甘肃北山老金厂金矿床载金矿物特征、原位硫同位素组成及其对成矿的指示意义     

黄式庭  于晓飞  吕志成  刘家军  李永胜  杜泽忠  吕鑫  孙海瑞  杜轶伦 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2020,50(5):1387-1403

老金厂金矿床是北山成矿南带最具代表性的中低温岩浆热液型金矿床之一，其规模为中型。依据脉体穿插、矿物共生组合和矿石结构构造等特征，将矿床矿化作用过程划分为石英-黄铁矿阶段（Ⅰ）、石英-含砷黄铁矿-毒砂阶段（Ⅱ）、石英-黄铁矿-多金属硫化物阶段（Ⅲ）和石英-方解石阶段（Ⅳ）。利用电子探针研究了不同成矿阶段载金矿物的元素组成及其分布规律。Ⅰ阶段：黄铁矿以粗粒自形立方体为主，粒度为0.50~1.50 mm，贫As、Au；毒砂含量极少，呈细粒他形。Ⅱ阶段：含砷黄铁矿周围常有大量毒砂产出，含砷黄铁矿多为立方体、五角十二面体，粒度为0.30~1.00 mm，富As、Au；该阶段矿化最为强烈，毒砂主要形成于此时期，多呈棱柱状、柱状、放射状集合体，显示富S亏As特征。Ⅲ阶段：多以黄铁矿-黄铜矿-闪锌矿共生组合脉的形式产出，黄铁矿多呈长条状，以富S、Cu、Zn、Au和贫Fe、As为特征。Ⅳ阶段：矿化作用极弱，毒砂、黄铁矿含量极少，为细粒他形。原位硫同位素组成显示：Ⅰ阶段黄铁矿δ³⁴S_V-CDT值为-3.8‰~-2.9‰，均值为-3.3‰；Ⅱ阶段黄铁矿和毒砂δ³⁴S_V-CDT值为-4.7‰~2.6‰，均值为-3.3‰；Ⅲ阶段黄铁矿和闪锌矿δ³⁴S_V-CDT值主要分布于-1.9‰~1.0‰之间，均值为0.1‰。此3个阶段硫同位素组成反映了成矿期硫主要来源于幔源岩浆，混入了部分地层硫。综合前人研究成果，认为成矿早期至晚期，成矿流体总体上由富S贫As向富As贫S演化。Ⅰ阶段体系处于中性稳定的环境，硫源充足；Ⅱ阶段为贫S富As的高氧逸度环境，由于大气降水对地层的淋滤渗透，混入富As流体，Au可能与As结合形成Au-As络合物，在成矿有利部位富集沉淀；Ⅲ阶段成矿元素种类丰富，体系为富S贫As的弱还原环境，Au很可能与HS^-、S^-形成络合物进入黄铁矿晶格。  相似文献   

Effects of probiotic on microfloral structure of live feed used in larval breeding of turbot Scophthalmus maximus     

姜燕  张正  王印庚  景亚运  廖梅杰  荣小军  李彬  陈贵平  张和森 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2018,(3)

The effects of an exogenous probiotic( Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) on microbial community structure of B ranchionus plicatils and A rtemia sinica were evaluated in this study during turbot( Scophthalmus maximus) larval breeding. The analysis and comparison of the microfloral composition of live feed with probiotic was conducted using the Illumina HiSeq PE250. The abundance of microbial species and diversity of microflora in live feed with B. amyloliquefaciens were higher than those in the control. The microfloral composition was similar among the three replicate experimental groups of B. plicatils compared with the control after enrichment. L actococcus, Pseudoalteromonas, and Alteromonas were always dominant. Additionally, some other bacterial species became dominant during the enrichment process. The microbial community during nutrient enrichment of A. sinica was rather similar among the three control replicates. Relative abundance of Cobetia sp., the most dominant species, was 54%–65.2%. Similarity in the microbial community was still high after adding B. amyloliquefaciens. Furthermore, P seudoalteromonas and Alteromonas replaced Cobetia as the dominant species, and the abundance of Cobetia decreased to 4.3%–25.3%. Mean common ratios at the operational taxonomic unit level were 50%–60% between the two B. plicatils and A. sinica treatments. Therefore, the microbial community structure changed after adding B. amyloliquefaciens during nutrient enrichment of B. plicatils or A. sinica and tended to stabilize. Additionally, the abundance of V ibrio in any kind of live feed was not significantly dif ferent from that in the control. These results will help improve the microflora of B. plicatils and A. sinica and can be used to understand the multiple-level transfer role of probiotic species among probiotic products, microflora of live feed, and fish larvae.  相似文献   

全球粮食安全格局的时空演化     

蔡建明  马恩朴  林静  廖柳文  韩燕 《地理学报(英文版)》2020,30(2):179-196

Food security is the primary prerequisite for achieving other Millennium Development Goals(MDGs).Given that the MDG of“halving the proportion of hungers by 2015”was not realized as scheduled,it will be more pressing and challenging to reach the goal of zero hunger by 2030.So there is high urgency to find the pattern and mechanism of global food security from the perspective of spatio-temporal evolution.In this paper,based on the analysis of database by using a multi-index evaluation method and radar map area model,the global food security level for 172 countries from 2000 to 2014 were assessed;and then spatial autocorrelation analysis was conducted to depict the spatial patterns and changing characteristics of global food security;then,multi-nonlinear regression methods were employed to identify the factors affecting the food security patterns.The results show:1)The global food security pattern can be summarized as“high-high aggregation,low-low aggregation”.The most secure countries are mainly distributed in Western Europe,North America,Oceania and parts of East Asia.The least secure countries are mainly distributed in sub-Saharan Africa,South Asia and West Asia,and parts of Southeast Asia.2)Europe and sub-Saharan Africa are hot and cold spots of the global food security pattern respectively,while in non-aggregation areas,Haiti,North Korea,Tajikistan and Afghanistan have long-historical food insecurity problems.3)The pattern of global food security is generally stable,but the internal fluctuations in the extremely insecure groups were significant.The countries with the highest food insecurity are also the countries with the most fluctuated levels of food security.4)The annual average temperature,per capita GDP,proportion of people accessible to clean water,political stability and non-violence levels are the main factors influencing the global food security pattern.Research shows that the status of global food security has improved since the year 2000,yet there are still many challenges such as unstable global food security and acute regional food security issues.It will be difficult to understand these differences from a single factor,especially the annual average temperature and annual precipitation.The abnormal performance of the above factors indicates that appropriate natural conditions alone do not absolutely guarantee food security,while the levels of agricultural development,the purchasing power of residents,regional accessibility,as well as political and economic stability have more direct influence.  相似文献   

湖北武汉岩溶塌陷易发性评价          下载免费PDF全文

涂婧  刘长宪  姜超  郑晓明  熊志涛  廖明政  李海涛 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2020,31(4):94-99

近年来,武汉市岩溶塌陷地质灾害时有发生,给城市建设和人民生命财产造成了一定的损失,严重制约了武汉市社会经济的发展。为了提出科学合理的岩溶塌陷地质灾害防治措施和保障城市化进程的顺利进行,开展岩溶塌陷易发性评价是一项十分重要的工作。本文在武汉市岩溶塌陷调查成果的基础上,采用层次分析法和综合指数法相结合,对武汉市主要城区的岩溶塌陷易发性进行了评价,为制定武汉市岩溶塌陷地质灾害防治措施奠定了坚实的基础。  相似文献   

海草床鱼类群落结构的时空变化及其在热带海草床中的育幼     

杜建国  王彦国  PERISTIWADY Teguh  廖建基  MAKATIPU Petrus Christianus  HUWAE Ricardo  鞠培龙  LOH Kar Hoe  陈彬 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(12):63-72

本文以印尼北苏拉威西东部的潟湖为对象，研究了热带海草床鱼类群落的种类组成和时空变化。研究发现当地鱼类的香农-威纳指数在1.57-3.69之间多样性相对较高。在科水平，天竺鲷科的丰度（8.27 ind./（100 m²））和生物量（28.49 g/（100 m²））最高。在物种水平，侧带天竺鲷（Apogon lateralis）的丰度最高，环纹圆天竺鲷（Sphaeramia orbicularis）的生物量最大。对于物种的空间变化，潟湖湖顶、湖中和湖口首先聚类在一起，这可能是由于基质类型引起的。干季和湿季的鱼类种类、丰度和生物量均比转换季高，这可能是由较强的季风造成的，强季风为鱼类提供了更适宜的环境和食物。93.1%的鱼类的最大体长小于它们的性成熟体长，暗示了海草床是很多鱼类的育幼场。因此，保护海草床对渔业和资源的可持续利用至关重要。  相似文献   

高温高压条件下彭灌杂岩的强度对汶川地震发震机制的启示   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

牛露  周永胜  姚文明  邵同宾  马玺  党嘉祥  何昌荣 《地球物理学报》2018,61(5):1728-1740

采用汶川地震震源区彭灌杂岩中代表性细粒花岗岩样品，在固体围压介质三轴实验系统上开展了高温高压流变实验研究.实验的温度和压力条件按照龙门山断层带5~30 km深度对应的温度和压力（静岩压）设定.利用偏光显微镜和扫描电镜对实验样品进行微观结构观察.实验结果表明，实验样品在10~20 km深度都具有很高的强度，彭灌杂岩在该深度处于脆性破裂-脆塑性转化域，而在20~30 km实验样品强度显著降低，彭灌杂岩进入塑性流变域，这与流变结构中的极限强度很接近.以花岗岩为代表的彭灌杂岩的破裂强度决定了中上地壳的强度，在15~20 km深度不仅强度达到最大值，而且控制了断层不稳定滑动，具备地震成核条件.因此，把彭灌杂岩强度随深度变化规律与流变结构和滑动稳定性参数（a-b）结合起来得出，彭灌杂岩在15~20 km的高强度是汶川地震的孕育和发生的必要条件.  相似文献   

辽东黄花甸地区古元古代变辉绿岩的特征及成因     

陈木森  董永胜  王鹏森  王成志 《世界地质》2020,39(2)

对辽东黄花甸地区南辽河群中分布的变辉绿岩进行岩相学、年代学和地球化学研究,以确定这些变辉绿岩的地球化学特征和成因,进一步揭示南辽河群古元古代的构造演化。岩相学特征表明该变辉绿岩发生绿片岩相变质作用。野外地质特征和样品的ICP—MS锆石U—Pb年代学显示,变辉绿岩捕获锆石的年龄与南辽河群碎屑及变质锆石相一致,这期岩浆作用发生在区域变质作用之后;全岩XRF和ICP-MS分析表明,变辉绿岩属于钙碱性系列(σ=1.03～3.00),亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、U),富集大离子亲石元素(K、Pb)和轻稀土元素(∑LREE=71.3×10~(-6)～115.5×10~(-6)),变辉绿岩的岩浆来源于遭受了俯冲带流体改造的亏损地幔,且经历了陆壳物质的混染。变辉绿岩形成于南辽河群造山后的伸展环境。顺时针的P—T—t轨迹更符合南辽河群的构造演化过程。  相似文献   

新旧宗地统一编码数据库转换自动化方法研究     

罗杰  王君萍  岳永胜 《测绘与空间地理信息》2019,42(7)

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甘肃柳园地区早二叠世正长花岗斑岩脉锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学特征——对北山造山带晚古生代构造背景的指示     

孙海瑞  吕志成  于晓飞  李永胜  杜泽忠  吕鑫  公凡影 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2020,50(5):1433-1449

甘肃北山地区位于中亚造山带中段，是诠释中亚造山带构造演化的关键区域之一，长期以来受到地质学界的广泛关注。柳园地区位于甘肃北山南带，区内脉岩发育，这些岩脉的研究可以为阐释北山造山带晚古生代构造背景提供更多证据。基于此，本文选取位于甘肃柳园地区的正长花岗斑岩脉开展了系统的锆石U-Pb-Hf同位素和全岩主量、微量元素分析。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb分析显示，岩脉侵位于早二叠世（（288.5±1.4）Ma）。全岩地球化学分析显示，正长花岗斑岩脉的SiO₂和全碱质量分数较高，Fe、Mg、Ca、Al和P质量分数较低，Rb、Th、U和Pb相对富集，Ba、Nb、La、Ce、Sr和Ti等元素相对亏损，Eu负异常显著，具有较高的Rb/Sr值和较低的K/Rb值及锆石饱和温度（730~844℃，集中于740℃左右），显示该岩脉为高钾钙碱性高分异I型花岗岩，并具有俯冲带岩浆活动的地球化学特征。正长花岗斑岩脉具有较低的Zr/Hf值（18.42~28.01，平均值为22.37）和Th/U值（3.82~7.99，平均值为5.34），与平均地壳组分接近，锆石ε_Hf（t）值为2.94~9.66，平均值为5.72，T_DM2值为955~611 Ma，指示源区主体为新元古代地壳的部分熔融，并存在幔源物质加入。根据构造判别图解并结合前人关于二叠纪区域构造变形、盆地沉积物源、岩浆演化等方面的研究结果，笔者认为该正长花岗斑岩脉形成于俯冲作用过程中的局部伸展环境，并认为北山地区增生造山事件至少持续到早二叠世。  相似文献   

渤海湾牡蛎礁的研究现状与保护建议     

李建芬  商志文  陈永胜  田立柱  姜兴钰  王福  胡云壮  李勇  杨朋  文明征  袁海帆  施佩歆  王宏 《华北地质》2020,43(4)

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