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关中南部地下热水氢氧同位素组成的水文地质意义 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
通过对关中南部地下热水氢氧同位素组成研究,探讨了研究区地下热水的起源、补给以及有关净热水的循环温度、循环深度、与冷水混合比例等与地下热水有关的热点问题,并与传统水文地质勘探方法进行了对比研究。氢氧同位素研究结果表明,研究区地下热水为净热水与常温水的混合,常温水混合量达半数以上。根据SiO2地热温标计算,净热水的热储温度为80℃~121℃,热储深度为1 146.84~1 779.38 m。净热水的补给水源平均气温与现代降水平均气温相差约16℃。净热水的来源为第四纪末次冰期秦岭海拔1 800 m以上的冰川雪水。 相似文献
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采集2个不同深度包气带土壤水2H、18O同位素剖面ZK1,ZK2,应用天然稳定同位素2H、18O示踪的方法,研究了华北
山前冲积平原石家庄地区包气带土壤水入渗补给的历史演化特征。结果显示,研究区内,以0.05m 为取样间隔,δ2H、δ18O值可
以明显指示出大气降水及灌溉水入渗补给时间—剖面深度位置的年际对应关系。ZK2的δ2H、δ18O值随着埋深的增大出现周期
性的波动,具有分层现象的岩性差异并不明显,说明ZK2剖面以活塞流的入渗方式补给地下水。在0~3.90m深度,δ2H、δ18O值
显示降水和灌溉水的入渗补给时间为2011年10月至2001年11月。18O峰值位移法计算补给量的结果显示,降水、灌溉水通过包
气带补给地下水的垂向运移速度为38.5~65.0cm/a,年均入渗补给量为131.3~185.3mm。同时,对比2003年及2005-2007
年降水量数据,说明少雨年份农业灌溉用水量的大小对当地地下水的入渗补给量起着关键性作用。 相似文献
山前冲积平原石家庄地区包气带土壤水入渗补给的历史演化特征。结果显示,研究区内,以0.05m 为取样间隔,δ2H、δ18O值可
以明显指示出大气降水及灌溉水入渗补给时间—剖面深度位置的年际对应关系。ZK2的δ2H、δ18O值随着埋深的增大出现周期
性的波动,具有分层现象的岩性差异并不明显,说明ZK2剖面以活塞流的入渗方式补给地下水。在0~3.90m深度,δ2H、δ18O值
显示降水和灌溉水的入渗补给时间为2011年10月至2001年11月。18O峰值位移法计算补给量的结果显示,降水、灌溉水通过包
气带补给地下水的垂向运移速度为38.5~65.0cm/a,年均入渗补给量为131.3~185.3mm。同时,对比2003年及2005-2007
年降水量数据,说明少雨年份农业灌溉用水量的大小对当地地下水的入渗补给量起着关键性作用。 相似文献
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为研究鄂西南岩溶山区的水循环过程,以湖北宜昌香溪河流域为研究对象,通过现场调查并结合环境同位素,对香溪河
流域地表水和地下水进行了取样,通过测定其氢氧同位素组成,分析了同位素变化特征以及流域地下水和地表水的转换关系及其
水循环特征。流域水中δD、δ18O值组成分析表明:流域内各种水体主要分布在当地大气降水线的附近,构成斜率明显小于雨水线
的蒸发线,3个子流域δD、δ18O值的富集程度为:南阳河流域<古夫河流域<高岚河流域。南阳河流域上游受神农架山区地方性
大气降水控制。响水洞和响龙洞(暗河出口)水中氘过量参数(d)值分别反映出不同的地下径流途径与滞留时间、水岩反应强度。子
流域同位素沿程变化的特征反映出:在上游段,水来源不同以及地表水和地下水转换频繁是δD、δ18O值变化的主要影响因素;在中下
游段,流域内地下水流入河流,河水流量逐渐增大,不同的水源混合均匀,经过一定的蒸发作用,δD、δ18O值的变幅趋于稳定。 相似文献
流域地表水和地下水进行了取样,通过测定其氢氧同位素组成,分析了同位素变化特征以及流域地下水和地表水的转换关系及其
水循环特征。流域水中δD、δ18O值组成分析表明:流域内各种水体主要分布在当地大气降水线的附近,构成斜率明显小于雨水线
的蒸发线,3个子流域δD、δ18O值的富集程度为:南阳河流域<古夫河流域<高岚河流域。南阳河流域上游受神农架山区地方性
大气降水控制。响水洞和响龙洞(暗河出口)水中氘过量参数(d)值分别反映出不同的地下径流途径与滞留时间、水岩反应强度。子
流域同位素沿程变化的特征反映出:在上游段,水来源不同以及地表水和地下水转换频繁是δD、δ18O值变化的主要影响因素;在中下
游段,流域内地下水流入河流,河水流量逐渐增大,不同的水源混合均匀,经过一定的蒸发作用,δD、δ18O值的变幅趋于稳定。 相似文献
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温泉汤温泉是威海地区一个非常重要的温泉,综合地球化学和地质调查方法,分析温泉汤温泉的形成模式。本文采集温泉汤温泉水样进行了水化学和氢氧稳定同位素测试,通过分析温泉水的水质类型、补给来源,估计水循环深度,结合地热地质条件进一步丰富了地热成因机制。水化学Piper分析图表明温泉水属于Na-Cl型温泉,水岩作用分析表明温泉水具有浅层水的特征,而氢氧稳定同位素值分布于中国东部大气降水线附近,推测温泉水主要受大气降水、地表水、地下水等浅层水的影响。根据δ~2H同位素高程效应,计算得到温泉的补给高程为225～265m之间,根据周边地形地貌特征,南部山区约为240m左右,确定南部山区是主要的补给源。综合分析认为,大气降水从温泉汤温泉南部山区汇聚到盆地中,大气降水、地表水、地下水等通过断裂破碎带在深部进行热交换形成温泉热水,然后运移到地表,出露成温泉汤温泉。通过成因模式分析,为温泉汤温泉的资源评价和开发利用提供科学依据,也为威海地区其他温泉的研究和开发利用提供参考。 相似文献
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为了研究娘子关泉域岩溶水状况及补给运移规律，系统采集了泉域内岩溶水、地表水样品，分析测试了样品的δＤ、δ１８Ｏ
值，利用氢氧同位素方法，通过分析氢氧同位素特征及其影响因素研究岩溶水的补给来源及各含水层的相互联 系。研 究 结 果 表
明，大气降水和河流渗漏补给是泉域内岩溶水的主要补给来源。由于大气降水的高程效应和温度效应，导致泉域内δＤ、δ１８Ｏ 值存
在一定的差异。由于受到强烈蒸发后的大气降水及河流渗漏水的补给，河流沿岸岩溶水的δＤ、δ１８Ｏ 值相对较高。同 时 对 娘 子 关
泉群城西泉、五龙泉和集泉站的 Ｄ和１８Ｏ 同位素分析结果表明，城西泉水来源于近源低海 拔 的 补 给 源；而五龙泉和集泉站泉水来
源于深循环、远距离、较高补给高程与地表水交换弱的补给源。通过以上研究，进一步明确了娘子关泉域岩溶水的补给运移规律，
为当地政府合理开发及可持续利用娘子关泉域岩溶水资源提供了理论支撑。 相似文献
值，利用氢氧同位素方法，通过分析氢氧同位素特征及其影响因素研究岩溶水的补给来源及各含水层的相互联 系。研 究 结 果 表
明，大气降水和河流渗漏补给是泉域内岩溶水的主要补给来源。由于大气降水的高程效应和温度效应，导致泉域内δＤ、δ１８Ｏ 值存
在一定的差异。由于受到强烈蒸发后的大气降水及河流渗漏水的补给，河流沿岸岩溶水的δＤ、δ１８Ｏ 值相对较高。同 时 对 娘 子 关
泉群城西泉、五龙泉和集泉站的 Ｄ和１８Ｏ 同位素分析结果表明，城西泉水来源于近源低海 拔 的 补 给 源；而五龙泉和集泉站泉水来
源于深循环、远距离、较高补给高程与地表水交换弱的补给源。通过以上研究，进一步明确了娘子关泉域岩溶水的补给运移规律，
为当地政府合理开发及可持续利用娘子关泉域岩溶水资源提供了理论支撑。 相似文献
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通过对关中盆地地热井中地下热水的同位素和水化学成分分析,结合研究区的地热地质和水文地质条件,进行了地下热水补给时的温度研究,结果表明,关中盆地地下热水接受补给时的温度以西安地区最低,咸阳次之.同时应用Na-K-Mg三角图和水化学平衡温度理论的方法,估算在平衡条件下关中盆地最大热储温度为118 ℃.热储温度计算结果表明,关中盆地腹部应为中低温热储层. 相似文献
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The contents of nearly forty-elements in surface sediments in Jiaozhou Bay were determined using a Neutron Activation Analysis Technique(Grancini,et al.,1976;Li Peiquan et al.,1985,1986;Li Xiuxia etal.,1986).This paper's detailed discussion on only nine elements(Fe,Mn,Co,Cr,Sc,As,Sb,Zn andV)includes their distributions,concentrations,correlationships,material sources,background,etc.Based on Zavaristski's classification method,Fe,Mn,Co Cr and V belong to the second group;As and Sb to theeighth groups:Sc and Zn to the third and sixth groups.It was found that their notably good correla-tionship is mainly due to the similarity of their ionic structures and that their variation is controlled by theFe content(except Mn).The source of sediments is mainly terristrial material,and the composition ofsediment is similar to that of shale and shale+clay.The contents for a large number of ele-ments are within the scope of the background level,but there still is pollution of Zn and Cr,at least in a few stations. 相似文献
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氟、氯、溴、碘等卤族元素与人体健康的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
卤族元素是人体的必需元素,正常情况下成人摄入量不超过F4 mg/d、C11.7～5.1g/d、I 100～200μg/d;少年不超过F 3 mg/d,儿童I1μg/kg-d,婴儿Cl0.3～1.2 g/d.过量摄入或缺乏卤族元素,都可能导致疾病的发生.而F含量0.5～1.0mg/L、C1＜50mg/L、Br＞100μg/L、I 10～100μg/L的饮用地下水,有利于人体健康. 相似文献
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A study was conducted on Cu, Zn, Cd, Fe, Co and Ni levels in Saanich Inlet anoxic seawater. Data on the concentration of these
trace metals and H2S, and other oceanographic parameters were obtained in four cruises.
Equilibrium models are presented together with in situ data. The results strongly support the assumption that the solubilities
of Cu, Zn, Cd, Fe, Co and Ni are controlled by bisulfide and/or polysulfide complexes. The species of Cu, Zn, Cd and Ni are
shown to be Cu(S4)
2
3−
and Cu(Sn4S5)3−, Zn(HS)
2
0
and ZnHS
2
−
, Cd(HS)
2
0
and Ni(HS)
2
0
, respectively. The solid species controlling Fe2+ and Co2+ are respectively the pyrohotites FeS and CoS. The data illustrates that thermodynamic equilibrium has been established in
the H2S-controlled seawater of Saanich Inlet, and that equilibrium has not been established in the H2S−O2-coexisted seawater of Saanich Inlet. The lack of equilibrium in the H2S−O2-coexisted seawater is a result of the flushing or mixing of oxygenated seawater with anoxic water. The new species of trace
metals are still in the processes of reduction and precipitation.
Contribution No. 1428 from Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica 相似文献
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《中国海洋湖沼学报》2017,(1)
Aquaculture production efficiency may increase by using feed additives. This study investigated the effects of different dietary additives [w/w: 2% small peptides, 0.01% probiotics( Bacillus licheniformis) and 0.2% prebiotics(inulin)] on growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, and oxidative stress in juvenile Epinephelus coioides reared in artificial seawater of two salt concentrations(13.5 vs. 28.5). Weight gain rate was significantly higher in fish fed the diet supplemented with small peptides, B. licheniformis, inulin, or synbiotics than that in fish fed the basal diet; the greatest weight gain rate was found in fish fed the small peptide treatment [56.0% higher than basal diet]. Higher feed efficiency was detected in fish fed the diet supplemented with small peptides than that of fish in the other dietary treatments. Total protease activity in the stomach and intestines was highest in fish fed the small peptide-treated diet, whereas lipase activity was highest in those fed synbiotics(combination of Bacillus licheniformis and inulin) than that in fish fed the other treatments. Antioxidant enzyme(total superoxide dismutase and catalase) activities and hepatic malondialdehyde content were higher in fish receiving the dietary supplements and maintained in artificial seawater containing 13.5 salinity compared with those in the control(28.5). Hepatic catalase activity in grouper fed the diets with small peptides or synbiotics decreased significantly compared with that in control fish. Overall, the three types of additives improved growth rate of juvenile grouper and digestive enzymes activities to varying degrees but did not effectively improve antioxidant capacity under low-salinity stress conditions. 相似文献
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孙建中 《地球科学与环境学报》1993,(Z2)
这里所指示的大气圈、水圈、岩石圈、生物圈以及人类的作用千变万化,从而对人类的生存造成巨大影响,构成了一个复杂的生态环境,讨论这些问题,对人类生存至关重要。 相似文献
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Monthly investigations were mae on the population of Chinese freshwater crab,Sinopotamon yangtsekiense Bott, 1967 from April, 1984 to March, 1985. The data on 4413 specimens show that the growth was affected mainly by temperature.
During the April to November growth period, the crabs' major development occurred from June through October. One year was
required for a fine white oocyte to develop into a mature egg. The reproduction period was June–October. Females bearing eggs
were taken from June–August, and crabs with young were found from July–October. The females reproduced once a year but could
for more than one year. The number of eggs carried by a female varied greatly according to the size of the crab, ranging from
30 to 100 eggs. New-born crabs become mature after 1–2 years. The sex ratio was approximately 1∶1 in the overall population.
However, the larger crabs are predominantly male. The age distribution ofS. yangtsekinese was estimated from size frequency histograms. There were more adult crabs (over 70%) from June to October and more immature
crabs (over 50%) from November to May. 相似文献
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Monthly investigatiom were made on the population of Chinese freshwater crab, Sinopotamon yangteskiense Bott, 1967 from April, 1984 to Match, 1985. The data on 4413 specimens show that the growth was affected mainly by temperature. During the April to November growth period, the crabs' major development occured from June through October. One year was required for a fine white oocyte to develop into a mature egg. The reproduction period was June-October. Females bearing eggs were taken from June-August, and crabs with young were found from July-October. The females reproduced once a year but could for more than one year. The number of eggs carried by a female varied greatly according to the size of the crab, ranging from 30 to 100 eggs. New-bom crabs become mature after 1-2 yeats. The sex ratio was approximately 1:1 in the overall population. However, the larger crabs are predominantly male. The age distribution of S. yangtsekinese was estimated from size frequency histograms. There were more adult crabs 相似文献
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A study was conducted on Cu, Zn, Cd, Fe, Co and Ni levels in Saanich Inlet anoxic seawaler. Data on the concentrations of these trace metals and H2S, and other oceanographic parameters were obtained in four cruisesEquilibrium models are presented together with in situ data. The" results strongly support the assumption that the solubilities of Cu, Zn, Cd, Fe, Co and Ni are controlled by bisulfide and /or polysulfide complexes. The species of Cu, Zn, Cd and Ni are shown to be Cu(S4)23- and Cu(S4S5)3-, Zn(HS)20 and ZnHS2-, Cd(HS)20 and Ni(HS)20 respectively. The solid species controlling Fe2 + and Co2+ are respectively the pyrohotites FeS and CoS. The data illustrates that thermodynamic equilibrium has been established in the H2S-controlled seawater of Saanich Inlet, and that equilibrium has not been established in the H2S-O2-coexisted seawater of Saanich Inlet. The lack of equilibrium in the H2S-O2-coexisted seawater is a result of the flushing or mixing of oxygenated seawater with anoxic water. The new s 相似文献
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从石漠化的研究现状出发,依据我国西南岩溶石山地区石漠化特征,着重分析其主要控制介质为岩性、构造、地貌、气候、岩溶、地下水、植被等自然介质因子与森林砍伐、高坡开垦等人为介质因子.石漠化是以岩溶山区脆弱的岩溶生态环境为基础,以内、外地质作用和人类恶性生态地质作用为驱动力,以资源退化和恶化为本质,基岩不断裸露,生态环境不断恶化,周而复始的恶性循环过程.提出对石漠化的研究重点是成因机理研究,对石漠化的防治应着重于对石漠化的驱动力及其主导因子的防治,阐述了治山必须先治水等防治对策与建议. 相似文献