共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
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通过对云南省绿春地区下志留统—上三叠统地层中砂岩岩屑成分的统计分析,研究了沉积物物源的变化及其所代表的构造意义。研究区砂岩碎屑组分源区大地构造背景的判别结果表明,下志留统—中石炭统砂岩中的沉积物物源为混合造山带砂岩源区,而中二叠统—上三叠统砂岩中的沉积物物源为火山弧造山带源区。下志留统—上三叠统砂岩物源的属性经历了从再循环造山带到火山弧造山带的转变。志留纪—早二叠世为被动陆缘盆地发育时期,砂岩的物源主要来自于盆地边缘的造山带;到中二叠世,随着哀牢山洋盆向西俯冲,洋盆逐渐关闭,研究区由之前的拉张环境转变为挤压环境,盆地性质转变为弧后盆地,此时盆地沉积物的物源应来自于研究区东侧的火山弧。 相似文献
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近年来川西北山前坳陷地区中二叠统天然气勘探取得重大突破,激发了勘探工作者向更大区域和更多层系探索的愿望。为了给下一步油气勘探提供依据与参考,本文系统讨论了川西北南华纪以来的盆地性质、构造—沉积格局及油气成藏条件。川西北经历了南华纪—早古生代、晚古生代—三叠纪、侏罗纪—新生代3大演化阶段,现今构造格局受燕山期龙门山、米仓山造山带以及向盆地逆冲推覆形成的冲断系统控制。其中龙门山北段冲断系统总体表现为由造山带向盆地方向扩展的“前列式”构造变形,在盆山结合位置,深部构造楔向造山带方向消减了大部分位移,造成前渊坳陷部位构造变形急剧减弱。川西北燕山期前陆盆地之下保存了南华纪—中奥陶世和泥盆纪—中三叠世两期完整、连续的裂陷层序与被动大陆边缘层序,具有优越的油气成藏条件。中-晚侏罗世—早白垩世龙门山与米仓山急剧隆升并向盆地大规模推覆,造成前渊坳陷内的海相层系急速埋藏增温,进入成藏高峰。由于山前冲断带自中-晚侏罗世（～160 Ma）以来处于抬升和剥蚀状态,而前渊坳陷始终处于埋藏状态,油气保存条件要优于山前冲断带,因此是深层—超深层油气勘探的重点地区。 相似文献
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河西走廊北部的平山湖盆地,被围限于龙首山、北大山和合黎山之间,是一个在早白垩世受南北两侧逆冲断层共同控制形成并发展的盆地。笔者通过研究盆地内下白垩统沉积特征、构造变形、生长地层以及碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学特征,划分了平山湖盆地在早白垩世的构造演化期次,并恢复其形成演化过程。盆地内发育一套由下向上总体变细的下白垩统庙沟群沉积序列,盆地内构造变形以NE-SW向挤压和近E-W向伸展为主,庙沟群上岩组的碎屑锆石最小年龄为(129.3±1.8)Ma,可能代表了地层沉积和同期地堑发育的最早时间。由此得出,在早白垩世早期发育挤压构造盆地,同构造生长地层为挤压盆地的形成与构造演化提供了时代约束;在早白垩世晚期发育伸展断陷盆地,由挤压到伸展的转换时间晚于129.3 Ma。 相似文献
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阿拉斯加北坡盆地海域经历了四个主要构造演化阶段,分别为前中泥盆世埃尔斯米尔造山阶段、晚泥盆世至三叠纪被动边缘阶段、侏罗纪至早白垩世裂谷阶段以及中—晚白垩世至第四纪前陆盆地阶段。研究区发育良好的生储盖组合:三叠系Shublik组为主力烃源岩;下白垩统Kuparuk组浅海相和三角洲相砂岩为主要勘探目的层,上白垩统Torok组三角洲砂岩为次要目的层;下白垩统泥岩为区域盖层,且封盖条件好。研究区在构造演化过程中形成了大量圈闭,以大型低幅背斜构造圈闭、构造-地层复合圈闭为主,并发育多套成藏组合。认为北坡盆地海域具有优越的油气成藏地质条件,待发现资源量巨大,勘探前景广阔。前陆盆地挤压构造带、楚科奇海岸、巴罗拱曲等构造圈闭发育区是有利勘探区带。 相似文献
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海拉尔盆地乌尔逊-贝尔凹陷的构造特征及其对油气成藏的影响 总被引：18，自引：1，他引：17
海拉尔盆地乌尔逊-贝尔凹陷是叠置于内蒙-大兴安岭古生代碰撞造山带的中新生代盆地,主要发育白垩系和第三系、第四系,其中以下白垩统为主。乌尔逊-贝尔凹陷在中新生代经历了多期变形作用,构造特征十分复杂,主要发育4个方向的构造带,其中北东向、北东东向和南北向断层带形成较早且长期活动;北西向断层带形成较晚,对上述三个方向构造主要起改造作用。研究区的构造不仅影响了烃源岩的分布、油气运移和聚集,而且影响了圈闭的形成和油气分布,是研究区有利的油气聚集带。 相似文献
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江汉盆地西北部断陷带构造变形分析与古应力场演化序列 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
江汉盆地内部发育多个断陷带,其形成与演化对盆地油气聚集至关重要。本文以远安和南漳断陷带为重点,基于详细的野外观察和断裂变形测量,分析了江汉盆地西北部断陷带的构造变形特征,建立了盆地古构造应力场演化序列。结合区域构造分析与变形叠加特征研究,将断陷带白垩纪以来的构造演化历史划分为4个阶段:①晚白垩世—古近纪,受NEE—SWW向引张作用,江汉盆地内部发生断陷;②古近纪末期,断陷盆地遭受近E—W向挤压作用而发生构造反转;③新近纪,先后受NE—SW向引张和NW—SE向引张作用,断陷带再次伸展沉降;④新近纪末期,在NE—SW向构造挤压作用下,断陷带发生右旋走滑活动。江汉盆地晚白垩世以来构造变形序列的建立,为探讨江汉盆地后期构造演化及油气成藏改造提供了构造地质学证据。 相似文献
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华南印支期碰撞造山--十万大山盆地构造和沉积学证据 总被引：27，自引：9，他引：18
十万大山盆地是云开造山带前陆地区的一个窄长的晚二叠世—中三叠世沉积盆地,位于扬子与华夏陆块拼接位置的西南端。十万大山盆地晚二叠世—中三叠世沉积由巨厚的磨拉石建造组成,并构成多个向上变粗和向上变细的构造-地层层序。云开造山带及前陆冲断带上泥盆统至下二叠统中发育了大量的印支期形成的薄皮褶皱和冲断构造。这些指示扬子和华夏陆块在印支期发生了强烈陆内碰撞与会聚及前陆盆地的沉积作用。P2 /P1 之间的不整合面是伸展构造向挤压构造转换的转换面,为华南印支期碰撞挤压造山或活化造山的序幕。T3 /T2 之间不整合面是挤压构造向伸展构造转换的转换面,是印支期活化挤压造山结束的界面,标志着晚二叠世开始的碰撞造山作用的结束。华南内部晚二叠世—中三叠世构造运动性质及转换与当时华南南缘存在的古特提斯洋的闭合及印支板块与华南陆块的碰撞作用有关。 相似文献
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柴达木盆地北缘晚海西—印支期古构造应力分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了更好认识柴北缘晚海西—印支期古构造应力特征与演化过程,在天峻快日玛乡、城墙沟、石灰沟等地区详细野外观测的基础上,利用地层恢复和古构造应力反演技术对柴北缘及邻区石炭系—新生界构造观测数据进行分析。结果表明晚二叠世—中三叠世,柴北缘在南—北向挤压作用下向北俯冲碰撞,盆地内部上二叠—中三叠统缺失。晚三叠世开始,西秦岭斜向碰撞柴达木盆地,柴北缘进入造山阶段,所受挤压作用方向转变为北西—南东向,盆地内大范围缺失上三叠统。晚海西—印支期柴北缘内部二叠纪—三叠纪地层大面积剥蚀加之该期强烈挤压作用造成尕海南山石炭系与白垩系、旺尕秀煤矿石炭系与侏罗系之间的角度不整合,意味着下伏石炭系可能遭受强烈破坏。 相似文献
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准噶尔盆地西部油气资源丰富,油气分布受构造演化过程控制作用显著。本文根据地表露头、地震、钻井、同位素年代学资料对盆地西部多期构造演化进行了研究,发现现今的盆地结构是造山带与盆地的相互作用下多期成盆演化与构造叠加演变的结果。根据地层不整合接触关系与空间展布特征,将该区构造地层层序划分为石炭系、中下二叠统、上二叠统—三叠系、侏罗系、白垩系、新生界等6个构造地层层序。石炭纪末的构造事件为车排子、中拐凸起和玛湖、沙湾、四棵树凹陷的形成奠定了基础。早二叠世为伸展构造环境,形成玛湖、沙湾及四棵树3个沉降、沉积中心,盆地西部重要烃源岩形成。中二叠世形成坳陷型盆地,沉积、沉降中心由山前向盆地内迁移。中二叠世末构造运动导致了西部山前沉积地层反转与隆升剥蚀,断裂向盆地逆冲。晚二叠世—三叠纪大型坳陷盆地的沉积、沉降中心在沙湾凹陷,受车排子凸起北翼断裂控制,地层向北、西超覆沉积,相继将中拐凸起、玛湖凹陷及山前断裂带埋藏。三叠纪末的构造运动在乌-夏和车排子地区形成向盆地方向的逆冲构造带。前侏罗纪,造山带与盆地表现出不同方式、不同强度构造耦合作用。侏罗纪—白垩纪,西准噶尔的构造活动弱,湖盆地不断扩张,沉积地层不断向造山带方向超覆;沉积、沉降中心由西向东,再由东向西,最后向南迁移演化。新生代,北天山山前强烈拗陷,盆地整体南北向掀斜,形成新近纪前陆盆地。盆地的多期翘倾掀斜作用与后期沉积地层向造山带的超覆沉积作用控制了油气的聚集,被后期埋藏的冲断带成为油气富集带。 相似文献
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昆仑造山带基本构造-地层格架主要奠基于古生代,是早古生代和晚古生代多次洋陆转换、碰撞造山的结果。早中二叠世是晚古生代昆仑多岛洋盆(昆南洋)伸展裂陷最为强烈期,海相沉积广布,昆北为活动边缘裂谷,大部分区域为滨浅海相沉积,局部为火山盆地相沉积;昆中洋岛大部分为海水淹没,发育滨浅海相沉积;康西瓦—木孜塔格—阿尼玛卿一线及其以北昆南区为深海-半深海相沉积。早中二叠世总体表现为南深北浅的多岛小洋盆构造-古地理格局。中二叠世晚期昆仑地区发生了一次显著的汇聚作用(华力西运动),洋盆和活动大陆边缘裂谷闭合,隆升遭受剥蚀,完成了一次盆山转换。晚二叠世早期,大部分地区仍为剥蚀区,局部地区形成陆相红色碎屑岩建造,其后东昆仑东部海水从东南进入,西昆仑东部海水从西北进入,在较局限的区域内沉积了滨浅海相碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩沉积,进入了另一个盆山发展时期。笔者通过多年的野外观察、分析测试和综合研究,结合覆盖全区的1∶25万区域地质调查资料及其他前人研究成果,选择昆仑造山带晚古生代盆山转换关键时期——二叠纪,对其地层、岩相特征及构造古地理环境进行研究,并探讨了其构造演化,以期对提高昆仑造山带的研究水平和指导找矿工作有所禆益。 相似文献
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The Qiongdongnan Basin is a strongly overpressured basin with the maximum pressure coefficient over 2.2. Two types of vertical overpressure configuration can be identified by electronic logs and mud pressure, based on the calibration with the test pressure. The first is a double overpressure configuration, in which the middle low overpressure zone divides the entire overpressure zone into two zones. The double overpressure configuration lies primarily in the western part of the basin. The second is a single overpressure configuration, in which overpressure increases with depth. The single overpressure configuration lies primarily in the eastern part of the basin. Distribution maps of the overpressure top and overpressure horizons show three important characteristics: (1) The distribution of the pressure coefficient is not uniform. There are many low overpressure zones against a background of high overpressure. (2) The pressure coefficient in the western area is greater than in the eastern area. The maximum pressure coefficient in the western area is greater than 2.2. (3) There is a low overpressure interval between the high overpressure zones in the western area. Based on the overpressure distribution, some important implications for hydrocarbon exploration can be drawn. In the Qiongdongnan Basin, it has been shown that normal pressure zones are favorable for hydrocarbon accumulation, and strongly overpressured zones (pressure coefficient greater than 1.8) are unfavorable for hydrocarbon accumulation. Accordingly, the NW low overpressure belt around wells R, Q and S should be beneficial for hydrocarbon accumulations, and should be considered as the next exploration play in the Qiongdongnan Basin. Theoretical hydrofracture calculation and interpretation of the sand injectites indicate the presence of widespread hydrofractures in the basin. Comparison between the sealing capacities of the double overpressure and single overpressure configurations shows that the former is superior for hydrocarbon accumulation and preservation. Because of the strong sealing capacity provided by the displacement pressure and pore pressure difference between the seal rock and reservoir in the double overpressure configuration zone, hydrocarbons barely penetrate the seal rock in the middle low overpressure zone. Therefore, the exploration interval should be within and below the middle low overpressure zone in the western basin. 相似文献
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《地学前缘(英文版)》2023,14(4):101565
The northwestern Junggar Basin in the southwestern Central Asian Orogenic Belt is a typical petroliferous basin. The widely distributed reservoirs in Jurassic–Cretaceous strata indicate that the region records Yanshanian–Himalayan tectonic activity, which affected the accumulation and distribution of petroleum. The mechanism of this effect, however, has not been fully explored. To fill the knowledge gap, we studied the structural geology and geochemistry of the well-exposed Wuerhe bitumen deposit. Our results indicate that deformation and hydrocarbon accumulation in the northwestern Junggar Basin during the Yanshanian–Himalayan geodynamic transformation involved two main stages. During the Yanshanian orogeny, a high-angle extensional fault system formed in Jurassic–Cretaceous strata at intermediate to shallow depths owing to dextral shear deformation in the orogenic belt. This fault system connected at depth with the Permian–Triassic oil–gas system, resulting in oil ascending to form fault-controlled reservoirs (e.g., a veined bitumen deposit). During the Himalayan orogeny, this fault system was deactivated owing to sinistral shear caused by far-field stress related to uplift of the Tibetan Plateau. This and the reservoir densification caused by cementation formed favorable hydrocarbon preservation and accumulation conditions. Therefore, the secondary oil reservoirs that formed during the Yanshanian–Himalayan tectonic transformation and the primary oil reservoirs that formed during Hercynian–Indosinian orogenies form a total and complex petroleum system comprising conventional and unconventional petroleum reservoirs. This might be a common feature of oil–gas accumulation in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt and highlights the potential for petroleum exploration at intermediate–shallow depths. 相似文献
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YIWanxia ZHAOZongju LIXuetian SHENJinlong ZHOUJingao 《大地构造与成矿学(英文版)》2003,27(1):130-144
Comprehensive analyses were made based on seismic prospecting data, electrical prospecting data and basin simulation data as well as regional geological data and thorough discussions were conducted about the complicated structures, features and evolution of Hefei Basin in Early Cretaceous in this study, and it was derived that that Hefei Basin was a composite basin formed during the transformation of the stress field from compressive toward tensile in Early Cretaceous. In other words, this basin was a foreland basin of gliding-thrust type, which is mainly controlled by the Dabie orogenic belt in the south side in the early to middle period of Early Cretaceous, while being a strike-slip basin of pull-apart type, which is mainly controlled by the activity of Tanlu fracture in the east side in the middle to late period of Early Cretaceous. Moreover, the potential Lower Cretaceous oil and gas system in the pull-apart basin and the vista for its prospecting were explored in this study. Tectonism of the Tanlu fracture was further discussed based on the results of characterization of the basin, and it was pointed out that this is beneficial and instructive to the oil and gas prospecting in Hefei Basin. 相似文献
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综合地球化学、野外剖面和钻测井等资料,运用岩石学和地层对比、盆地模拟等方法,剖析了龙门山造山带和川西前陆盆地的盆山耦合关系,探讨了这种盆山耦合关系对油气成藏的控制作用,最后给出了勘探建议及有利区带预测。结果表明：龙门山造山带和川西前陆盆地在沉积和构造方面表现出良好的盆山耦合关系,具体表现在沉降与隆升的对应、物源与沉积的对应以及构造多幕性和沉积旋回性的对应等特征上;沉积耦合关系控制着烃源岩的沉积厚度及热演化程度,并影响着储层的垂向和横向分布,而构造耦合关系则对造山带和前陆盆地的断层发育以及油气运移和成藏所需圈闭具有决定性作用;盆山耦合呈多期性,具有沉积、沉降中心以及沉积相展布不断迁移和多期叠加的特征;形成了川西前陆盆地深、中、浅层的三维立体幕式演化成藏模式。有利区带预测表明：梓潼坳陷南端是深盆气的有利聚集区;浅层气主要分布在古隆起发育的盆地中、南段;深层气则多分布于盆地北部及中部地层尖灭带。 相似文献
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酒泉盆地位于祁连造山带北缘西部,是走廊盆地群西端的一个重要的富油气盆地,酒西盆地是酒泉盆地的次级盆地之一,下白垩统已钻获多口中、高产工业油井,显示具备优越的油气地质条件。白垩纪酒泉盆地的成因问题一直存在争议。对酒西盆地红柳峡早白垩世地层的实测剖面沉积相研究,得出当时的沉积环境具有由深湖亚相向前扇三角洲亚相、扇三角洲前缘亚相到扇三角洲平原亚相的演化序列,说明盆地发展经历了初始断陷阶段、断陷扩张阶段和坳陷阶段,是具有典型的断-坳双层结构的盆地。在结合盆地勘探认识的基础上,通过区域对比,提出白垩纪酒泉盆地与我国东部中生代陆相沉积盆地具有相似的构造背景,类比中国东部早白垩世伸展断陷盆地的成因,提出盆地的形成与演化受到太平洋板块俯冲及西伯利亚板块向南漂移的影响。 相似文献