共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
广东省地质灾害主要以崩塌、滑坡等斜坡类地质灾害为主,规模多为小型,多发生在粤北、珠三角地区。受地形坡度的控制明显,坡度为60～70°的地段最易发生崩塌,坡度为30～50°时最易发生滑坡。斜坡类地质灾害的发生与降雨、人类活动最为密切。因人为活动直接或间接引发的地质灾害占比超过86%,其中削坡开挖是引发地质灾害最多的人类活动,占比90%以上。约92%的地质灾害发生在4—9月,其中6月暴发频率最高。当日降雨量大于150 mm时,崩塌、滑坡、泥石流发生的概率显著上升。 相似文献
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2013年7月,延安市发生了自1945年有气象记录以来,强度最大、持续时日最长且间隔时间最短的强降雨。在此过程中,区内沟壑斜坡发育大量的滑坡地质灾害。通过野外调查和典型重大滑坡地质灾害隐患点工程地质勘查,分析了滑坡体形成原因和影响因素。结果显示:坡度角大于28°、坡体形态为阶梯型和复合型、有第四系坡积黄土堆积的斜坡在持续强降雨作用下产生滑坡地质灾害的概率高,同时当降雨量大于100 mm、土体浸湿深度大于55 cm时,产生坡面泥流灾害的可能性大。因此,黄土地区(延安)新建工程应避免在坡度陡、坡形复杂、坡积黄土较厚的斜坡危害区内选址,在降雨期间应密切监测降雨量,及时撤离疏散易发区内群众。 相似文献
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在浙江省地质灾害空间分布特征研究中引入了多重分形方法,基于分形理论研究地质灾害分布的影响因素。研究结果表明：浙江省地质灾害空间分布具有明显的分形特征,西北和东南地区发育较强烈;浙江省地质灾害空间分布与水系分布、降水量、地形坡度、坡高、地层岩性、道路分布及地形地貌有关,其中在降雨量为2232～2565mm、坡度为25°～... 相似文献
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基于Ward系统聚类方法的黄河上游干流地区滑坡分类及其特征分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
黄河上游干流地区滑坡分布广、规模大、体积大、突发性强,是我国乃至世界上非常有代表性的滑坡集中分布区。选取了坡顶、坡脚、岩性、长度、宽度、厚度、面积、体积、坡度、坡向、年均降雨量、日最大降雨量、原始斜坡坡高和原始斜坡坡度,采用Ward聚类分析法对126处滑坡样本进行分析,得到4类滑坡。在此基础上,分别统计分析了每类滑坡的各个指标的最大值、最小值、平均值和标准差,以定性和定量相结合的方法,分析了各类滑坡隐含的特征规律以及滑坡指标之间的相互联系。通过综合分析和对比得出了各个指标影响滑坡发育的显著程度,得出了滑坡的发育特征。并通过因子分析计算了各类滑坡的旋转成份矩阵,确定了影响各类滑坡发育的主次因素。研究结果表明:(1)第一类滑坡由坡顶和坡脚主导,坡顶在2 450~3 020 m,坡脚在1 980~2 905 m;(2)第二类滑坡发育主要受原始斜坡坡度控制,多数处于易发生滑坡的坡度范围30°~40°;(3)第三类滑坡主要受坡向和原始斜坡坡高的影响,多数滑坡位于阳坡,并且原始斜坡坡高在100~500 m;(4)第四类滑坡主要影响因素是坡度和日最大降雨量,坡体的坡度处于易发生滑坡的35°~37.5°范围内,滑坡所在区域的日最大降雨量大。研究结果证明Ward系统聚类对于该地区滑坡类型划分结果是有效的,具有一定的实用价值。 相似文献
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根据福安市地质灾害复核调查的资料,统计分析了该市十多年来地质灾害发生的现状,研究地质灾害发生与地形（地貌）、岩土体、降雨、人类工程活动等因素的密切关系,总结出大多数地质灾害点分布于自然坡度为25°～45°的陡坡地段,滑坡崩塌发生多为5～8月份的雨季或台风暴雨季节,人类工程活动致灾因素主要是削坡建房等,并提出相关的防治建... 相似文献
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四川雅安市雨城区降雨诱发滑坡临界值初步研究 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
李媛 《水文地质工程地质》2005,32(1):26-29
四川省雅安市雨城区位于四川盆地西部,素有"雨城"之称。地质灾害以滑坡为主,且有群发性、浅层、规模小、降雨诱发的特点。作者分析了雨城区大量历史滑坡和降雨量数据,结合雨城区滑坡发育特点,选择3日(72h)内发生2个以上滑坡的点作为统计分析样本,进行不同阶段降雨量耦合关系分析,应用滑坡前3日累计降雨量与3日前15日累计降雨量,建立了滑坡发生与降雨量的统计关系:在雨城区,当前期无降雨、3日累计降雨量达到70mm时,将有滑坡发生;15日累计降雨量达到339mm时,也将可能出现滑坡。 相似文献
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山区地质灾害不仅破坏山区环境,损毁耕地、房屋及公共设施,还威胁人民的生命和财产安全,制约山区经济发展.为减轻地质灾害的发生和降低人类生命财产的损失和环境的破坏,提高马边县地质灾害区的防灾减灾能力,通过野外调查、数据统计和GIS空间分析等方法,运用定性和定量结合法研究了马边县地质灾害时空分布与地形地貌、地质构造、降雨条件等3大类和海拔、坡向、坡度、坡型、岩性、断裂、降雨和人为活动8小类因素的关系.结果表明：1）马边县地质灾害以滑坡灾害为主,崩塌次之,泥石流最少,在时间上和空间上分布具有不均匀性;2）地形地貌因子敏感区间为海拔700～900 m之间,坡向为东和东南向,坡度为20～25°之间,坡型为凸型坡为主;3）地质构造因子敏感区间是岩性以泥岩为主,构造带以距离断层中心线小于1 km范围为主;4）降雨量的敏感区间在低山区为1 100～1 300 mm之间,中高山区为1 300～1 500 mm之间;5）人为活动因素已不可忽视． 相似文献
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喜马拉雅山东南地区地质灾害发育规律初步研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用遥感手段,结合MapGis,研究了喜马拉雅山东南地区地质灾害的发育情况,发现本区发育的主要地质灾害有滑坡、崩塌、泥石流、冰湖以及堰塞湖。其中崩塌、滑坡、泥石流斜坡地质灾害是本区最重要的地质灾害类型,占到总灾害数量的95.3%。在此基础上对喜马拉雅山东南地区地质灾害发育规律初步研究,发现本区地质灾害的发育在空间上的分布并非均匀,而是具有丛集性的特点。滑坡灾害主要发育在隆子和朗县。泥石流灾害比较严重的有米林、隆子和洛扎3县,而崩塌则主要集中在隆子县。研究发现,本区滑坡发育与地层、地形坡度以及土地类型关系密切,其中修康群、日当组和念青唐古拉群是本区的易滑地层。涅如组由于面积大,其中发育的滑坡较多,但是滑坡的发育率只略高于本区的平均水平。统计表明,16～30的坡度范围是滑坡最容易发生的。大于45以上的坡段很少发生滑坡。灌木林和天然草地这两种土地类型滑坡发育率最高。对于泥石流,研究表明,涅如组中泥石流发育面积最大,发育率也最高。泥石流发育的最适宜坡度也是16～30这样一个坡度范围。冰川和永久积雪区则最易发生泥石流。崩塌发育与地层类型、坡度的关系较为密切,崩塌主要发育在涅如组中,并且集中在坡度大于60以上的陡坡段中。这些初步成果的取得,是以后进行该区地质灾害空间预测的基础。 相似文献
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黄土高原区地形与植被分布规律对滑坡发生概率的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
黄土高原区自然斜坡的地形与植被条件对滑坡的发生有一定的促进和抑制作用。通过将研究区划分为31 418个自然斜坡单元,利用ArcGIS区域统计功能提取斜坡单元的地形和植被参数,分析研究区斜坡的坡体形态和植被空间分布规律。依据区内292处滑坡调查点的资料,统计分析不同坡体形态下的滑坡发生概率。分析结果表明,研究区正向类的凸型和直线型斜坡发生滑坡的概率明显高于负向类的凹型和阶梯型边坡;随着斜坡坡度和坡高增大,发生滑坡的概率增大;阳坡发生滑坡的概率明显高于其他坡向的边坡;随着NDVI增大,滑坡发生概率显著降低。 相似文献
11.
Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
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Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
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The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
14.
Muriel Rocher Stéphane Baize Stéphane Jaillet Edward Marc Cushing Yannick Lozac&#x;h Francis Lemeille 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(8):701-708
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
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正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level 相似文献
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正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7), 相似文献
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正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci- 相似文献
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正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli- 相似文献
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正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.) 相似文献