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1.
矿物3CaO·3Al_2O_3·BaSO_4形成过程研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
ｅｏｒｅａｎｕ等［１］研究ＣａＯＡｌ２Ｏ３Ｍｘ（ＳＯ４）Ｙ［Ｍ＝Ｍｇ２＋、Ｓｒ２＋、Ｂａ２＋、Ｚｎ２＋、Ｆｅ２＋、Ｆｅ３＋、Ａｌ３］系统中,形成类似于矿物３ＣａＯ·３Ａｌ２Ｏ３·ＣａＳＯ４（硫铝酸钙）的可能性时,报道合成了新矿物３ＣａＯ·３Ａｌ２Ｏ３·ＢａＳＯ４（简写为３ＣＡ·ＢａＳＯ４）;部分学者［２,３］研究过它的胶凝性能等。在有关文献中,研究者制备研究用纯矿物的煅烧条件、获得样品的矿相组成不尽相同。如文献［１］在温度１４００℃保温２４０ｍｉｎ,制备的样品包括铝酸钙（ＣａＯ·Ａｌ２Ｏ３… 相似文献
2.
黄山东镁铁超镁铁杂岩中的辉石化学成分研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
通过对黄山东镁铁超镁铁杂岩的辉石化学成分研究，证明辉石的化学成分受寄主岩石类型的制约，从超镁铁岩相到角闪辉长岩相斜方辉石的化学成分由富ＭｇＯ、ＳｉＯ＿２、Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３、Ｃｒ＿２Ｏ＿３到富ＦｅＯ、ＴｉＯ＿２、ＣａＯ、ＭｎＯ；单斜辉石化学成分由富Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３、Ｃｒ＿２Ｏ＿３、Ｎａ＿２Ｏ、ＭｇＯ到富ＦｅＯ、ＭｎＯ、ＣｏＯ。在同一寄主岩石中，单斜辉石比斜方辉石富ＴｉＯ＿２、Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３、Ｃｒ＿２Ｏ＿３、ＣａＯ和Ｎａ＿２Ｏ，贫ＭｇＯ、ＳｉＯ＿２、ＭｎＯ和ＦｅＯ。根据辉石化学成分特征得出黄山东杂岩形成于岛弧环境，为上地幔石榴二辉檄榄岩部分熔融形成的拉斑玄武岩岩浆结晶分异作用的产物。 相似文献
3.
浙西石炭纪层状硅质岩地球化学特征及其意义 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
在浙西石炭纪地层中存在与地层整合产出的层状硅质岩。硅质岩中ＦｅＯ、ＭｎＯ、ＴｉＯ２、Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＭｇＯ、ＣａＯ、Ｎａ２Ｏ、Ｋ２Ｏ等含量相对较高，富集Ａｓ、Ｓｂ、Ｂｉ、Ａｕ、Ａｇ、Ｇａ，Ｆｅ２Ｏ３／ＦｅＯ、ＳｉＯ２／Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＳｉＯ２／（Ｎａ２Ｏ＋Ｋ２Ｏ）、ＳｉＯ２／ＭｇＯ比值较小，稀土元素总量低，Ｃｅ弱负异常，重稀土相对富集，包裹体富含气相组份ＣＨ４、ＣＯ２、Ｎ２、ＣＯ、Ｈ２，具热水沉积硅质岩的地球化学特征。在Ｆｅ—Ｍｎ—（Ｎｉ＋Ｃｏ＋Ｃｕ）三角图及ＳｉＯ２—Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＳｉＯ２—Ｆｅ２Ｏ３图上均属于热水沉积硅质岩。硅质岩中硅、氧同位素也显示其热水成因之特点。硅质岩的硅同位素和稀土元素Ｃｅ／Ｃｅ※值表明本区层状硅质岩主要是在浅海环境下沉积的。硅质岩的形成温度较高，为９８℃～１５２℃ 相似文献
4.
广西煤的常量元素地球化学特征 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
系统分析了广西未变质煤、区域变质煤和热液变质煤的ＳｉＯ２、Ａｌ２Ｏ３、Ｆｅ２Ｏ３、ＭｇＯ、ＣａＯ、Ｎａ２Ｏ、Ｋ２Ｏ、ＴｉＯ２、ＳＯ３。低灰分煤的常量元素主要来自古植物对成土母岩的选择性吸收，具明显的超基性或基性特征。随煤变质程度升高，未变质煤、区域变质煤中的常量元素没有发生迁移，而热液变质煤中的ＳｉＯ２和Ａｌ２Ｏ３相对增加，ＳＯ３和ＣａＯ相对减少。 相似文献
5.
八庙—青山金红石矿床化学成分与成矿关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本矿床是我国金红石矿床重要的成因及工业类型，为具有特定化学成分的岩石在特定变质条件下形成的。本文通过对大量数据的处理，查明了化学成分和成矿的关系，高Ａｌ２Ｏ３，ＭｇＯ，Ｆｅ２Ｏ３＋ＦｅＯ，Ｋ２Ｏ，Ｐ２Ｏ５，Ｈ２Ｏ＾＋，ＭｎＯ，低ＳｉＯ２，ＣａＯ，Ｎａ２Ｏ，ＣＯ２，Ｓ等，利于钛富集；高ＴｉＯ２，ＭｇＯ，Ｐ２Ｏ５，Ｓ，低ＳｉＯ２，ＣａＯ，Ｋ２Ｏ，Ａｌ２Ｏ３，Ｆｅ２Ｏ３／ＦｅＯ，利于金红石形成，高Ｓｆ， 相似文献
6.
胜利油田火山岩辉石中岩浆包裹体成分及有关成因问题 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
对胜利油田火山岩中辉石及其中岩浆包裹体成分的研究表明：ＣＯ２气藏区和非ＣＯ２气藏区新生代火山岩辉石及其中岩浆包裹体成分有明显区别,前者中辉石为普通辉石,成分相对富ＳｉＯ２,而贫Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＴｉＯ２、ＭｇＯ和挥发成分;而后者中辉石为透辉石,成分相对贫ＳｉＯ２和挥发份,而富Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＴｉＯ２和ＭｇＯ。前者岩浆包裹体玻相中富含ＣＯ２,包裹体中的金属子矿物多为黄铁矿;而后者岩浆包裹体玻相中贫ＣＯ２;包裹 相似文献
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安徽月山矿成矿流体中铜,金的迁移形式和沉淀的物理化学条件 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
文章基于矿床地质特征和地球化学热力学理论,计算和讨论了安微月山矽卡岩－热液型铜,金矿田成矿流体中成矿物质的迁移形式和沉淀的物理化学条件,两类矿床的主要成矿阶段,成矿流体中铜主要以氯络合物ＣｕＣｌ、ＣｕＣｌ２＾－、ＣｕＣｌ＾２－３,ＣｕＣｌＯＨ,金主要以硫的络合物Ａｕ２（ＨＳ）２Ｓ＾２－,Ａｕ（ＨＳ）２＾－,ＡｕＨＳ、ＡｕＨ３ＳｉＯ４等形式进行迁移,成矿流体中铜沉淀的主要物化条件是降温及氯离子浓度的 相似文献
10.
由Ｄ．Ｃ．Ｓｍｉｔｈ首先在挪威发现的高压钠质角闪石ｎｙｂｉｔｅ（ＮａＮａ２Ｍｇ３Ａｌ２Ｓｉ７ＡｌＯ２２（ＯＨ）２）在中国苏北也有发现．为ｎｙｂｉｔｅ建议了一个中文名称———灰闪石，并且介绍中国苏北灰闪石的岩相学和矿物化学资料．研究表明，灰闪石变斑晶不是峰变质矿物，而是在富钠榴辉岩抬升早期因含水流体渗入引起结晶的．因此，灰闪石对约束其超高压寄主岩早期退变质ｐＴ路径具有潜在意义 相似文献
11.
M. Spanka T. Mansfeldt R. Bialucha 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2018,15(7):1381-1392
Today, the environmental behavior of steelwork slags is very important for their application. When slags are used as building materials, they can interact with water and soil, with the possibility of leaching of harmful components, e.g., metals such as vanadium or anions such as fluoride. The leachable concentrations of various environmentally relevant parameters have to be below defined limit values, which are given by environmental authorities. In this study, different mineral additives have been investigated for their suitability to reduce chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, and fluoride concentrations in slag eluates, as a basis for planned investigations of the long-term leaching behavior of slag/additive mixtures. Seven mineral additives including iron oxide hydroxide, sludge from aluminum production, triple superphosphate, two water work sludges I and II, zeolite powder, and zeolite granules were tested for their efficiency to sorb trace elements and fluoride from four slag eluates comprising two basic oxygen furnace slags and two electric arc furnace slags. The limit values according to the German Alternative Construction Material Ordinance were used to verify which additives were able to minimize concentrations of trace elements and fluoride in slags eluates. Due to high eluate concentrations, the sludge from aluminum production and the triple superphosphate could be excluded from further investigations. The efficiency of the other additives follows the trend iron oxide hydroxide > water work sludges > zeolites. Particularly, the iron oxide hydroxide and the water work sludge I seem to be appropriate to enhance possible applications of slags with respect to the German regulation. 相似文献
12.
Pilario Costagliola Marco Benvenuti Laura Chiarantini Sara Bianchi Francesco Di Benedetto Mario Paolieri Luca Rossato 《Applied Geochemistry》2008
A significant As anomaly has been reported in the literature for stream sediments and unlithified Quaternary deposits of the Pecora River valley in Southern Tuscany, extending from the “Colline Metallifere” pyrite-base metals district to the Tyrrhenian Sea. The As anomaly spreads over several square kilometers around a core that exceeds 500 ppm. Several source contributions (from natural to anthropogenic) have been invoked to explain the observed As distribution in the Pecora Valley, including the metal-working industry which was active in this area, particularly in Etrusco-Roman times and in the Middle Ages. In order to evaluate the contribution of ancient mining and metallurgical activities in the Pecora Valley to elevated As concentrations in the environment, a detailed mineralogical and geochemical survey of metallurgical slags and smelted ore minerals was undertaken from six different sites through the Pecora Valley: Poggio Butelli (Etrusco-Roman iron slags); Sata Creek, Arialla, Marsiliana, Forra and Cascata sites (all Medieval base metals slags). The As content of Etrusco-Roman slags is relatively low (few tens of ppm), whereas Medieval slags show variable, but higher amounts of base metals (±Ag) (ranging from tens to tens of thousands ppm) and As (up to 267 ppm, with average contents of about 40 ppm). Arsenic is mostly partitioned in sulfides disseminated through the glassy groundmass rather than in solid solution with the glassy matrix. Remnants of the ore used for base metal and Ag smelting during the Middle Ages had the highest As contents (up to about 1000 ppm). 相似文献
13.
Two types of compositionally heterogeneous slags have been found in the wall masonry of the Gothic Castle ruin Obřany. The bright phase is composed of quartz, tridymite, cristobalite, and porous glass, while the dark one also contains feldspars, hercynite, magnetite, clinopyroxenes, and a suite of accessory phases. The bright slags have a similar chemical composition as the mortar from the castle masonry or local sandstones, based on rare earth elements (REE) and other trace element abundances. In contrast, the dark slags are characterized by elevated contents of Al2O3 (15.4–18.6 wt.%) and Fe2O3tot (4.1–10.0 wt.%), and consequently resemble the local clay. The investigated slags are not related to iron metallurgy in terms of their composition and texture. They probably originated in a medieval lime kiln through heat sintering of the inner lining during the burning process under relatively high temperatures (1080–1500°C). Simultaneously, the finding of relics of clinker‐like material together with products of its hydration in the hydraulic mortar from the wall masonry infers the production of hydraulic lime or Roman cement during the construction of the castle in the 14th century. The Obřany Castle appears to represent one of the first applications of hydraulic binders in Moravia. 相似文献
14.
W. Shi H. Li G. Liao G. Pei Y. Lin 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2018,15(11):2337-2348
Arsenic in groundwater is a serious environmental problem. The contamination of groundwater with arsenic has been of utmost concern worldwide. Steel slag is a solid waste generated from steel production. Although steel slags have been used for arsenic removal from water, this process has not been systematically or integratively researched. In this study, the arsenic removal capacity and mechanism were investigated for carbon steel slag, stainless steel slag and Fe-modified stainless steel slag based on an in-depth study. The study also evaluated the potential utilization of different steel slag for regeneration. The maximum adsorption of arsenic on carbon steel slag, stainless steel slag and Fe-modified stainless steel slag was 12.20, 3.17 and 12.82 mg g?1 at 25 °C, respectively. The modification of stainless steel slag by FeC13 can generate more pore structures and larger surface areas, and 300 °C treatment produces the best regeneration efficiency. The ΔG values were negative for all of the steel slags, indicating the spontaneous nature of the adsorption process. The solution pH was a critical parameter for the removal of arsenic for steel slags. Under highly alkaline solution conditions, the mechanism of arsenic removal by carbon steel slag and stainless steel slag can be attributed to chemisorption, including chemical precipitation and coordination reactions, and under weakly alkaline solution conditions, electrostatic interaction and specific adsorption are the arsenic removal mechanisms by Fe-modified stainless steel slag. Regeneration of the Fe-modified stainless steel slag was better achieved than that of the other steel slags in the application of high-temperature treatment. 相似文献
15.
元素-铅同位素示踪在云浮硫铁矿区 土壤铊污染研究中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
不同源区铅同位素的组成不同,因此可以利用铅同位素的这种"指纹"特征来示踪铅的不同源区。近年来铅同位素示踪在研究土壤中相关重金属来源及其运移途径起到独特的作用。由于铊和铅具有相似的地球化学性质,并且在云浮硫铁矿区污染土壤中其分布与铅有很好的相关性,笔者利用铅同位素作为示踪工具探讨了土壤中铊的污染特征,初步研究表明铊污染物主要累积在土壤深度0~16.5cm范围内,深度为16.5cm以下土壤受到废渣中铊污染的影响较小,但废渣周围土壤深度约44cm范围已经受到来自废渣中铊的影响。 相似文献
16.
利用元素总量和Pb同位素示踪技术对广东云浮硫酸厂含Tl黄铁矿冶炼堆渣场周围土壤中Tl的污染程度和迁移行为进行了研究。研究发现堆渣场周围土壤中Tl污染物主要集中于表层土壤约16．5cm深度内,并且表现出沿垂直方向向下迅速下降的特点。堆渣场周围土壤中Tl与Pb呈显著线性相关,表明自然条件下田与Pb在土壤中的迁移相似性,并且都以横向迁移为主。堆渣场固结层周围土壤至少44cm范围已经受到废渣中Tl释放的影响,Tl污染物平均下渗速率达到2．75cm／a。酸性雨水的淋滤作用及废渣自身不断酸化的特性是废渣中．Tl迁移释放入土壤的主要因素,土壤铁氧化物胶体及有机质是土壤对Tl产生吸附的主要载体。 相似文献
17.
贵州黄磷渣的成分特征 总被引：16，自引：1，他引：16
本文讨论了贵州省粒状和块状黄磷渣的成分特征：①不同产地黄磷渣的化学组成均与天然硅灰石矿石的化学组成极为相似，主成分SiO2＋CaO总量达86．74％～94.85％，有害元素含量较低。②块状黄磷渣由环硅灰石、枪晶石与两种自然界罕见的硅酸钙相（Ca8Si5O18和Ca2SiO4）共生。③原生粒状黄磷渣为非晶质体。通过加热实验和红外光谱分析、X射线衍射分析揭示粒状黄磷渣在加热过程中所发生的一系列物相演变。研究表明黄磷渣是一种很有利用前景的非金属矿物资源。 相似文献
18.
Ann Chidester Van Orden 《Engineering Geology》1989,26(4):331-349
Corrosion is the destructive reaction of metals with their environment. The environment associated with a waste container is an extremely complex one, creating many possibilities for corrosion of the waste container. The different basic types of corrosion are governed by different equations and reactions. Schematic drawings and photographs illustrate the mechanisms of corrosion and factors which influence the forms of corrosion are outlined. There are techniques for testing the susceptibility to certain types of corrosion, and some standard test procedures have been developed. Predictive models have been proposed for crevice corrosion, stress corrosion cracking and scale formation. Existing models and extrapolations are all subject to limits on their applicability. 相似文献
19.
Three types of smelting slags originating from historically different smelting technologies in the Tsumeb area (Namibia) were studied: (i) slags from processing of carbonate/oxide ore in a Cu–Pb smelter (1907–1948), (ii) slags from Cu and Pb smelting of sulphide ores (1963–1970) and (iii) granulated Cu smelting slags (1980–2000). Bulk chemical analyses of slags were combined with detailed mineralogical investigation using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDS) and electron microprobe (EPMA). The slags are significantly enriched in metals and metalloids: Pb (0.97–18.4 wt.%), Cu (0.49–12.2 wt.%), Zn (2.82–12.09 wt.%), Cd (12–6940 mg/kg), As (930–75,870 mg/kg) and Sb (67–2175 mg/kg). Slags from the oldest technology are composed of primary Ca- and Pb-bearing feldspars, spinels, complex Cu–Fe and Cu–Cr oxides, delafossite–mcconnellite phases and Ca–Pb arsenates. The presence of arsenates indicates that these slags underwent long-term alteration. More recent slags are composed of high-temperature phases: Ca–Fe alumosilicates (olivine, melilite), Pb- and Zn-rich glass, spinel oxides and small sulphide/metallic inclusions embedded in glass. XRD and SEM/EDS were used to study secondary alteration products developed on the surface of slags exposed for decades to weathering on the dumps. Highly soluble complex Cu–Pb–(Ca) arsenates (bayldonite, lammerite, olivenite, lavendulan) associated with litharge and hydrocerussite were detected. To determine the mineralogical and geochemical parameters governing the release of inorganic contaminants from slags, two standardized short-term batch leaching tests (European norm EN 12457 and USEPA TCLP), coupled with speciation-solubility modelling using PHREEQC-2 were performed. Arsenic in the leachate exceeded the EU regulatory limit for hazardous waste materials (2.5 mg/L). The toxicity limits defined by USEPA for the TCLP test were exceeded for Cd, Pb and As. The PHREEQC-2 calculation predicted that complex arsenates are the most important solubility controls for metals and metalloids. Furthermore, these phases can readily dissolve during the rainy season (October to March) and flush significant amounts of As, Pb and Cu into the environment in the vicinity of slag dumps. 相似文献
20.
L. Bláhová Z. Navrátilová M. Mucha E. Navrátilová V. Neděla 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2018,15(4):697-706
The removal of Cu(II) and Pb(II) was studied on two types of slags (blast furnace and steelmaking slag) and their modifications prepared by leaching with demineralized water (with contact time 24 and 48 h) and 0.001 mol L?1 HCl solution. The slags and their modifications were characterized by x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and the specific surface area was measured. Environmental scanning electron microscope was used to study the microscopic changes of the slags. The highest removal amounts of Cu(II) were found on the blast furnace slag leached for 48 h. This fact can be explained by the higher specific surface area of the leached blast furnace slag; the removal of Cu(II) is supposed to take place by co-precipitation of its hydroxides or hydroxo-complexes on the slag surface. On the contrary, the modified steelmaking slags exhibit no improvement of the removal properties. The used treatment of the slags decreased the sorption capacities for Pb(II). The original steelmaking slag showed to be the best adsorbent for both metal cations. 相似文献