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《海洋通报(英文版)》2021,(1)
基于Wo S和CNKI数据库,通过文献计量方法对2013-2018年中国和国际极地科研情况从发文量、被引量、机构、学科分布、合作关系、来源期刊、高被引论文等方面进行统计分析,并结合中西方传统学科优势和自然地理位置的差异,总结了当前极地领域的研究热点,得出以下结论:(1)"极地冰盖不稳定性和海平面变化""极地生态系统的敏感性与脆弱性""北极海-冰-气相互作用及其气候效应"是当前世界各国共同关注的研究重点;(2)"‘冰上丝绸之路’倡议下的国家战略与合作"等政治环境研究已成为我国特有的极地战略课题。同时,从加大政策支持、构建合作体系和优化战略布局等三个方面提出了启示与建议。 相似文献
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近年来极地研究逐渐成为各国关注的焦点。我国在极地规划战略布局、科考基础设施建设和国际科技合作等方面已开展了大量工作。为进一步明确国际极地考察和研究态势以及支撑我国极地科技体系建设，文章从国际合作、科技投入和规划布局等方面分析我国极地研究的现状和进展。研究结果表明:我国极地考察经过30余年的积累，已逐渐形成极地科学考察和研究支撑体系，为极地科学研究奠定坚实的基础；但与其他国家相比，我国极地研究总体起步较晚，还存在一定的差距，亟须从国家战略目标和需求出发，做好顶层规划，构建完善的极地科技体制，推动极地事业的高质量发展。 相似文献
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文章提出了“极地海岸带”这一概念,并从海岸带内涵的视角深入阐述了极地海岸带的定义和范围,全面分析了极地海岸带的特殊性和重要性。从调查监测技术发展和涉及学科领域两个角度梳理总结了与极地海岸带相关的调查监测实践。同时,分析了极地海岸带调查研究的前沿问题,提出了极地海岸带资源生态要素的调查监测发展方向,即充分利用遥感和现场探测手段,以较低成本来探明大空间尺度和长时间序列下的极地海岸带区域资源环境生态要素与时空变化特征。最后,构建了“双源数据挖掘-空间耦合模拟-区域综合评估-影响模拟预测”的知识与技术体系,为我国构建极地海岸带区域资源生态管理与保护政策体系提供科技支撑。 相似文献
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《黄渤海海洋》引文分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
运用文献统计分析方法，通过对海洋科学核心期刊－－《黄渤海海洋》近10a(1992-2001年）间所发表论文的引用文献（包括引文的数量、类型、学科、语种、年代、被引期刊和自引量分布）的统计分析，得出我国海洋科学文献引文的一般规律。 相似文献
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中国南极考察队使用“雪龙”号极地科学考察船已连续 7年进行大洋考察 ,圆满完成了“九五”国家极地科学考察项目。“十五”期间的南大洋海洋科学考察拟以贯彻集中一个重点海域、布设有限固定断面和站位、年年复测和逐步加强走航观测的科学战略。 2 0 0 1年 1 1月 1 5日“雪龙”号从上海启程 ,开始了第 1 8次南极考察 ,将继续进行物理海洋学、海洋化学、海洋生物学和大洋碳循环等学科的考察。“雪龙”号极地科学考察船现已装备有较先进的海洋观测设备 :具有提升重量达 2 2 70 kg、缆长 60 0 0 m的 CTD水文绞车和提升重量达1 t、缆长 1 2 0… 相似文献
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目的：对我国中医医保支付方式的相关研究进行可视化分析,为后续改革及研究提供参考。方法：检索2004年1月1日至2023年10月30日中国知网（CNKI）、万方数据（WANFANG DATA）、维普中文科技期刊数据库（VIP）中与中医医保支付方式相关的文献,运用CiteSpace软件对纳入文献的作者、机构、关键词等信息进行可视化分析。结果：纳入文献346篇,年发文量呈现上升趋势,研究者与机构之间合作较少,发文量最高的作者为程薇,发文量最多机构为北京中医药大学管理学院。高频关键词有“疾病诊断相关分组”“中医医院”“中医优势病种”“中医药”等,生成了9个聚类标签,未来的研究趋势为“疾病诊断相关分组”“中医优势”“支付方式改革”及“医院管理”。结论：目前我国中医医保支付方式的相关研究发展较快,但作者与机构之间合作仍需加强,研究热点聚焦在“疾病诊断相关分组”“临床路径”“中医优势病种”“医疗费用”等方面。 相似文献
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巴西地处南大西洋沿岸特殊的地理位置,深水海洋油气技术先进,产业区域性聚集明显,受极地气候变化影响明显,在此大背景下,巴西政府高度重视海洋与极地发展对其国际地位、政府治理、产业经济和社会稳定的联动影响。近年来,巴西借助部际海洋资源委员会、南极事务委员会等专业管理和决策机构,颁布了一系列海洋与极地战略的政策规划和法律法规,旨在全面推动巴西在全球海洋与极地科技事务中的顶层部署和研究领域,尤其是费拉兹司令南极科学考察站的建成,为巴西参与南极事务奠定了基础设施和支撑。中国可在借鉴巴西海洋与极地事务经验教训的基础上,特别是深水油气开发技术的成功经验上,持续加强与巴西的深层合作,积极寻求两国在海洋与极地科技开发中的相互战略支持,建立和谐稳定的中巴双边科技创新长效合作机制,更加有利于中国海洋与极地科技创新的全面发展。 相似文献
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为有效应对全球气候变化和极地增暖挑战，世界气象组织（WMO）于2013年启动了"极地预报计划"（PPP，2013-2022年），并于2017年启动了PPP的核心行动"极地预报年"（YOPP，2017年中期至2019年中期）。本文对"极地预报计划"和"极地预报年"的相关情况进行了介绍，重点说明了该研究项目支撑下在社会效益、检验、观测、模拟、资料同化、集合预报、可预报性和诊断、全球关联8个领域需要解决的科学问题和开展的工作。同时，探讨了我国借PPP/YOPP实施契机，在极地现场观测、数值预报和信息服务方面需要做出的努力。 相似文献
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AccepMainOceanScienceAreaof"NinthFive"OceanScienceFoundation，NNSFCWangHui;FanYuanbing(DepartmentofEarthScience,NationalNatureScienceFoundationofChina,Beijing100083)从1988年到f992年，在国家自然科学基金委员会（下简称基金委）的统一部署下，海洋科学学科开展了学科发展战略方面的研究工作，并出版了《自然科学学科发展战略调研报告——海洋科学》一书；从1993年至1995年基金委又组织了优先资助领域方面的战略研究工作，公布了国家自然科学基金“九五”优先资助领域。这些都为确立“九五”期间海洋科学基金资助… 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level. 相似文献
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The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献