共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
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以全球地震面波相速度变化问题为例，使用约３００００道高质量的面波记录数据集，在数据空间和模型空间的误差服从零平均Ｇａｕｓｓ随机分布的假设下，研究反演中的阻尼和参量化问题．发现最佳分块尺度随频率增高而减小；分块参量化方法比球谐展开方法引入的人为因素少，但难以分辨甚低阶横向非均匀性，除非施加极端的空间平滑；球谐函数展开则具备恢复长波结构的优点．为此提出一种混合参量反演方法：首先用球谐函数作为全球基函数，恢复相速度的低阶球谐分量，然后用此作为进一步反演的初始模型，用分块模型迭代反演，得到最终结果． 相似文献
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以全球地震面波相速度变化问题为例，使用约３００００道高质量的面波记录数据集，在数据空间和模型空间的误差服从零平均Ｇａｕｓｓ随机分布的假设下，研究反演中的阻尼和参量化问题．发现最佳分块尺度随频率增高而减小；分块参量化方法比球谐展开方法引入的人为因素少，但难以分辨甚低阶横向非均匀性，除非施加极端的空间平滑；球谐函数展开则具备恢复长波结构的优点．为此提出一种混合参量反演方法：首先用球谐函数作为全球基函数，恢复相速度的低阶球谐分量，然后用此作为进一步反演的初始模型，用分块模型迭代反演，得到最终结果． 相似文献
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七十年代以来,许多地震学家用不同的方法更为细致地研究了全球及区域的地下构造,使得地震CT技术迅速发展.其中包括利用地震面波的工作,在地震面波的研究手段上,当前主要有纯路径法,球谐函数法,富氏?数法等.Francis T. Wu(1972)利用纯路径法研究了海洋、大陆、洋脊、岛弧等纯区域的地瑞利面波的频散,得出洋脊速度低于海洋,海洋低于大陆的结果.Ickiro Nakaniski和 D. L. Anderson(1982)采用球谐函数法研究?全球范围的周期为100-300秒的大圆路径瑞利面波的群速度分布.并将周期为100-200秒的结果与纯路 相似文献
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提出直接在序率域内用Walsh变换实现引力场球谐综合的问题。给出球谐函数展开式的Walsh变换及快速算法,讨论了Walsh变换和Walsh-Fourier变换、Fourier变换之间的差异,分析了用地球重力场模型OSU81的位系数作出的Walsh变换和Fourier变换的结果。研究表明:Walsh变换与Walsh-Fourier变换、Fourier变换对应向量在数量方面的差值通常都小于士10~(-5);对于给定的阶数和飞行高度,3种方法求得的球谐综合值总是完全一致的;1°×1°等网格数据和Walsh函数形状相近。在重力场研究中Walsh级数会比Fourier级数收敛得更快;Walsh变换在计算速度、计算准确度、数据储存、收敛速度和方法简单方面都好于Fourier变换。 相似文献
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关于区域性的地震面波层析反演方法的讨论 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
讨论了在地球表面局部区域进行面波层析反演时所用的各种反演方法，指出各种方法用于区域性层析反演时的优缺点，并就由面波资料对区域性的地壳和上地幔结构进行反演的方法──分块反演方法、本征函数展开法、球面雷当变换方法、Ｔａｒａｎｔｏｌａ概率方法和波形反演的方法进行了讨论。指出了各种方法的优缺点及适用范围，并对一些方法进行了数值模拟，给出了计算实例。关键词 相似文献
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本文从球面调和多项式的数学理论方面研究了用球函数拟合地慢地震波Q 值空间分布方法的收敛性的问题。运用一种逼近的球面多项式的误差公式,证明用球谐函数拟合地幔地震波Q 值空间分布的方法是收敛性的;也提出从地震P 波的振幅A 和周期T 拟合、反演地幔范围P 波品质因数空间分布的误差Qer 与P 波(A、T)的观测数目N 的增加,Qer 的减少来予以验证。 相似文献
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选取广东省东部及福建和江西测震台网的26个固定台站2011年3～9月的地震背景噪声的垂直分量数据,用互相关方法获得瑞利面波的格林函数,再用频时分析方法提取瑞利面波的群速度频散曲线,最后用面波层析成像方法反演得到研究区周期为5～15s的瑞利面波群速度图像.反演结果揭示了广东省东部地区浅部地壳群速度结构存在明显横向不均匀性.短周期群速度异常与研究区内山脉、盆地的分布有较好的对应关系,沉积厚度较大的盆地地区表现为低速异常,而基底埋深较浅的山脉则显示了高速异常;地热分布对面波群速度产生重要影响,地热值较高的区域面波群速度一般表现为低速异常;粤东地区特别是粤东沿海地区地壳中部可能存在低速层. 相似文献
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利用时频分析方法（FTAN）测量基阶Rayleigh面波群速度频散资料,在纯路径频散反演时,将方位各向异性计算在内,反演获得中国大陆中东部及海域地区（20°-45°N,110°-130°E）8-200 s共28个周期的Rayleigh面波群速度空间分布图像.研究表明,研究区域Rayleigh面波群速度分布与已有地质构造特征具有较好的相关性. 相似文献
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T. A. Mokhtar C. J. Ammon R. B. Herrmann H. A. A. Ghalib 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2001,158(8):1425-1444
— The group-velocity distribution beneath the Arabian Plate is investigated using Love and Rayleigh waves. We obtained a balanced path coverage using seismograms generated by earthquakes located along the plate boundaries. We measured Love- and Rayleigh-wave group-velocity dispersion using multiple filter analysis and then performed a tomographic inversion using these observations to estimate lateral group velocity variations in the period range of 5–60?s. The Love- and Rayleigh-wave results are consistent and show that the average group velocity across Arabia increases with increasing period. The tomographic results also delineate first-order regional structure heterogeneity as well as the sharp transition between the Arabian shield and the Arabian platform. Systematic differences are observed in the distribution of the short-period group velocities across the two provinces, which are consistent with surface geology. The slower velocities in the platform reveal the imprint of its thick sedimentary section, while faster velocities correlate well with the exposed volcanic flows in the shield. Shear-wave velocity models for the two regions, obtained from the inversion of the group velocities, confirm results from previous studies of higher S-wave velocity in the upper crust beneath the shield. This may be due to the present remnants of the oceanic crust (ophiolite belts) associated with the island arcs evolutionary model of the Arabian shield.¶The mapping of the surface-wave group velocity using a large data can be used in constraining the regional structure at existing and planned broadband stations deployed in this tectonically complex region as part of the seismic monitoring under CTBT. 相似文献
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A Fast and Reliable Method for Surface Wave Tomography 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
—?We describe a method to invert regional or global scale surface-wave group or phase-velocity measurements to estimate 2-D models of the distribution and strength of isotropic and azimuthally anisotropic velocity variations. Such maps have at least two purposes in monitoring the nuclear Comprehensive Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT): (1) They can be used as data to estimate the shear velocity of the crust and uppermost mantle and topography on internal interfaces which are important in event location, and (2) they can be used to estimate surface-wave travel-time correction surfaces to be used in phase-matched filters designed to extract low signal-to-noise surface-wave packets.¶The purpose of this paper is to describe one useful path through the large number of options available in an inversion of surface-wave data. Our method appears to provide robust and reliable dispersion maps on both global and regional scales. The technique we describe has a number of features that have motivated its development and commend its use: (1) It is developed in a spherical geometry; (2) the region of inference is defined by an arbitrary simple closed curve so that the method works equally well on local, regional, or global scales; (3) spatial smoothness and model amplitude constraints can be applied simultaneously; (4) the selection of model regularization and the smoothing parameters is highly flexible which allows for the assessment of the effect of variations in these parameters; (5) the method allows for the simultaneous estimation of spatial resolution and amplitude bias of the images; and (6) the method optionally allows for the estimation of azimuthal anisotropy.¶We present examples of the application of this technique to observed surface-wave group and phase velocities globally and regionally across Eurasia and Antarctica. 相似文献
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—?We present results from a large-scale study of surface-wave group velocity dispersion across the Middle East, North Africa, southern Eurasia and the Mediterranean. Our database for the region is populated with seismic data from regional events recorded at permanent and portable broadband, three-component digital stations. We have measured the group velocity using a multiple narrow-band filter on deconvolved displacement data. Overall, we have examined more than 13,500 seismograms and made good quality dispersion measurements for 6817 Rayleigh- and 3806 Love-wave paths. We use a conjugate gradient method to perform a group-velocity tomography. Our current results include both Love- and Rayleigh-wave inversions across the region for periods from 10 to 60 seconds. Our findings indicate that short-period structure is sensitive to slow velocities associated with large sedimentary features such as the Mediterranean Sea and Persian Gulf. We find our long-period Rayleigh-wave inversion is sensitive to crustal thickness, such as fast velocities under the oceans and slow along the relatively thick Zagros Mts. and Turkish-Iranian Plateau. We also find slow upper mantle velocities along known rift systems. Accurate group velocity maps can be used to construct phase-matched filters along any given path. The filters can improve weak surface wave signals by compressing the dispersed signal. The signals can then be used to calculate regionally determined M S measurements, which we hope can be used to extend the threshold of m b :M S discriminants down to lower magnitude levels. Other applications include using the group velocities in the creation of a suitable background model for forming station calibration maps, and using the group velocities to model the velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle. 相似文献
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Data-resolution Matrix and Model-resolution Matrix for Rayleigh-wave Inversion Using a Damped Least-squares Method 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Inversion of multimode surface-wave data is of increasing interest in the near-surface geophysics community. For a given near-surface
geophysical problem, it is essential to understand how well the data, calculated according to a layered-earth model, might
match the observed data. A data-resolution matrix is a function of the data kernel (determined by a geophysical model and
a priori information applied to the problem), not the data. A data-resolution matrix of high-frequency (≥2 Hz) Rayleigh-wave phase
velocities, therefore, offers a quantitative tool for designing field surveys and predicting the match between calculated
and observed data. We employed a data-resolution matrix to select data that would be well predicted and we find that there
are advantages of incorporating higher modes in inversion. The resulting discussion using the data-resolution matrix provides
insight into the process of inverting Rayleigh-wave phase velocities with higher-mode data to estimate S-wave velocity structure.
Discussion also suggested that each near-surface geophysical target can only be resolved using Rayleigh-wave phase velocities
within specific frequency ranges, and higher-mode data are normally more accurately predicted than fundamental-mode data because
of restrictions on the data kernel for the inversion system. We used synthetic and real-world examples to demonstrate that
selected data with the data-resolution matrix can provide better inversion results and to explain with the data-resolution
matrix why incorporating higher-mode data in inversion can provide better results. We also calculated model-resolution matrices
in these examples to show the potential of increasing model resolution with selected surface-wave data. 相似文献
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In recent years, surface-wave analysis method has been developed rapidly in many fields. Multichannel analysis of surface waves can provide near-surface one-dimensional shear-wave velocity profiles. Because linearized inversion of surface-wave dispersion curves relies heavily on the choice of the initial model, setting an inappropriate initial model can lead to poor inversion results, or even failure of inversion. However, it is difficult to establish a reasonable initial model without a priori information, which is unavailable in most cases. To cope with this problem, a multiscale linearized inversion method is proposed for surface-wave dispersion curves inversion. In contrast with the traditional single-scale linearized inversion, the key idea of the proposed multiscale surface-wave inversion method is the introduction of a merging and splitting process of layers. After every scale inversion, the merging and splitting operations automatically optimize the inversion model, making it gradually approach to a reasonable subsurface stratification. Multiscale surface-wave inversion method reduces the difficulty of establishing the initial model and has high computational efficiency. In addition, it has strong ability to identify high-velocity or low-velocity interlayers and thin layers, especially suited for the geological conditions with obvious stratification. In synthetic tests, the proposed method was compared with the single-scale surface-wave inversion and particle swarm optimization algorithm to demonstrate the effectiveness and practicability of multiscale surface-wave inversion method. We also applied the multiscale surface-wave inversion method to field seismic data acquired in Guizhou, China and Texas, USA. Borehole and crosshole test data were compared with the inversion results of field data to prove the reliability of the proposed method. 相似文献
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Stefanie Donner Dirk Rößler Frank Krüger Abdolreza Ghods Manfred R. Strecker 《Journal of Seismology》2013,17(3):925-959
The M w 6.2 Baladeh earthquake occurred on 28 May 2004 in the Alborz Mountains, northern Iran. This earthquake was the first strong shock in this intracontinental orogen for which digital regional broadband data are available. The Baladeh event provides a rare opportunity to study fault geometry and ongoing deformation processes using modern seismological methods. A joint inversion for hypocentres and a velocity model plus a surface-wave group dispersion curve analysis were used to obtain an adapted velocity model, customised for mid- and long-period waveform modelling. Based on the new velocity model, regional waveform data of the mainshock and larger aftershocks (M w ?≥3.3) were inverted for moment tensors. For the Baladeh mainshock, this included inversion for kinematic parameters. All analysed earthquakes show dominant thrust mechanisms at depths between 14 and 26 km, with NW–SE striking fault planes. The mainshock ruptured a 28° south-dipping area of 24 × 21 km along a north-easterly direction. The rupture plane of the mainshock does not coincide with the aftershock distribution, neither in map view nor with respect to depth. The considered aftershocks form two main clusters. The eastern cluster is associated with the mainshock. The western cluster does not appear to be connected with the rupture plane of the mainshock but, instead, indicates a second activated fault plane dipping at 85° towards the north. 相似文献
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Yinhe Luo Jianghai Xia Jiangping Liu Qingsheng Liu Shunfang Xu 《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2007,62(4):375-384
Joint inversion of multimode surface waves for estimating the shear (S)-wave velocity has received much attention in recent years. In this paper, we first analyze sensitivity of phase velocities of multimodes of surface waves for a six-layer earth model, and then we invert surface-wave dispersion curves of the theoretical model and a real-world example. Sensitivity analysis shows that fundamental mode data are more sensitive to the S-wave velocities of shallow layers and are concentrated on a very narrow frequency band, while higher mode data are more sensitive to the parameters of relatively deeper layers and are distributed over a wider frequency band. These properties provide a foundation of using a multimode joint inversion to define S-wave velocities. Inversion results of both synthetic data and a real-world example demonstrate that joint inversion with the damped least-square method and the singular-value decomposition technique to invert high-frequency surface waves with fundamental and higher mode data simultaneously can effectively reduce the ambiguity and improve the accuracy of S-wave velocities. 相似文献
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M. Hashizume 《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》1976,11(4):333-351
Phase and group velocities of surface waves with travel paths confined to the Canadian Shield and its surrounding areas were determined in a period range between 5 and 40 sec. The Canadian Seismic Network and three earthquakes of which source parameters are already known were used for this study. Mean phase velocities from source to receiver were determined from phase differences between the focal phases and the observed phase spectra by the single station method. Group velocities were determined by the algorithm of Dziewonski et al. They were put into a program for relocation of epicenters and regional surface-wave velocities by the least-squares method. The area under investigation was divided into six geologically significant regions. Finally, regional surface-wave velocities were inverted to obtain regional earth structures. Taking resolving power into consideration, the earth structures were assumed to have four layers, namely, uppermost crust, granitic layer, basaltic layer, and upper mantle. It was found that the shear velocities in the granitic and basaltic layers of the Canadian Shield are rather uniform laterally, differences for most of the regions are less than 0.015 km/sec. These facts may indicate the uniformness of its formation and the later crustal movements. 相似文献
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Site engineering seismic survey provides basic data for seismic effect analysis. As an important parameter of soil, shear-wave velocity is usually obtained through wave velocity testing in borehole. In this paper, the passive source surface-wave method is introduced into the site engineering seismic survey and practically applied in an engineering site of Shijingshan District. By recording the ubiquitous weak vibration on the earth surface, extract the dispersion curve from the surface-wave components using the SPAC method and obtain the shear-wave velocity structure from inversion. Over the depth of 42 m underground, it totally consists of five layers with interface depth of 3.31, 4.50, 7.23, 17.41, and 42.00 m; and shear-wave velocity of 144.0, 198.3, 339.4, 744.2, and 903.7 m/s, respectively. The inversion result is used to evaluate site classification, determine the maximum shear modulus of soil, provide basis for further seismic hazard analysis and site assessment or site zoning, etc. The result shows that the passive source surface-wave method is feasible in the site engineering seismic survey and can replace boreholes, shorten survey period, and reduce engineering cost to some extent. 相似文献