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1.
瑞利阻尼介质有限元离散模型动力分析的数值稳定性 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
本文针对几种有一般阻尼的动力系数数值积分的显式方法，讨论了阻尼对稳定性的影响，并建议了瑞利阻尼介质有限元离散模型中动力分析数值稳定性的实用稳定判别方法。 相似文献
2.
广东科学中心E区隔震支座的优化布置分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
广东科学中心E区结构体型复杂,刚度和质量在竖向分布不均匀,导致结构扭转效应比较明显.本文结合结构设计提出了五种隔震控制方案.利用SAP2000有限元分析软件,对采用不同控制方案的结构进行了模态分析和时程分析,对比分析了不同方案的控制效果.分析结果表明,采用隔震技术不仅大大降低结构的地震反应,也使结构的扭转效应得到有效的控制.依据分析结果对该工程隔震支座的布置提出建议. 相似文献
3.
Several schemes for scalar advection on unstructured triangular grids are assessed for possible use in ocean modelling applications.
Finite element, finite volume and finite volume–element approaches are evaluated. A series of tests, including a numerical
order of convergence analysis, idealized rotating cone and cylinder experiments, and transport of a tracer through the Stommel
Gyre representation of ocean basin-scale circulation, are carried out. Volume element Eulerian–Lagrangian and third-order
Runge-Kutta discontinuous Galerkin schemes are recommended for use in tracer studies. Taylor–Galerkin and second-order Runge–Kutta
discontinuous Galerkin are found to be robust and accurate second-order schemes. When positivity is required, a fluctuation
redistribution scheme was found to be an easily implemented, accurate, and computationally efficient approach.
Responsible editor: Phil Dyke 相似文献
4.
ABSTRACT The possibility was studied of a gradual extension of the irrigable area of the Tarlac Irrigation System, located in the alluvial plain of Luzon Island (Philippines). The extension would be made by integrating groundwater with surface water supplied from a reservoir already designed. Aquifer exploitation was studied adopting the criterion that groundwater is a very expensive resource to be turned to only in severe drought years. The objectives of the study were twofold: (a) planning the distribution of the wells (to be drilled during the various stages of the irrigation system development) so as to minimize the pumping cost; (b) establishing a policy for the well management in conjunction with the reservoir operation. Different schemes of the combined system management were analysed on the basis of the climatic and hydrological regime over the period 1950–1972. For this period the monthly water requirements for the different crops and the monthly values of aquifer recharge were computed. The economic analyses were performed using present prices of agricultural products and power together with several different hypotheses about future prices. A finite element model of the semiconfined aquifer was postulated and calibrated; the importance of the return flow from irrigation was also tested. Simulations of exploitation schemes provided a detailed forecast of the aquifer response to the irrigation demands. 相似文献
5.
This study developed a finite element method with the effect of soil–fluid–structure interaction to calculate bridge natural frequencies. The finite element model includes bridge girders, piers, foundations, soil, and water. The effective mass above the soil surface was then used to find the first natural frequency in each direction. A field experiment was performed to validate that the natural frequencies calculated using the proposed finite element method had acceptable accuracy. The calculated natural frequencies with the fluid–structure interaction effect are always smaller than those without this effect. However, the frequency change due to the fluid effect is not obvious, so using the soil–structure interaction model is accurate enough in the bridge natural frequency analysis. The trend of the frequency decreases with the increase of the scour depth, but the curve is not smooth because of non-uniform foundation sections and layered soils. However, when the scour depth is such that pile cap is exposed, the changes in natural frequency with the scour depth are more obvious, and this is useful for measurement of the depth using bridge natural frequencies. 相似文献
6.
就大型近场波动的高效数值模拟而言,稳定实现高阶人工边界是一个尚未圆满解决的问题.本文针对使用多次透射公式的SH波动集中质量有限元模拟,依据GKS定理的群速度解释,进一步阐明了人工边界与内域离散格式耦合所导致高频失稳的机理,即两者支持群速度指向内域的外行高频平面谐波,波动能量自发地从人工边界进入內域,从而导致失稳,而这类谐波是由集中质量有限元离散引入的.本文提出了消除此种耦合失稳的一种方法:通过修改有限元刚度阵来改变内域离散格式,并保证修改格式的精度不低于原有格式的精度.理论分析和数值实验表明此法能稳定实现透射边界.本文研究结果具有推广应用前景. 相似文献
7.
A method for analysis of response of axisymmetric towers partly submerged in water to earthquake ground motion is presented. The tower is idealized as a finite element system. The hydrodynamic terms are determined by solving the Laplace equation, governing the dynamics of incompressible fluids, subject to appropriate boundary conditions. For cylindrical towers, these solutions are obtained as explicit mathematical solutions of the boundary value problems; whereas they are obtained by the finite element method in case of towers with non-cylindrical outside surface. The response to earthquake ground motion is determined by step-by-step integration of the equations of motion. Analyses of two actual intake towers are presented to illustrate results obtained by this method. The small computation times required for these analyses demonstrate that the method is very efficient. The effectiveness of this formulation lies in avoiding the analysis of a large system by using a substructure approach and in exploiting the important feature that structural response to earthquake ground motion is essentially contained in the first few modes of vibration of the tower with no surrounding water. 相似文献
8.
Murat Emre Kartal Alemdar Bayraktar Hasan Basri Başağa 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2010
In this study, failure probability of the concrete slab on concrete-faced rockfill (CFR) dams with welded and friction contact is investigated under earthquake effects by reliability analysis. For this purpose, Torul CFR dam is selected as an example and numerical solutions are performed by considering combination of reliability analysis–finite element method. 1992 Erzincan earthquake acceleration record is used in the finite element analysis considering deconvolved-base rock input model. In this model, the ground motion to be applied to the foundation base rock is obtained by deconvolution of the free-field surface record. In the materially nonlinear analysis, Drucker–Prager model is used for concrete slab and multi-linear kinematic hardening model is utilized for rockfill. Geometrically nonlinearity is also taken into account. Viscous boundary conditions are defined in the finite element model for both foundation soil and reservoir water. The hydrodynamic pressure of the reservoir water is considered using 2D fluid finite elements based on the Lagrangian approach. Both welded contact and friction contact based on the Coulomb’s friction law are defined in the structural connections. Improved Rackwitz–Fiessler method is used with response surface method in the reliability analysis. The tensile and compression strengths of the concrete slab are utilized in the implicit limit state functions considering various thicknesses. The probability of failure of the most critical points in the concrete slab is obtained. According to this study, the probabilities of failure obtained from the CFR dam including friction contact are lower. When the welded contact is considered in joints, the probability of failure of the concrete slab is 1 due to tensile stress limit state and compression stress limit state only if concrete slab is linear. The most critical probability of failure of the concrete slab appears in the case that the concrete slab is linear and rockfill is materially nonlinear. The probability of failure of the concrete slab decreases if the nonlinearity of the concrete is considered. Also, hydrodynamic pressure decreases the reliability of the concrete slab. 相似文献
9.
基于大型有限元软件ABAQUS中的荷载模块,添加一阶波浪力载荷模式,并结合强度折减技术,实现波浪力作用下海底斜坡稳定性与失稳机制的弹塑性有限元数值分析。引入典型算例,利用先前提出的波浪荷载下海底斜坡稳定性的极限分析上限方法开展数值解的对比验证;在此基础上,通过深入地变动参数比较分析,探讨不同波长、波高和水深等波浪参数对计算结果的影响以及波浪力影响下海底斜坡潜在滑动面的变化规律,获得波浪荷载下海底斜坡失稳滑动机制的初步认识。 相似文献
10.
陈江 《地震工程与工程振动》2010,30(2)
基于接触非线性有限元模型,以锦屏一级拱坝为例,库水分别采用附加质量模型、可压缩流体有限元模型、不可压缩流体有限元模型计算了正常蓄水位及运行低水位时坝体的动力响应,结果表明:库水模型对拱坝动力响应有较大影响,随库水深度的增大,各模型计算结果差异增大;相比于流体可压缩模型,采用不可压缩流体模型所得动力响应普遍偏大;运行低水位工况,由于静水压力减小导致拱效应减弱,从而降低了拱坝的整体性,因此运行低水位工况各缝开度普遍高于正常蓄水位工况,且其拉应力范围较大,因此,运行低水位工况将对抗震设计起控制作用。 相似文献
11.
Coupling water flow and solute transport into a physically-based surface-subsurface hydrological model 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A distributed-parameter physically-based solute transport model using a novel approach to describe surface-subsurface interactions is coupled to an existing flow model. In the integrated model the same surface routing and mass transport equations are used for both hillslope and channel processes, but with different parametrizations for these two cases. For the subsurface an advanced time-splitting procedure is used to solve the advection-dispersion equation for transport and a standard finite element scheme is used to solve Richards equation for flow. The surface-subsurface interactions are resolved using a mass balance-based surface boundary condition switching algorithm that partitions water and solute into actual fluxes across the land surface and changes in water and mass storage. The time stepping strategy allows the different time scales that characterize surface and subsurface water and solute dynamics to be efficiently and accurately captured. The model features and performance are demonstrated in a series of numerical experiments of hillslope drainage and runoff generation. 相似文献
12.
A new upstream weighting finite element technique is developed for improved solution of the two-phase immiscible flow equations. Unlike the upstream weighting technique used by previous investigators, the new technique does not employ finite difference concepts to achieve the required upstream weighting of relative permeabilities or mobilities. Instead, upstream weighting is achieved by (1) representing the relative permeabilities or mobilities as continuous functions expressed in terms of the shape functions and nodal values (2) using asymmetric weighting functions to weight the spatial terms in the flow equations. These weighting functions are constructed such that they are dependent on the flow direction along each side of an element.In conjunction with the proposed technique, two solution schemes for treating the resulting set of non-linear algebraic equations are presented. These are the fully-implicit chord slope incremental solution scheme and the Newton-Raphson solution scheme. Both schemes allow the use of large time steps without being unstable.The proposed numerical technique is applied to two problems (1) the one-dimensional Buckley-Leverett problem (2) the two-dimensional five-spot well flow problem. Results indicate that this technique is superior to not only earlier finite element schemes but also five-point upstream finite difference formulae. 相似文献
13.
Free surface and saturated-unsaturated analyses of borehole infiltration tests above the water table
Constant head borehole infiltration tests are widely used for the in situ evaluation of saturated hydraulic conductivities of unsaturated soils above the water table. The formulae employed in analysing the results of such tests disregard the fact that some of the infiltrating water may flow under unsaturated conditions. Instead, these formulae are based on various approximations of the classical free surface theory which treats the flow region as if it were fully saturated and enclosed within a distinct envelope, the so-called ‘free surface’. A finite element model capable of solving free surface problems is used to examine the mathematical accuracy of the borehole infiltration formulae. The results show that in the hypothetical case where unsaturated flow does not exist, the approximate formulae are reasonably accurate within·a practical range of borehole conditions. To see what happens under conditions closer to those actually encountered in the field, the effect of unsaturated flow on borehole infiltration is investigated by means of two different numerical models: a mixed explicit-implicit finite element model, and a mixed explicit-implicit integrated finite difference model. Both of these models give nearly identical results; however, the integrated finite difference model is considerably faster than the finite element model. The relatively low computational efficiency of the finite element scheme is attributed to the large number of operations required in order to re-evaluate the conductivity (stiffness) matrix at each iteration in this highly non-linear saturated-unsaturated flow problem. The saturated-unsaturated analysis demonstrates that the classical free surface approach provides a distorted picture of the flow pattern in the soil. Contrary to what one would expect on the basis of this theory, only a finite region of the soil in the immediate vicinity of the borehole is saturated, whereas a significant percentage of the flow takes place under unsaturated conditions. As a consequence of disregarding unsaturated flow, the available formulae may underestimate the saturated hydraulic conductivity of fine grained soils by a factor of two, three, or more. Our saturated-unsaturated analysis leads to an improved design of borehole infiltration tests and a more accurate method for interpreting the results of such tests. The analysis also shows how one can predict the steady state rate of infiltration from data collected during the early transient period of the test. 相似文献
14.
Land subsidence due to subsurface fluid (water, gas, oil) withdrawal is often predicted by either finite element or finite difference numerical models based on coupled poroelastic theory, where the soil is represented as a semi-infinite medium bounded by the traction-free (ground) surface. One of the variables playing a most important role on the final outcome is the flow condition used on the traction-free boundary, which may be assumed as either permeable or impermeable. Although occasionally justified, the assumption of no-flow surface seems to be in general rather unrealistic. A permeable boundary where the fluid pressure is fixed to the external atmospheric pressure appears to be more appropriate. This paper addresses the response, in terms of land subsidence, obtained with a coupled poroelastic finite element model that simulates a distributed pumping from a horizontal aquifer confined between two relatively impervious layers, and takes either a permeable boundary surface, i.e., constant hydraulic potential, or an impermeable boundary, i.e., a zero Neumann flow condition. The analysis reveals that land subsidence is rather sensitive to the flow condition implemented on the traction-free boundary. In general, the no-flow condition leads to an overestimate of the predicted ground surface settlement, which could even be 1 order of magnitude larger than that obtained with the permeable boundary. 相似文献
15.
与圆柱形储液罐相比,预应力蛋形消化池中流体与固体交界面呈弧形面,且结构横截面为变厚度,这就带来了有限元分析的困难。结合厦门市蛋形消化池的结构设计,采用三维有限元技术对预应力蛋形消化池有限元模型进行了整体的静力、动力分析,分析了蛋形消化池中盛有水体时结构的自振频率及在地震载荷作用下的动应力,与国内首次模拟地震振动台试验结果进行了比较,两者符合良好,表明该有限元计算模型是合理的,可以应用于类似特种结构。 相似文献
16.
F.A. Radu N. Suciu J. HoffmannA. Vogel O. Kolditz C.-H. ParkS. Attinger 《Advances in water resources》2011,34(1):47-61
This work deals with a comparison of different numerical schemes for the simulation of contaminant transport in heterogeneous porous media. The numerical methods under consideration are Galerkin finite element (GFE), finite volume (FV), and mixed hybrid finite element (MHFE). Concerning the GFE we use linear and quadratic finite elements with and without upwind stabilization. Besides the classical MHFE a new and an upwind scheme are tested. We consider higher order finite volume schemes as well as two time discretization methods: backward Euler (BE) and the second order backward differentiation formula BDF (2). It is well known that numerical (or artificial) diffusion may cause large errors. Moreover, when the Péclet number is large, a numerical code without some stabilising techniques produces oscillating solutions. Upwind schemes increase the stability but show more numerical diffusion. In this paper we quantify the numerical diffusion for the different discretization schemes and its dependency on the Péclet number. We consider an academic example and a realistic simulation of solute transport in heterogeneous aquifer. In the latter case, the stochastic estimates used as reference were obtained with global random walk (GRW) simulations, free of numerical diffusion. The results presented can be used by researchers to test their numerical schemes and stabilization techniques for simulation of contaminant transport in groundwater. 相似文献
17.
《地震工程与结构动力学》2018,47(5):1309-1328
A direct finite element method for nonlinear earthquake analysis of 2‐dimensional dam–water–foundation rock systems has recently been presented. The analysis procedure uses standard viscous‐damper absorbing boundaries to model the semi‐unbounded foundation‐rock and fluid domains and specifies the seismic input as effective earthquake forces at these boundaries. Presented in this paper is a generalization of the direct finite element method with viscous‐damper boundaries to 3‐dimensional dam–water–foundation rock systems. Step‐by‐step procedures for determining the effective earthquake forces starting from a ground motion specified at a control point on the foundation‐rock surface is developed, and several numerical examples are computed and compared with independent benchmark solutions to demonstrate the effectiveness of the analysis procedure for modeling 3‐dimensional systems. 相似文献
18.
《Advances in water resources》2003,26(11):1189-1198
A two-dimensional finite element based overland flow model was developed and used to study the accuracy and stability of three numerical schemes and watershed parameter aggregation error. The conventional consistent finite element scheme results in oscillations for certain time step ranges. The lumped and the upwind finite element schemes are tested as alternatives to the consistent scheme. The upwind scheme did not improve on the stability or the accuracy of the solution, while the lumped scheme provided stable and accurate solutions for time steps twice the size of time steps needed for the consistent scheme. A new accuracy based dynamic time step estimate for the two-dimensional overland flow kinematic wave solution is developed for the lumped scheme. The newly developed dynamic time step estimates are functions of the mesh size, and time of concentration of the watershed hydrograph. Due to lack of analytical solutions, the time step was developed by comparing numerical solutions of various levels of discretization to a reference solution using a very fine mesh and a very small time step. The time step criteria were tested on a different set of problems and proved to be adequate for accurate and stable solutions. A sensitivity analysis for the watershed slope, Manning’s roughness coefficient and excess rainfall rate was conducted in order to test the effect of parameter aggregation on the stability and accuracy of the solution. The results of this analysis show that aggregation of the slope data resulted in the highest error. The roughness coefficient had a smaller effect on the solution while the rainfall intensity did not show any significant effect on the flow rate solution for the range of rainfall intensity used. This work pioneers the challenge of providing guidelines for accurate and stable numerical solutions of the two-dimensional kinematic wave equations for overland flow. 相似文献
19.
John L. Tassoulas 《地震工程与结构动力学》2011,40(5):531-550
A half‐space finite element and a transmitting boundary are developed for a water‐saturated layered half‐space using a paraxial boundary condition. The exact dynamic stiffness of a half‐space in plane strain is derived and a second‐order paraxial approximation of the stiffness is obtained. A half‐space finite element and a transmitting boundary are then formulated. The development is verified by comparison of the dynamic stiffness of impermeable and permeable rigid strip foundations with other published results. The advantage of using the paraxial boundary condition in comparison with the rigid boundary condition is examined. It is shown that the paraxial boundary condition offers significant gain and the resulting half‐space finite element and transmitting boundary can represent the effects of a water‐saturated layered half‐space with good accuracy and efficiency. In addition, the numerical method described herein maintains the strengths and advantages of the finite element method and can be easily applied to demanding problems of soil–structure interaction in a water‐saturated layered half‐space. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
20.
Mohsen Kamalian Mohammad Kazem Jafari Abdollah Sohrabi-bidar Arash Razmkhah Behrouz Gatmiri 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2006,26(8):753-765
In this paper, an advanced formulation of the time-domain, two-dimensional hybrid finite element–boundary element method (FEM/BEM) is presented, and applied to carry out site response analysis of homogeneous and non-homogeneous topographic structures subjected to incident in-plane motions. Seismic responses of half-plane, horizontally layered site, alluvial valley and ridge sections subjected to incident P and SV waves are analyzed in order to demonstrate the applicability and efficiency of the presented method. The numerical results show that hybrid BE/FE methods require smaller time steps than those needed by BEM schemes. They also show that in case of surface irregularities with height to half-width ratio of up to one, the topography effect could be noticeable, if incident waves have wavelengths of less than approximately eight times the width. 相似文献