共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 421 毫秒
1.
讨论了射电天线用于天文观测和VLBI大地测量时的几项性能参数;列出了我国现有射电天线组成系统时的工作性能和观测精度;计算了利用我国现有射电天线与FAST天线组成基线进行观测时的系统性能以及所要求射电源的最低流量密度.由此可以看出FAST天线用于VLBI观测具有巨大潜力. 相似文献
2.
流动VLBI天线系统噪声温度及天线效率测量 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
我国自行研制的第一套流动VLBI系统——DCW—01型流动VLBI测量仪，目前已在国家重大科学工程“中国地壳运动观测网络”中投入使用。在流动VLBI的观测试验中，天线系统噪声温度和天线效率是观测前系统调试和检测的两项重要内容。天线系统噪声温度是衡量流动VLBI观测系统内部噪声程度的特性指标；天线效率反映了天线系统对到达天线能量的刊用率，在很多计算公式中是一个很重要的参数。因此，精确地测量它们的值是进行相关处理和计算的前提。文中结合我国流动VLBI观测站的研制与建设，介绍了流动VLBI测量仪的天线及接收机系统，并详细阐述了其天线系统噪声温度和天线效率的测量。 相似文献
3.
我国自行研制的第一套流动VLBI系统--DCW-01型流动VLBI测量仪,目前已在国家重大科学工程"中国地壳运动观测网络"中投入使用.在流动VLBI的观测试验中,天线系统噪声温度和天线效率是观测前系统调试和检测的两项重要内容.天线系统噪声温度是衡量流动VLBI观测系统内部噪声程度的特性指标;天线效率反映了天线系统对到达天线能量的利用率,在很多计算公式中是一个很重要的参数.因此,精确地测量它们的值是进行相关处理和计算的前提.文中结合我国流动VLBI观测站的研制与建设,介绍了流动VLBI测量仪的天线及接收机系统,并详细阐述了其天线系统噪声温度和天线效率的测量. 相似文献
4.
本讲座第八讲和第九讲的甚长基线干涉测量（VLBI）技术，不仅能够提供精度极高的三维基线，而且能够为地面测量提供永恒的类星体方向，从而建立惯性坐标系。但是，VLBI系统非常庞大，造价太高，迫使其向小型化发展。为此，美国加州理工学院“喷气推进实验室”研制了9米天线，建立移动站。固定的VLBI站与一个（或几个）移动站联合观测，就构成“天文射电干涉测地系统（ARIES）”。在此基础上，麦克唐纳和康塞曼等人提出观测GPS的信号进行射 相似文献
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本文采用直接法推导了射电天线轴系误差的指向改正模型的完全表达式,统一了轴系误差指向改正模型与L?sler归心测量模型中共有轴系参数的定义,建立了射电天线指向测量模型与归心测量模型中天线方位轴倾角参数间的联系,从而实现了利用射电天线方位轴信息测定VLBI测站垂线偏差(DOV)的方法.该方法不依赖专用DOV测量设备,仅需天线不定期维护的指向校正测量数据和包含水准测量的归心测量数据,是一种直接测量法.用多种DOV测量方法对采用本方法测得DOV进行符合度验证,初步结果表明:DOV卯酉分量与实测值一致.DOV子午分量与实测值在方向上一致,数值上存在一定差异,这是因为天线指向校正测量时射电源在测站天区南北分布不均匀.今后将进一步通过优化天线指向修正测量,实现利用VLBI天线方位轴信息对VLBI站的DOV的高精度测定. 相似文献
7.
针对我国500 m球面射电望远镜天线(FAST),提出了一体化天文轨迹规划;给出了详细的数学模型及推导分析.相对于当前采用的FAST轨迹规划,该方法使得馈源位置和反射面位置的控制误差可以相互补偿.指出当馈源系统和反射面系统具有相同的测控延迟误差时,并不影响FAST天线的性能. 相似文献
8.
《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2010,(12)
介绍了2008年中国科学院上海天文台佘山25 m VLBI射电天线的归心测量方案、观测及资料处理情况。此次测量在资料解析方法上提出了改进,通过坐标系变换,把三维拟合问题转换为二维平面问题,有效控制了观测噪声的影响,确保了参数解的精度和稳定性。 相似文献
9.
根据毫秒脉冲星计时测量和深空导航应用的基本原理,分析了对脉冲星位置、自行和视差等天体测量参数的VLBI测量精度需求,讨论了我国VLBI网的现有观测能力和不足及可能的改进途径,包括天线后端配置、时钟同步和数据互相关处理等。 相似文献
10.
分析了天测与测地甚长基线干涉测量（very long baseline interferometry,VLBI）观测频率设置的必要性,重点分析了Ka波段观测的利弊。相比于X波段,Ka波段观测的优点包括河外源更致密、核移效应更小,更有利于提高射电天球参考架的实现精度以及与天体物理学全球天体测量干涉仪（global astrometric interferometer for astrophysics,Gaia）计划准惯性光学参考架的连接精度。在深空探测方面的优点表现为遥测数据率高,VLBI跟踪测量精度高,更有利于减小大气电离层和太阳等离子体对测量时延的不利影响。缺点包括河外源相对较弱,天线反射面精度和指向精度要求较高,大气吸收和辐射效应的影响更大等,但是这些因素所造成的系统灵敏度的降低有望通过高数据率采样而得到补偿。结合我国VLBI技术现状提出了发展建议。 相似文献
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针对我国 VL BI观测网对射电源的特殊要求 ,给出了现有备选射电源的列表和天球分布图 ,提出了扩充备选射电源数量的必要性。结合 2 0 0 0年 1月“上海 -昆明基线”试观测 ,在原有的 12个备选射电源的基础上 ,又增选了 4个。观测及计算结果显示 ,12个备选源中 ,有 11个的信噪比和相关流量都很好 ,1个勉强能用 ;4个增选的源中 ,有 3个达到指标 ,应放入以后的备选源中。 相似文献
12.
European geodetic very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) sessions (also known as EUROPE sessions) have been carried out
on a regular basis for the past 15 years to study relative crustal motions within Europe. These sessions are based on observations
of extragalactic radio sources, which serve as distant fiducial marks to establish an accurate and stable celestial reference
frame for long-term geodetic measurements. The radio sources, however, are not always point-like on milliarcsecond scales,
as VLBI imaging has revealed. In this work, we quantify the magnitude of the expected effect of intrinsic source structure
on geodetic bandwidth synthesis delay VLBI measurements for a subset of 14 sources regularly observed during the EUROPE sessions.
These sources have been imaged at both X-band (8.4 GHz) and S-band (2.3 GHz) based on dedicated observations acquired with
the European VLBI Network (EVN) in November 1996. The results of this calculation indicate that the reference source 0457+024
causes significant structural effects in measurements obtained on European VLBI baselines (about 10 picoseconds on average),
whereas most of the other sources produce effects that are only occasionally larger than a few picoseconds. Applying the derived
source structure models to the data of the EUROPE5-96 session carried out at the same epoch as the EVN experiment shows no
noticeable changes in the estimated VLBI station locations. 相似文献
13.
Temperature variations at very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) sites cause thermal deformations of the VLBI antennas and
corresponding displacements of the VLBI reference points. The thermal deformation effects typically contain seasonal and daily
signatures. The amplitudes of the annual vertical motion of the antenna reference point can reach several millimeters, depending
on the design of the antenna structure, on the material, and on the environmental effects such as global station position,
station height and climatology effects. Simple methods to correct this effect use the difference of the environmental temperature
with respect to a defined reference temperature, the antenna dimensions, the elevation of the antenna, the material of antenna
structure. Applying these simple models for thermal deformation in the VLBI data analysis improves the baseline length repeatability
by 3.5%. A comparison of these simple models with local thermal deformation measurements at the antennas in Onsala and Wettzell
show that the local measurements and the modeled corrections agree well when the temperature of the antenna structure is used,
but agree less good when the surrounding air temperatures are used. To overcome this problem we present a method to model
temperature penetration into the antenna structures, that allows to model thermal deformation effects that agree with the
observed vertical deformation of the Onsala and Wettzell radio telescopes with a root mean square deviation of 0.07 and 0.13 mm,
respectively. Possible implementations in the VLBI analysis are presented, and the definition of an adequate reference temperature
is discussed. 相似文献
14.
我国发射射电卫星的作用及关键技术研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
论述了我国发射射电卫星对于天文学和射电天文方法的发展、我国月球及深空探测计划、大地测量和天文地球动力学的研究和发展等方面的意义;根据VLBI卫星的技术和应用特点,分析了射电望远镜及相关设施的技术要求和指标,比较全面地分析和总结了VLBI卫星及相关设施的关键技术和方法。 相似文献
15.
A relativistic delay model for Earth-based very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observation of sources at finite distances is derived. The model directly provides the VLBI delay in the scale of terrestrial time. The effect of the curved wave front is represented by using a pseudo source vector K = (R
1 + R
2)/(R
1 + R
2), and the variation of the baseline vector due to the difference of arrival time is taken into account up to the second-order by using Halley’s method. The precision of the new VLBI delay model is 1 ps for all radio sources above 100 km altitude from the Earth’s surface in Earth-based VLBI observation. Simple correction terms (parallax effect) are obtained, which can also adopt the consensus model (e.g. International Earth Rotation and Reference Frames Service conventions) to finite-distance radio source at R > 10 pc with the same precision. The new model may enable estimation of distance to the radio source directly with VLBI delay data. 相似文献
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18.
O. Titov 《Journal of Geodesy》2007,81(6-8):455-468
This paper evaluates the effect of the accuracy of reference radio sources on the daily estimates of station positions, nutation
angle offsets, and the estimated site coordinates determined by very long baseline interferometry (VLBI), which are used for
the realization of the international terrestrial reference frame (ITRF). Five global VLBI solutions, based on VLBI data collected
between 1979 and 2006, are compared. The reference solution comprises all observed radio sources, which are treated as global
parameters. Four other solutions, comprising different sub-sets of radio sources, were computed. The daily station positions
for all VLBI sites and the corrections to the nutation offset angles were estimated for these five solutions. The solution
statistics are mainly affected by the positional instabilities of reference radio sources, whereas the instabilities of geodetic
and astrometric time-series are caused by an insufficient number of observed reference radio sources. A mean offset of the
three positional components (Up, North, East) between any two solutions was calculated for each VLBI site. From a comparison
of the geodetic results, no significant discrepancies between the respective geodetic solutions for all VLBI sites in the
Northern Hemisphere were found. In contrast, the Southern Hemisphere sites were more sensitive to the selected set of reference
radio sources. The largest estimated mean offset of the vertical component between two solutions for the Australian VLBI site
at Hobart was 4 mm. In the worst case (if a weak VLBI network observed a limited number of reference radio sources) the daily
offsets of the estimated height component at Hobart exceeded 100 mm. The exclusion of the extended radio sources from the
list of reference sources improved the solution statistics and made the geodetic and astrometric time-series more consistent.
The problem with the large Hobart height component offset is magnified by a comparatively small number of observations due
to the low slewing rate of the VLBI dish (1°/ s). Unless a minimum of 200 scans are performed per 24-h VLBI experiment, the
daily vertical positions at Hobart do not achieve 10 mm accuracy. Improving the slew rate at Hobart and/or having an increased
number of new sites in the Southern Hemisphere is essential for further improvement of geodetic VLBI results for Southern
Hemisphere sites. 相似文献