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文章介绍了国家气象中心的台风路径数值预报试验模式和新开发的改进物理过程参数化方案，对１９９２年的５个台风个例初步试验结果表明，改进的物理过程参数化模式对台风路径和台风强度的预报经简单物理过程模式有明显提高，２４ｈ和４８ｈ台风中心位置预报误差分别为１８８ｋｍ和３３７ｋｍ，比原模式减小３８ｋｍ和１０９ｋｍ；４８ｈ台风中心气压与实况之差平均减小３ｈＰａ。 相似文献
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MICAPS平台上温度分县预报方法的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用９２１０工程系统,在Ｍｉｃａｐｓ平台上以Ｔ１０６数值预报产品为因子,用卡尔曼滤波方法制作２４ｈ最低,最高温度客观预报方法其自动业务系统,改变了温度预报依靠主观判断的现状,此方法对温度有较好的预报能力。 相似文献
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地方暴雨增强数值预报模式对江苏地区降水预报能力的检验及分析 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在１９９４年６月中旬－７月中旬期间，江苏省气象台利用地方暴雨增强数值预报模式和实时资料进行了２４ｈ和４８ｈ降水预报业务试验，并对降水预报产品进行了分析和检验，给出了降水预报和实际降水量的对比结果，同时还给出了它们的客观评价值。 相似文献
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短期数值预报产品计释用系统是在吸收了各地ＭＯＳ预报应用研究和使用数值预报产品的经验的基础上，开展的以ＥＣＭＷＦ产品为基础的释用研究而建立起来的一套从资料处理、预报模型研制到日常业务运行的全自动化数值预报产品解释应用系统，该系统能够很好地应用于目前的Ｔ６３产品的释用。 相似文献
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区域降水数值预报产品人工神经网络释用预报研究 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
利用T213、日本细网格降水预报等数值预报产品,采用人工神经网络方法进行预报释用。通过聚类分析方法对广西自治区测站进行分类,简化预报对象,对数量众多的T213数值预报产品采用自然正交分解(EOF)方法,浓缩大量因子的有效信息,并结合日本降水预报因子建立广西5~6月区域降水量级的逐日人工神经网络预报模型。运用与实际业务预报相同的方法进行逐日预报试验。结果表明,用这种数值预报产品释用方法建立广西3个预报区域的B-P人工神经网络预报模型对中雨以上降水量级预报的TS评分分别为0.55、0.5和0.26,比目前业务预报中参考使用的T213和日本数值预报产品降水预报具有更好的预报效果。 相似文献
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Accurate simulation of tropical cyclone tracks is a prerequisite for tropical cyclone risk assessment. Against the spatial characteristics of tropical cyclone tracks in the Northwest Pacific region, stochastic simulation method based on classification model is used to simulate tropical cyclone tracks in this region. Such simulation includes the classification method, the genesis model, the traveling model, and the lysis model. Tropical cyclone tracks in the Northwest Pacific region are classified into five categories on the basis of its movement characteristics and steering positions. In the genesis model, Gaussian kernel probability density functions with the biased cross validation method are used to simulate the annual occurrence number and genesis positions. The traveling model is established on the basis of the mean and mean square error of the historical 6 h latitude and longitude displacements. The termination probability is used as the discrimination standard in the lysis model. Then, this stochastic simulation method of tropical cyclone tracks is applied and qualitatively evaluated with different diagnostics. Results show that the tropical cyclone tracks in Northwest Pacific can be satisfactorily simulated with this classification model. 相似文献
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The characteristics of 200 hPa divergent wind and velocity potential have been analysed for four kinds of tropical cyclone tracks having impact on the SOuth China Sea.It is found that the difference of monsoon circulation in 200 hPa divergence wind field may affect the medium-range movement characteristics of tropical cyclone tracks.Corresponding to the west Pacific subtropical high,the orientation of 200 hPa secondary convergence line and its extension to the west may indicate the variability of track types.The direction of tropical cyclone movement is 2 longitudes west of and parallel to the 200 hPa secondary divergence line. 相似文献
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A barotropic prirnitive equation model is used to simulate the tropical cyclone motion.Tropical cyclonemovements under different environmental flow backgrounds were examined and sensitivity of tropical cyclonetracks were discussed.Conclusions of practical significance have been obtained in this paper. 相似文献
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不同尺度涡旋相互作用对台风的结构和移动的影响 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：7
根据大气运动原始方程组导出一个支配台风中心移动的基本方程，方程中包括了非绝热加热，温度场分布，地形与摩擦等各中能影响台风移动的强迫因子。对非绝热加热与水平温度分布的使用所作分析表明，非轴对称的非绝热引导作用可使台风加速、减速或转向运动；温度场上的准区对台风有吸收作用。 相似文献
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2006年7—9月西北太平洋热带气旋季节活动的数值模拟 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
利用NCEP（National Centers for Environmental Prediction）提供的1°×1°的FNL（final）资料和中尺度WRF（Weather Research and Forecasting）模式,研究了热带气旋（tropical cyclone,简记TC）动力季节预报的可能性,通过在27km的粗网格中运用张弛逼近（Nudging）技术,对2006年7-9月西北太平洋TC活动进行了92d的连续数值积分。与观测结果比较表明,WRF模式不仅较好地模拟了MJO（Madden-Julian oscillation）和准双周振荡的活动情况,而且模拟的TC频数、移动路径和强度都与实际观测结果比较接近。在嵌套的9km网格中,不仅模拟出眼墙、暖心等TC结构的主要特征和TC的西行盛行路径及登陆活动情况,而且所模拟的生成过程包括早期研究中提出的TC生成过程中的两次快速发展的过程。模拟的TC初始涡旋主要出现在季风槽中,伴随准双周振荡活动,它的第一次发展在初始涡旋中心形成强烈的对流区;经过一段时间的减弱后,在有利的大尺度形势下,涡旋中心湿水汽层迅速增厚,导致气旋的第二次强烈发展。 相似文献
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Based on the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) best-track dataset between 1965 and 2009 and the characteristic parameters including tropical cyclone (TC) position, intensity, path length and direction, a method for objective classification of the Northwestern Pacific tropical cyclone tracks is established by using K-means Clustering. The TC lifespan, energy, active season and landfall probability of seven clusters of tropical cyclone tracks are comparatively analyzed. The characteristics of these parameters are quite different among different tropical cyclone track clusters. From the trend of the past two decades, the frequency of the western recurving cluster (accounting for 21.3% of the total) increased, and the lifespan elongated slightly, which differs from the other clusters. The annual variation of the Power Dissipation Index (PDI) of most clusters mainly depended on the TC intensity and frequency. However, the annual variation of the PDI in the northwestern moving then recurving cluster and the pelagic west-northwest moving cluster mainly depended on the frequency. 相似文献
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能量频散对台风结构和移动的作用 总被引：10，自引：10，他引：10
本文用双Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ展开的解析方法和β平面准地转正压模式数值试验的方法，研究了台风涡旋能量频散及其对台风路径的影响问题。解析与数值试验的结果一致地表明，由于能量频散，在台风中心以东方向形成了一个低－高－低值系统的波列。三组数值试验的结果表明，波列中的高值系统对台风的结构和移行具有明显的影响。 相似文献
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钟元 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2002,8(2):207-217
An objective analogue prediction model for tropical cyclone (TC) track is put forward that
comprehensively assesses the environmental field. With the parameters of the tropical cyclone and environmental
field at initial and future time, objective analogue criteria are set up in the model. Analogous samples are
recognized by comprehensive assessment to historical TC cases for similarity with multivariate criteria,using
non-linear analogue indexes especially defined for the purpose. When the historical tracks are
coordinateconverted and weighted with reference to analogue indexes,forecast tracks are determined. As shown
in model verification and forecast experiments, the model has forecasting skill. 相似文献