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在铁路测量中,长度投影变形要求小于2．5cm／km。但是由于铁路为典型的线性工程,通常横跨多个投影带,因此采用国家标准3。带难以满足铁路测量精度要求,本文通过分析高斯投影长度变形,提出分段建立独立坐标系的方法,控制长度投影变形,满足精度要求,最后介绍利用GlobalMapper软件实现两个独立坐标系的转换。 相似文献
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《测绘科学技术学报》2013,(6)
在控制范围及相对高差较大的区域中,无论怎样选取城市独立坐标系,都会使部分区域的高斯投影变形超过2.5 cm/km。本文提出一种新的确定城市独立坐标系的最优化方法一加权蛮力搜索法,以投影变形加权平方和最小为依据,采用蛮力算法确定最优的城市独立坐标系,使得高斯投影变形超过2.5 cm/km的区域最小并集中在次要地区(权重较小的地区)。本文以吉林省延吉市独立坐标系的建立为例,研究了加权蛮力搜索法的实现途径和计算方法,并分析采用最佳城市独立坐标系后,高斯投影变形的改善情况。 相似文献
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为解决国外港口工程测量中UTM投影变形问题,比较了UTM投影与高斯-克吕格投影的异同点,推演了UTM投影的长度变形的计算公式,探讨了一种建立独立坐标系的方法,并用工程实例证明此方法的可行性。 相似文献
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两江新区东部区域位于重庆市独立坐标中东带结合部,无论采用重庆市独立坐标系中带还是东带,每千米边长高斯投影长度变形都在1．0～4．0 cm之间,超出规范规定。本文研究并确定控制两江新区投影变形的最终方案,建立了两江新区工程坐标系与重庆市独立坐标系的坐标转换关系,提出并编程实现了DXF格式地形图的坐标转换方法。 相似文献
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一项工程的开始首先要选择正确的坐标系统,坐标系统选择得是否合适对整个工程质量至关重要,因此,我们要把坐标系统的选择作为首要重点工作对待。对于项目工程而言,建立独立坐标系统的目的是使投影长度变形控制在允许的误差范围之内。高斯-克吕格投影所建立的平面坐标系,或简称高斯平面直角坐标系,是大地测量、城市测量、普通测量、各种工程测量和地图制图中广泛采用的一种平面直角坐标系。本文根据正形投影的长度综合形变公式,推导出最佳方法。理论和实践均表明,该方法简洁、有效,能较好地抑制投影过程中的边长形变。本文就工程实践,介绍一种选取方法,研究建立城市抵偿坐标系解决变形问题。 相似文献
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焦宝文 《测绘与空间地理信息》2021,44(z1):198-199,205
当工程测量投影长度变形超限时,一般要建立独立坐标系.基于高斯投影3°带,以测区抵偿高程面为投影面建立独立坐标系是比较常用的方法.通过实例,本文对投影于测区抵偿高程面上的坐标计算公式进行了详细推导,仅供同行们参考. 相似文献
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采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的
污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体
污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。 相似文献
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Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
C. Bhuiyan R.P. Singh F.N. Kogan 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2006,8(4):289-302
The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw. 相似文献
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Piyoosh Rautela Ramesh Chandra Lakhera 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2000,2(3-4)
The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies. 相似文献
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ZHAN F. Benjamin 《地球空间信息科学学报》2011,(1)
Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200... 相似文献
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GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议. 相似文献
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自动车辆定位导航系统中传感器的误差分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对国界定位导航系统中几种常见的辅助传感器所产生的误差进行了分析，导出了不同传感器的误差模型。这些误差模型是估计车辆位置的扩展卡尔曼滤波器的基础，同时也为选择适当的传感器提供了理论根据。 相似文献
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“4D”技术及其应用 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(1):66-87
Abstract Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised. 相似文献