伴生着桦木属、榆科、桑科等树种;在中全新世(距今7.6~5.8 ka)温度的升高和海平面上升,使BH-264孔沉积孢粉中松属占主导地位,不利于远距离传播的草本植物花粉含量降为全新世最低值;在距今5.8 ka以后东亚夏季风减弱和降雨量减少导致渤海西部陆源海滨地带植被以旱生草本藜科、蒿属和菊属为主,黄河三角洲的形成缩短了研究区的离岸距离,使这些草本植物花粉易于传播到BH-264孔中沉积。  相似文献   

11.
黄河三角洲地区第四纪海进与岸线变迁   总被引:13,自引:1,他引:13  
根据上百个钻孔的岩性岩相资料及数十个钻孔的微体古生物、地下水化学及土壤易溶盐等方面的分析资料,结合古地磁、~(14)C测年成果,讨论了黄河三角洲地区第四纪海进、海退特征及海进对地下咸水形成与分布的影响,勾划了全新世海进盛期此区的海岸线,讨论了全新世海岸线的变迁过程。  相似文献   

12.
Patterns of the South China Sea (SCS) circulation variability are extracted from merged satellite altimetry data from October 1992 through August 2004 by using the self-organizing map (SOM). The annual cycle, seasonal and inter-annual variations of the SCS surface circulation are identified through the evolution of the characteristic circulation patterns. The annual cycle of the SCS gener- al circulation patterns is described as a change between two opposite basin-scale SW-NE oriented gyres embedded with eddies: low sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) (cyclonic) in winter and high SSHA (anticyclonic) in summer half year. The transition starts from July--August (January--February) with a high (low) SSHA tongue east of Vietnam around 12°~14° N, which de- velopa into a big anticyclonic (cyclonic) gyre while moving eastward to the deep basin. During the transitions, a dipole structure, cyclonic (anticyclonic) in the north and anticyclonic (cyclonic) in the south, may be formed southeast off Vietnam with a strong zonal jet around 10°~12° N. The seasonal variation is modulated by the interannual variations. Besides the strong 1997/1998 e- vent in response to the peak Pacific El Nino in 1997, the overall SCS sea level is found to have a significant rise during 1999~ 2001, however, in summer 2004 the overall SCS sea level is lower and the basin-wide anticyclonic gyre becomes weaker than the other years.  相似文献   

13.
采用AVISO提供的卫星高度计融合数据,对南海及西北太平洋(5°~35°N,105°~150°E)1993~2009年17a间的中尺度涡活动进行统计分析.结果表明南海中尺度涡活动具有明显的年际变化,每年观测到产生的中尺度涡个数平均为21~22个,标准差约为4个,占年平均值的20%;而西北太平洋中尺度涡个数的年际差异不大,平均每年观测到150~151个中尺度涡产生,标准差约为14个,仅占年平均值的9%.中尺度涡的逐月统计结果表明南海和西北太平洋的中尺度涡活动均有明显季节变化,1993~2009年间的各月南海和西北太平洋分别观测到30~31个和213~214个中尺度涡产生,标准差分别约为6个和41个,均占各自月平均值的19%.中尺度涡主要集中分布在南海东北部、越南东部和黑潮流轴附近海域.涡动能、海面高度距平均方根以及涡度均方根的空间分布大致与涡旋个数分布一致,但在西北太平洋的低纬海区和黑潮延伸体区域则不甚吻合.在相同的涡旋判别标准下,西北太平洋低纬海区(5°~15°N)观测到的中尺度涡个数比中高纬海区要少得多.  相似文献   

14.
利用南海东北部上陆坡处所取的D孔(21°23′02″N,116°47′13″E,水深405m)进行硅藻分析,结合粒度分析与碎屑矿物分析结果,探讨该海域末次冰期以来沉积环境演变过程。结果表明:粒度与硅藻分析结果较为吻合,共同显示D孔可分为上下两层,上层(0-2cm)的砂质沉积层为经冰后期海进过程改造的晚更新世残留沉积层;下层(2-130cm)主要是末次冰期形成的浅海沉积。整个柱样可反映出海洋同位素MIS4期海退至MIS3期海进与MIS2期海退至冰后期海进的沉积韵律。  相似文献   

15.
华南沿海B/M界线附近的群发地质事件   总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9  
在距今0.7Ma的B/M古地磁极性界线附近,华南沿海发生了一系列地质事件,其中包括火山喷发、断裂、褶皱、不整合、侵蚀、玻璃陨石撒落及气候突变事件。这种突发性的事件群是受地球星体运动统一控制的,并具有某种周期性,可与中国北方和其他大陆对比。文中提出了新灾变论的观点。  相似文献   

16.
南黄海陆架沉积环境的聚类分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
通过对描述性资料的Q型聚类、数据资料的R型和Q型聚类的定量分析,南黄海陆架可区分出三级环境和20个沉积亚环境,进一步探讨了1.70MaB.P.沉积环境序列。  相似文献   

17.
李江  谭姣姣 《海洋学报》2012,34(5):154-160
为了探讨胞外多糖在南极微生物低温适应性中的作用与机制,克隆了南极菌Pseudoalteromonas sp.S-15-13的引导糖基转移酶(GTF)核心片段,并采用Real-Time PCR的方法研究了温度、冻融循环、盐浓度、pH等条件对该糖基转移酶基因(gtf)表达的影响。结果表明,低温有利于gtf的表达,短时的低温刺激(2℃)1 h后,gtf的表达量即上调为对照的1.5倍;而该菌经4和10℃培养24 h后gtf的表达量约为20℃时的8~12倍;经过冻融循环gtf的表达量上调,在第2个冻融循环后gtf 的表达量较对照提高了3.667倍;盐浓度对gtf的影响表现为低促高抑,即NaCl含量为6.0 %时gtf 的表达量是对照(3.0%)的3.59倍,当NaCl含量达9.0 %时gtf 表达量则显著下调;在一定范围内(pH5.0~8.0),pH的改变会促进gtf 的表达,当pH为6.0时gtf 表达量约为pH7.0时的2倍。该结果为探讨胞外多糖在南极微生物环境适应性中的作用与机制提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

18.
Continuous pollen and isotopic records were established for core BAN 84 09 GC retrieved from the anoxic Bannock Basin in the Eastern Mediterranean. On the basis of two 14C dates, they document the palaeoclimate between about 25.7 ka B.P. and 5.2 ka B.P. in the northern borderlands of the Ionian Basin. The upper half of the core has been redeposited.

The isotopic record displays a correlation with pollen percentages that is strong and positive for Artemisia (sage-brush) and negative for Quercus (oak). The last glacial maximum and the deglaciation are identified by these combined taxa, together with Chenopodiaceae. The glacial maximum around 18 ka B.P. (which has elsewhere been dated from 20 to 15 ka B.P.) has pollen percentages that are high for Artemisia and low for Quercus. The climate in the pollen source area was arid, cold in winter, briefly warm in summer and sustained the vegetation of a semi-desert. The onset of deglaciation after 18 ka B.P. coincides with that of the decline in Artemisia pollen percentage. However, this decline does not indicate reduced aridity, because it is accompanied by a pollen percentage rise of the even more arid herbs Chenopodiaceae and Ephedra. Throughout the deglaciation from 18 to 11 ka B.P., the aridity progressively increases, culminating at 11 ka B.P. This trend is briefly interrupted by a more humid event, shown by a peak in Artemisia pollen percentage and a smaller peak in oak; these two peaks are coeval with the Bölling-Alleröd chronozone (13-11 ka B.P.). Maximum aridity occurs during the Younger Dryas chronozone (11-10 ka B.P.). Afterwards, the oak pollen percentage begins a steady increase, and its maximum value is coeval with the lowest isotopic value, dated at 8760 ± 170 yr B.P. This period was one of high moisture, warm summers, and, according to altitude, mild to cool winters. This climate sustained forests that were Mediterranean in the lowlands and warm temperate in the uplands. A high pollen concentration is observed during this period and reveals the presence of sapropel S1, which is otherwise unrecognizable in this entirely black core. During the following period between 8760 ± 170 and 5200 yr B.P., the δ180 reverts to slightly higher values and the Quercus pollen percentage decreases, while the pollen percentage of the wetter Ostrya, the oriental hornbeam, increases. The high pollen concentration during the deposition of sapropel S1 cannot have been caused by increased pollen input into the sea, this pollen being wind-borne, nor by increased pollen production for all taxa, both trees and herbs. We conclude that it is entirely due to increased preservation of this allochtonous organic material by the deep anoxia of the bottom water, below a thick anoxic water column. The coincidence of sapropel deposition with warm and humid local climate as well as with the second global meltwater pulse suggests that the cessation of bottom-water ventilation was due to decreased surface water density, resulting from less saline incoming Atlantic surface water, increased local runoff, and warmer winters.  相似文献   


19.
为了探讨海洋表层沉积物的孢粉分布与可能陆源地区植被、气候以及孢粉传播机制的关系,为南海古环境研究提供可靠的基础,采用野外取样、室内实验、计算孢粉百分比和孢粉浓度等方法,对广东沿海及海南岛东南部(108°34′12″—120°E,17°—23°43′12″N,水深为37—3370m)40个表层沉积物样品进行孢粉分析,揭示表层孢粉在整个广东沿海及海南岛东南部的分布和传播规律,尤其关注以往未涉及的广东沿岸海域的孢粉分布情况。研究发现草本花粉如禾本科Poaceae、蒿属Artemisia、藜科Chenopodiaceae、十字花科Brassiceae除在广东沿海近岸带含量较高外,一般都低,可能与沿岸热带亚热带草地分布以及水稻、甘蔗、蔬菜种植有关,推测是以冬季表层环流为动力由北向南传播的。松属Pinus花粉百分比高(20%)且传播较远,以珠江口和东沙群岛附近的样点最高,向西南逐渐降低,说明松属花粉是以冬季风为主要动力传播的。近海区域表层沉积的芒箕孢子含量很高(60%),可能与剧烈的人类活动干扰有关。而热带、亚热带阔叶林花粉(如栲属和栎属)的数量却远远低于其在陆地植被中的数量。广东沿岸的栲属Castanopsis、栎属Quercus、三缝孢Trilete-spore等花粉主要来源于海南岛和广东沿岸,可能是随河流及南海北部表层环流输送的。单缝孢及水生植物莎草科Cyperaceae的百分含量以靠近珠江口的样点较高,可能与河流的注入有关。  相似文献   

20.
The northeastern shelf margin of the South China Sea(SCS) is characterized by the development of large scale foresets complexes since Quaternary. Based on integral analysis of the seismic, well logging and paleontological data, successions since ~3.0 Ma can be defined as one composite sequence, consist of a set of regional transgressive to regressive sequences. They can be further divided into six 3 rd order sequences(SQ0–SQ5) based on the Exxon sequence stratigraphic model. Since ~1.6 Ma, five sets of deltaic systems characterized by development of wedge-shaped foresets complexes or clinoforms had been identified. High-resolution seismic data and the thick foresets allowed further divided of sub-depositional sequences(4 th order) of regression to transgression, which is basically consistent with published stacked benthic foram O-isotope records. Depositional systems identified in the study area include deltaic deposits(inner-shelf deltas and shelf-edge deltas), incised valleys, and slope slumping massive deposits. Since ~1.6 Ma, clinoforms prograded from the southern Panyu Lower Uplift toward the northern Baiyun Depression, shelf slope break migrated seaward, whereas the shelf edge of SQ0 migrated landward. The development of incised valleys in the continental shelf increased upward,especially intensive on the SB3 and SB2. The slumping massive deposits increased abruptly since SB2, which corresponds to the development of incised valleys. The evolution of depositional systems of continental slope mainly controlled by the combined influence of sea level changes, tectonic movements, sediment supply and climate changes. Since ~3.0 Ma, relative sea level of the northern SCS had been experienced transgression(~3.0 Ma BP) to regression(~1.6 Ma BP). The regional regression and maximum transgressions of the composite sequences were apparently enhanced by uplift or subsidence related to tectono-thermal events. In addition,climatic variations including monsoon intensification and the mid-Pleistocene transition may have enhanced sediment supply by increasing erosion rate and have an indispensable influence on the development of the incised valleys and 5 sets of deltaic systems since ~1.6 Ma.  相似文献   

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