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1.
便携式消费级无人机相机标定有效性评估 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文针对近年来在各行业中广泛使用的便携式消费级无人机开展了相机标定有效性研究,分别通过室内标定场和后处理软件对相机进行标定和自标定,在对比无相机标定、飞前相机标定、飞后相机标定和自标定迭代校正等方法所得成图精度后,对不同相机标定方案的有效性进行了评估。结果表明：各种方案成图总体精度差别不大;飞前、飞后相机标定与无相机标定的成图精度相当;自标定迭代校正的成图精度略高于其他方案。可见采用航拍照片自标定参数迭代校正的方法更适合于飞行控制精度和成像系统稳定性都不高的便携式消费级无人机相机标定。 相似文献
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本文从DMC成像特征分析了引起拼接影像变形的系统误差,然后对带附加参数自检校平差模型进行探讨。利用位于河南的嵩山摄影测量遥感定标与综合实验场获取的不同航高DMC数据,比较了在不同航线结构和控制点条件下对求解拼接影像几何变形参数的影响。实验结果表明,3种航线结构自检校都达到了相同的精度,使用2条平行航带可以取代完整航线结构用于日常检校。 相似文献
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Derek D. Lichti Changjae Kim Sonam Jamtsho 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2010,65(4):360-368
This paper describes a new method for integrated range camera system self-calibration in which both traditional camera calibration parameters and rangefinder systematic error parameters are estimated simultaneously in a free-network bundle adjustment of observations to signalised targets. Its mathematical basis is collinearity and range observation equations augmented with correction models for systematic error sources identified in the data. The self-calibration results from datasets captured with two different range cameras, a SwissRanger SR3000 and a SwissRanger SR4000, are presented and analysed in detail. The method’s effectiveness is demonstrated in terms of systematic error removal and independent accuracy assessment. Up to a 54% reduction in the residual RMS was achieved by inclusion of the proposed error models in the self-calibration adjustment. An improvement of at least 74% in the RMS of object point co-ordinate differences, over that achieved without calibration or provided by the manufacturer’s software (in the case of the SR3000), was realised in an independent accuracy assessment. In addition, the effects of several influencing variables, including the range stochastic error model, the network geometry and the range measurements themselves, on key correlation mechanisms are analysed in detail. 相似文献
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Terrestrial Linear Array CCD-based panoramic cameras have been used for purely imaging purposes, but they also have a high potential for use in high accuracy measurement applications. The imaging geometry and the high information content of those images make them suitable candidates for quantitative image analysis. For that a particular sensor model has to be established and the inherent accuracy potential has to be investigated. We developed a sensor model for terrestrial Linear Array-based panoramic cameras by means of a modified bundle adjustment with additional parameters, which models substantial deviations of a real camera from the ideal one. We used 3D straight-line information in addition to tie points to conduct a full calibration and orientation without control point information. Due to the similarity of the operation of laser scanners to panoramic cameras the sensor model of the panoramic cameras was extended for the self-calibration of laser scanners. We present the joint sensor model for panoramic cameras and laser scanners and the results of self-calibration, which indicate a subpixel accuracy level for such highly dynamic systems. Finally we demonstrate the systems’ accuracy of two typical panoramic cameras in 3D point positioning, using both a minimal number of control points and a free network adjustment. With these new panoramic imaging devices we have additional powerful sensors for image recording and efficient 3D object modeling. 相似文献
5.
附约束条件的立体相机标定方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在计算机视觉和摄影测量领域,经常应用立体相机对场景进行高精度的三维重建,其中立体相机的内参数和相机间的固定相对关系的高精度标定是关键的环节。本文推导了立体相机系统的两个相机间之间固定相对关系的六个独立约束条件,并利用这些约束关系按照附有限制条件的间接平差模型进行自检校光束法整体平差解算,从而实现立体相机的标定。最后的模拟数据和实际数据试验说明固定相对关系约束条件的引入,能够有效增加平差系统的多余观测数,提高标定的精度和稳健性。此方法能够方便地推广到多个相机组成的多相机立体量测系统的标定中。 相似文献
6.
全面评价数字高程模型（digital elevation model,DEM）升尺度转换方法的精度,有助于合理选择DEM升尺度转换方法,掌握DEM尺度转换规律及构建新的DEM升尺度转换模型。然而目前关于DEM精度评价的研究成果还难以达到实际应用的要求,从全新的视角寻找客观、高效的DEM升尺度转换结果的精度评价方法仍有待研究。基于地球表面接收太阳辐射的分布特性,提出基于能量因子的DEM精度评价方法,应用于不同DEM升尺度转换方法的精度评价中。基于现有的精度评定与质量评价方法,构建定性与定量分析相结合的综合评价方法,以验证基于能量因子的精度评价方法的合理性和有效性。实验结果表明,基于能量因子的精度评价方法原理简单、操作方便,能够反映升尺度转换后DEM地形空间遮蔽关系的变化情况。该方法为DEM升尺度转换结果的精度评价提供了新的思路和方向,对DEM在定量遥感建模与山区地表生态参量反演等方面的应用具有一定的借鉴意义。 相似文献
7.
基于LiDAR数据的DEM和矢量自动提取探讨 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
近年来LiDAR技术发展迅速,应用潜力巨大.基于TerraSolid软件环境,简要介绍了LiDAR数据的分类,在此基础上,重点讨论了LiDAR数据的DEM和矢量自动提取的相关问题.由LiDAR数据生成的DEM精度较高.但矢量自动提取还未到实用阶段. 相似文献
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An image sequence-based, fully automatic and rather flexible procedure for the calibration of stationary multi-camera systems for 3-D observation of dynamic events is presented and analysed. While conventional close-range camera calibration techniques are either based on a stable point-field with known reference coordinates or on a temporarily stationary point-field with only approximately known 3-D coordinates, which is imaged from different locations and under different orientations with one single camera, the presented technique is based on stationary cameras and moving targets, making use of the image sequence acquisition nature of most solid state cameras. In the simplest version, only one easily detectable marker has to be tracked through image sequences of multiple pre-calibrated cameras, thus avoiding the necessity of homologous feature identification for the establishment of multi-view correspondences; 3-D coordinates of the marker position are not required. This single-marker method does not allow for the determination of the interior orientation. In an extended version allowing for full camera orientation and calibration, a reference bar of known length is moved through object space, with the problem of feature identification and establishment of multi-view correspondences being reduced to the tracking of two targets. The method can only be used with multi-camera systems and is most useful for 3-D motion analysis applications, but may be adapted to a wide range of other applications. The advantages of the method over conventional self-calibration techniques are the trivial establishment of multi-view correspondences, the fact that no temporarily stable target field has to be constructed, and the fact that each camera has to be set up only once. After an explanation of the technique, its performance is examined in detail based on extensive computer simulations, and the practical effectiveness is shown in a pilot study on industrial robot calibration. Based on these studies, recommendations are given concerning the number of reference bar locations, preferable reference bar orientation schemes and the achievable accuracy potential. 相似文献
11.
Modelling the Spatial Distribution of DEM Error 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Bruce H. Carlisle 《Transactions in GIS》2005,9(4):521-540
12.
提出一种能够在强约束条件下快速进行相机标定的方法。通过相机间6个相互独立的约束,充分利用系统的几何条件,确定相邻立体相机的固有关系;再以共线方程为基础推导强约束条件下的平差模型,并应用于自检校光束法平差,从而实现多相机系统的快速标定;最后利用改进的PMVS三维重建方法开展标定后系统的人体三维重建。实验表明,通过加入强约束条件,增加平差的多余观测数,提高了标定精度和鲁棒性,对三维重建的精度亦有较大提高,并且该方法可推广到多个相机组成的多相机立体量测系统的标定中。 相似文献
13.
雷达卫星自动成图的精密干涉测量关键技术 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
本文介绍用于未来自动成图的数字摄影测量智能化新方法之一：精密干涉测量新方法。它采用合成孔径雷达干涉（interferometric SAR,InSAR）技术获取极高精度的地形信息,现已成为最有效的全球测图手段之一。本文提出了面向全球测图的精密干涉测量系统技术,其中包含测量检校技术、数据处理技术及数据后处理技术。首先,需采用定标设备对几何及干涉参数进行测量检校,主要包括方位向时间延迟、距离向时间延迟、大气延迟及基线误差等。其次,需采用检校参数进行干涉数据处理,获取高精度DEM数据,干涉数据处理的关键技术包括相位初值确定方法等。最后,采用区域网平差、长短基线组合及升降轨融合等后处理技术完成全球DEM数据的生产和精度的逐步提升。本文采用6景覆盖陕西地区的TanDEM-X数据进行了数据处理及后处理试验,并获取了山地区域高程精度为5.07 m,低相干面积为0.8 km2的DEM数据,这为我国1∶50 000乃至1∶25 000比例尺全球测图提供了技术参考。 相似文献
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Assessment of Dem Quality for Characterizing Surface Roughness Using Close Range Digital Photogrammetry 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
This paper presents a procedure for assessing the quality of a digital elevation model (DEM) which has been applied to the output of a normalized cross correlation based stereomatching algorithm. Using semimetric photography of natural gravel river bed surfaces acquired in the field, digital photogrammetry was used to extract DEMs automatically for use in characterizing surface roughness properties. The procedure for assessing DEM quality involves examination of (i) ortho-images, to provide a qualitative check on stereomatching performance; (ii) DEM collection statistics which quantify the percentage of correctly matched pixels as a function of those interpolated; and (iii) height differences between check points, measured using independent field survey, and corresponding DEM points. The concepts of precision, accuracy and reliability are defined in the context of DEM quality assessment and methods are outlined which can be used to assess these variables. The assessment is conducted for two adjacent stereopairs with similar characteristics, considering the effects of both DEM collection parameters and different lens models upon DEM quality. Results show that digital photogrammetry, in conjunction with independent field survey, can be used successfully for extracting high resolution, small scale DEMs from natural gravel surfaces. Components (i) and (ii) of the quality assessment suggest the need to optimize DEM collection parameters, although the effects of not using a properly specified lens model were minimal at this scale. Method (iii) showed that increasing stereomatching success does not necessarily lead to more accurately estimated DEM points. However, the use of method (iii) remained difficult because of the scale of the photogrammetric application being used; check point positioning within the photogrammetric co-ordinate system was only possible to ±10 mm which, for a gravel bed surface, was associated with elevation variance of a similar, sometimes greater, magnitude. The next stage of this research will require the use of higher quality check data, possibly from laser profiling. 相似文献
15.
北京一号小卫星多光谱图像波段配准和图像变形评价 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
北京一号小卫星是中国和英国联合研制的一颗实用型、对地观测微小卫星，星上携带中分辨率32m多光谱（近红外、红和绿波段）和4m全色两种有效载荷。为了提高多光谱图像的宽度和时间分辨率，北京一号小卫星的每个多光谱波段都是由两个相机独立成像然后拼接而成。由于这种成像方式很难保证6个相机的主光轴平行，导致图像配准精度较低。针对北京一号小卫星的这种成像特点，本文在图像灰度交叉相关匹配的基础上，发展了一种高精度波段配准算法来评价北京一号小卫星的波段配准精度，并在波段配准的基础上，评价北京一号小卫星多光谱图像的变形一致性。 相似文献
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利用欲诊断的影像匹配结果（ＤＥＭ），由左、右片影像自动生成数字正射像片对和立体正射像片对，然后用影像匹配方法自动量测其高程和高程改正值，从而自动诊断并自行改正原来影像的匹配结果，同时提供ＤＥＭ、数字正射影像和立体正射像片对３种产品。 相似文献
17.
反距离加权插值算法中插值参数对DEM插值误差的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
插值算法是影响DEM精度的主要因素之一,对于插值参数如何影响插值算法并最终影响插值精度却研究较少。这里以反距离加权插值算法中的插值参数为实验对象,选取了6种不同地貌类型的离散点数据,基于中误差度量指标,运用交叉验证方法研究权指数、搜索点数、搜索方向对DEM插值精度的影响。实验结果表明:1)在搜索方向方面,四方向搜索和八方向搜索对提高DEM插值精度并不明显;2)搜索点数为8～12点是较好的选择;3)当权指数≥3时,对DEM插值精度的影响不明显,2或3是较好的选择;4)3因素对DEM插值精度的显著性影响顺序为"权指数>搜索点数>搜索方向"。 相似文献
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Derek D. Lichti 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2010,65(1):93-102
Instrument calibration is recognised as an important process to assure the quality of data captured with a terrestrial laser scanner. While the self-calibration approach can provide optimal estimates of systematic error parameters without the need for specialised equipment or facilities, its success is somewhat hindered by high correlations between model variables. This paper presents the findings of a detailed study into the sources of correlation in terrestrial laser scanner self-calibration for a basic additional parameter set. Several pertinent outcomes, resulting from experiments conducted with simulated data, and 12 real calibration datasets captured with a Faro 880 terrestrial laser scanner, are presented. First, it is demonstrated that panoramic-type scanner self-calibration from only two instrument locations is possible so long as the scans have orthogonal orientation in the horizontal plane. Second, the importance of including scanner tilt angle observations in the adjustment for parameter de-correlation is demonstrated. Third, a new network measure featuring an asymmetric distribution of object points that does not rely upon a priori observation of the instrument position is proposed. It is shown to be an effective means to reduce the correlation between the rangefinder offset and the scanner position parameters. Fourth, the roles of several other influencing variables on parameter correlation are revealed. The paper concludes with a set of recommended design measures to reduce parameter correlation in terrestrial laser scanner self-calibration. 相似文献
19.
Automatic digital elevation model (DEM) generation has become an established technique within mapping agencies. This paper assesses the effectiveness of automatic DEM generation using area-based matching for glaciated terrain in Antarctica. DEM accuracy is assessed by comparison with check data acquired using analytical photogrammetry and independent field measurements.An optimum DEM collection strategy is identified. DEM success is linked to ground terrain type and it is found that areas of a DEM which can be collected successfully are relatively insensitive to changes in the collection strategy. A method of isolating unsuccessful areas of a DEM for manual editing is tested for Antarctic terrain. In this example, over 90% success is achieved in identifying erroneous DEM results measured against check data. 相似文献
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为探究ASTER GDEMV3、SRTM1 DEM和AW3D30 DEM 3种开源DEM数据的高程精度,本文以高精度ICESat-2 ATLAS测高数据为参考数据,利用GIS统计分析、误差相关分析及数理统计对DEM的高程精度进行对比评价。结果表明：①AW3D30的质量最稳定;SRTM1 DEM在平原精度最高;在高原山地精度由高到低依次为AW3D30 DEM、ASTER GDEMV3、SRTM1 DEM。②DEM数据高程精度受地表覆盖影响较大,且与地形因素密切相关,在相同地表覆盖的两个研究区中DEM数据高程精度表现情况不一致,SRTM在平原地表覆盖下精度表现最好,平均误差为3.15 m,AW3D30 DEM在山地地表覆盖下精度表现最好,平均误差为7.61 m。③坡度对DEM数据的高程精度影响较大,在两个研究区3种DEM数据的高程误差均随坡度的增加而增加;坡向对DEM数据的高程精度影响较小,未发现明显的规律。 相似文献