共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
2.
针对高分辨率遥感影像上道路与相邻近地物的光谱信息相似导致提取道路不理想问题,提出多特征融合的最小二乘支持向量机(least squares support vector machine,LSSVM)遥感影像道路提取方法.该方法首先对原始影像进行色彩变换(HIS)提取光谱饱和度(Saturation,S)分量;然后,采用多尺度分割算法获取道路区域影像对象,并提取影像对象的多种特征作为最小二乘支持向量机分类器的输入;最后,通过最小二乘支持向量机对道路信息进行提取,并通过数学形态优化道路提取结果.结果表明,该方法能够有效地提取复杂场景下的道路信息,提高道路提取的精度. 相似文献
3.
改进支持向量机的高分遥感影像道路提取 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
针对支持向量机受分类数的限制在高分辨率遥感影像中无法直接获取高精度道路网信息的问题,该文提出一种新的混合的基于支持向量机的方法:首先,利用模糊C均值聚类方法将输入的遥感影像分为3类,以减少支持向量机的错分现象;其次,运用支持向量机将不同类别的像素分为道路类和非道路类;最后,应用马尔科夫随机场对分类结果进行噪声去除,并采用形态学进行后处理,进而得到精确道路网信息。实验结果表明:该算法不仅能够从高分辨率遥感影像中提取出道路网,而且精度优于直接使用支持向量机算法以及对比算法。 相似文献
4.
基于多边形的形态分析提出一种城市主干道提取方法。首先根据点线数据生成多边形并计算多边形几何形态指标;然后使用支持向量机集成各项指标对生成的多边形进行形态分类,提取候选主干道多边形;最后根据格式塔理论使用区域增长算法连接候选主干道多边形,提取最终的道路网主干道。实验表明,通过本方法能够快速有效地提取道路网中的平行车道。与道路属性数据中的高等级道路比较发现,本文提取的主干道与道路网的建设等级趋于一致。 相似文献
5.
由于道路与地面在空间上表现相近,因此,仅用空间坐标无法从LiDAR数据中直接提取道路。机载激光扫描系统在获取对象三维信息的同时,也记录了激光经由反射的强度信息,因此能从空间坐标和辐射两个方面表现地物的特性。结合这两种相对独立的信息在激光扫描数据中进行道路提取,提高了提取结果的稳定性。首先利用激光扫描数据的高程滤波去除非地面点;再通过强度信息进行阈值分割得到包含干扰的初始道路区域;然后,利用两组十字剖分线检测初始区域在4个方向的狭长性与宽度一致性,使得狭长状、区域宽度较一致的道路区域同干扰区域具有不同的权值,从而提取真正的道路区域;最终通过对道路区域的细化和平滑,得到道路中心线。实验表明,该方法能够较好地在LiDAR数据中提取出道路并得到道路中心线。 相似文献
6.
利用主题模型的遥感图像场景分类 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
提出了一种基于主题模型与特征组合相结合的遥感图像分类方法。该方法首先对图像进行尺度不变特征变换(SIFT)、几何模糊特征(GB)和颜色直方图特征(CH)提取,接着利用潜在概率语义分析(pLSA)模型分别对所得到的图像特征进行潜在主题的挖掘,然后对所得到的主题概率特征进行组合,最后利用支持向量机(SVM)分类器进行场景分类。实验表明,与传统分类方法相比,主题模型更具优势;与使用单特征相比,特征组合具有更高的分类准确率。 相似文献
7.
为了寻找快速准确、方便调查病态性入侵植物金钟藤分布的方法和技术,该文以海南省定安县为研究区,结合光谱信息与纹理信息,运用支持向量机的分类方法,提取该地区金钟藤信息,并将分类的结果与最大似然法、单源数据(B3波段图像)的支持向量机分类结果进行定性与定量的比较分析。结果表明:基于比值植被指数、B3波段为纹理信息源的支持向量机方法有利于金钟藤信息的提取;通过结合纹理信息和支持向量机的方法,实现了分类精度的提高。 相似文献
8.
从高分辨率遥感影像中提取道路信息具有重要的现实意义。针对现有影像分类方法无法直接获取高精度道路网信息及自动化程度低的问题,本文提出了一种基于OSM(OpenStreetMap)矢量路网辅助的道路提取方法,实现了对高分辨率遥感影像道路快速精确的自动提取。首先,采用灰度形态学的腐蚀、膨胀及开闭操作对遥感影像进行预处理;然后通过OSM路网提供的先验信息,对模糊C均值算法进行改进,并将输入的遥感影像粗分为3类;接着以粗分类结果作为分类特征,通过OSM矢量路网自动获取道路样本,使用支持向量机进行精分类,并采用粒子群优化算法选取最优分类参数;最后对分类结果进行形态学后处理,得到精确的道路网信息。利用两组Google Earth影像进行试验,结果表明,本文算法在道路网提取精度上要优于对比算法。 相似文献
9.
10.
提出了一种充分利用阴影实现自动分类与后处理相结合的建筑物自动提取方法:首先根据阴影和植被自动检测结果并选定裸地样本确定预分类CMap图,并设计了基于偏移阴影分析的建筑物样本自动提取方法,结合支持向量机（support vector machines,SVM）分类模型将影像分为阴影、植被、建筑物、裸地4大类以提取建筑物初始结果;通过形态学处理提升区域完整性,区域增长补充漏检区域,利用设计的相交边界阴影比率筛除无阴影的非建筑物等措施,进行后处理优化获取最终结果。实验表明,充分利用阴影信息,不仅能准确、全面地获取各类样本,保证分类精度,与后处理优化策略紧密结合,大幅度提高了正确率和完整度;并且自动化程度得到有效提高,更适用于城郊区域建筑物的提取。 相似文献
11.
以三峡库区沙镇溪镇-泄滩乡为研究区,探索基于最短描述长度原则的信息增益法对滑坡连续型因子进行离散的效果,计算皮尔森系数去除高相关因子。利用信息量法预测的极低、低易发区随机抽取非滑坡样本点。通过迭代计算袋外误差估计确定较优的随机特征及其数目,将优化后的随机森林对研究区滑坡进行易发性评价,并与逻辑回归等方法进行比较。绘制各算法预测结果的接收灵敏度曲线,其中优化后的随机森林预测结果的曲线下面积较高,达91.8%,表明优化随机森林模型在滑坡易发性评价中具有较高的预测能力。 相似文献
12.
Accurate information on the conditions of road asphalt is necessary for economic development and transportation management. In this study, object-based image analysis (OBIA) rule-sets are proposed based on feature selection technique to extract road asphalt conditions (good and poor) using WorldView-2 (WV-2) satellite data. Different feature selection techniques, including support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF) and chi-square (CHI) are evaluated to indicate the most effective algorithm to identify the best set of OBIA attributes (spatial, spectral, textural and colour). The chi-square algorithm outperformed SVM and RF techniques. The classification result based on CHI algorithm achieved an overall accuracy of 83.19% for the training image (first site). Furthermore, the proposed model was used to examine its performance in different areas; and it achieved accuracy levels of 83.44, 87.80 and 80.26% for the different selected areas. Therefore, the selected method can be potentially useful for detecting road conditions based on WV-2 images. 相似文献
13.
利用决策树和支持向量机分类方法,基于多期Landsat MSS,TM and ETM+遥感图像和其他辅助数据,对1970s以来近40年半干旱的老哈河流域土地利用变化(land use and land cover change,LUCC)进行动态监测,并利用GIS方法对LUCC进行了定量分析和空间分布制图.结果显示,利用支持向量机分类方法对该地区1976年、1989年、1999年和2007年土地覆盖类型分类可达到较满意的效果;近40年老哈河流域土地利用变化显著,水体和草地减少,城乡用地持续扩张,耕地大幅增加,林地和未利用地大幅度波动、总体减少.LUCC主要发生在林地、草地和耕地之间,表明农、林、牧用地之间转换显著,且在各个时期的空间分布差别较大.从变化强度来看,土地利用的年综合变化率最大值渐趋增大,年均土地动态度在空间分布上差异很大,另外在各研究期赤峰市区周边动态度都很大,反映了赤峰市持续性的城市化进程. 相似文献
14.
尺度变化对城市生态环境与人类活动关系的影响研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对空间尺度对城市生态环境与人类活动影响的研究,以南昌市为研究区,划分了300×300、500×500、700×700共3种格网尺度。使用遥感生态指数RSEI（目标向量）量化城市生态环境质量,结合POI点、微博签到点与道路网数据（特征向量）,利用随机森林回归模型分析不同尺度下两者之间的拟合效果。结果表明：①3种尺度下RSEI与POI点、微博签到点与道路网均呈现较强的负相关性;且负相关性最优的为RSEI和微博签到点数据,最差的为RSEI和道路网数据。②300×300尺度下随机森林回归模型的拟合效果最好。随着尺度的变大,拟合的效果会越来越差。③无论尺度如何变化,利用随机森林回归拟合的标准化残差ε均呈正态分布;且随着尺度的变大,ε值空间分布的随机性也逐渐增大。随机森林回归模型为度量尺度对城市生态环境与人类活动的关系研究提供了有效的途径,也为城市生态文明建设提供了科学的依据和参考。 相似文献
15.
16.
交通拥堵检测是城市交通管理工作的重点和难点之一,现有的拥堵检测以路段为单位,不利于拥堵时空演变规律信息的提取,且检测内容大多只涉及拥堵程度,缺少对拥堵类型的识别。基于CART（classification and regression tree）分类树算法,提出一种以路段点为检测单元的拥堵点分类检测方法,该方法可根据路段平均行驶速度实时检测拥堵点及其类型。首先,将路段等距离划分后映射为路段点,根据时空维路况异常规则和异常模式,以路段点为单元分析了4种拥堵类型的时空演变模式;其次,在路段路况检测的基础上,提取路段点路况时空序列,根据不同类型的拥堵模式对路况时空序列进行分类标记;然后,选取4种速度指标作为样本属性集合,按照属性集合提取各路段点在各时段的速度,以此作为决策树学习的数据集;最后,基于CART分类树算法,采用交叉验证的方式训练出最优模型,使其达到最佳的泛化能力。与支持向量机（support vector machine, SVM）分类模型进行比较,实验结果表明,该方法在分类检测交通拥堵点时具有较高的正确率和召回率,且分类检测时效性较好。 相似文献
17.
Huu Duy Nguyen Dinh-Kha Dang Quang-Thanh Bui Alexandru-Ionut Petrisor 《Transactions in GIS》2023,27(5):1614-1640
Natural hazards constitute a diverse category and are unevenly distributed in time and space. This hinders predictive efforts, leading to significant impacts on human life and economies. Multi-hazard prediction is vital for any natural hazard risk management plan. The main objective of this study was the development of a multi-hazard susceptibility mapping framework, by combining two natural hazards—flooding and landslides—in the North Central region of Vietnam. This was accomplished using support vector machines, random forest, and AdaBoost. The input data consisted of 4591 flood points, 1315 landslide points, and 13 conditioning factors, split into training (70%), and testing (30%) datasets. The accuracy of the models' predictions was evaluated using the statistical indices root mean square error, area under curve (AUC), mean absolute error, and coefficient of determination. All proposed models were good at predicting multi-hazard susceptibility, with AUC values over 0.95. Among them, the AUC value for the support vector machine model was 0.98 and 0.99 for landslide and flood, respectively. For the random forest model, these values were 0.98 and 0.98, and for AdaBoost, they were 0.99 and 0.99. The multi-hazard maps were built by combining the landslide and flood susceptibility maps. The results showed that approximately 60% of the study area was affected by landslides, 30% by flood, and 8% by both hazards. These results illustrate how North Central is one of the regions of Vietnam that is most severely affected by natural hazards, particularly flooding, and landslides. The proposed models adapt to evaluate multi-hazard susceptibility at different scales, although expert intervention is also required, to optimize the algorithms. Multi-hazard maps can provide a valuable point of reference for decision makers in sustainable land-use planning and infrastructure development in regions faced with multiple hazards, and to prevent and reduce more effectively the frequency of floods and landslides and their damage to human life and property. 相似文献
18.
机器学习算法在森林地上生物量估算中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
森林地上生物量是森林生产力的重要评价指标,对其进行高效监测对维持全球碳平衡和保护生态系统具有重要意义。本文首先基于冠层高度模型数据,通过分水岭分割算法得到单木冠幅边界;然后在单木冠幅范围内提取23个LiDAR变量,结合佩诺布斯科特试验森林的87组实测数据,利用随机森林和支持向量机建立森林地上生物量估算模型;最后对样地模型估算的结果进行了比较,讨论了预测结果及其精度。结果表明:本文选用的随机森林模型和支持向量机模型在估算森林地上生物量的应用中获得了较高的精度;并且,随机森林模型在基于机载雷达数据估测森林地上生物量中的估算精度更高,模型泛化能力更强,制图精度也更好,具有更好的适用性。 相似文献
19.
C. Sothe C. M. De Almeida M. B. Schimalski L. E. C. La Rosa J. D. B. Castro R. Q. Feitosa 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2020,57(3):369-394
ABSTRACT The classification of tree species can significantly benefit from high spatial and spectral information acquired by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) associated with advanced classification methods. This study investigated the following topics concerning the classification of 16 tree species in two subtropical forest fragments of Southern Brazil: i) the potential integration of UAV-borne hyperspectral images with 3D information derived from their photogrammetric point cloud (PPC); ii) the performance of two machine learning methods (support vector machine – SVM and random forest – RF) when employing different datasets at a pixel and individual tree crown (ITC) levels; iii) the potential of two methods for dealing with the imbalanced sample set problem: a new weighted SVM (wSVM) approach, which attributes different weights to each sample and class, and a deep learning classifier (convolutional neural network – CNN), associated with a previous step to balance the sample set; and finally, iv) the potential of this last classifier for tree species classification as compared to the above mentioned machine learning methods. Results showed that the inclusion of the PPC features to the hyperspectral data provided a great accuracy increase in tree species classification results when conventional machine learning methods were applied, between 13 and 17% depending on the classifier and the study area characteristics. When using the PPC features and the canopy height model (CHM), associated with the majority vote (MV) rule, the SVM, wSVM and RF classifiers reached accuracies similar to the CNN, which outperformed these classifiers for both areas when considering the pixel-based classifications (overall accuracy of 84.4% in Area 1, and 74.95% in Area 2). The CNN was between 22% and 26% more accurate than the SVM and RF when only the hyperspectral bands were employed. The wSVM provided a slight increase in accuracy not only for some lesser represented classes, but also some major classes in Area 2. While conventional machine learning methods are faster, they demonstrated to be less stable to changes in datasets, depending on prior segmentation and hand-engineered features to reach similar accuracies to those attained by the CNN. To date, CNNs have been barely explored for the classification of tree species, and CNN-based classifications in the literature have not dealt with hyperspectral data specifically focusing on tropical environments. This paper thus presents innovative strategies for classifying tree species in subtropical forest areas at a refined legend level, integrating UAV-borne 2D hyperspectral and 3D photogrammetric data and relying on both deep and conventional machine learning approaches. 相似文献
20.
Pece V Gorsevski Paul E Gessler Randy B Foltz William J Elliot 《Transactions in GIS》2006,10(3):395-415
An empirical modeling of road related and non‐road related landslide hazard for a large geographical area using logistic regression in tandem with signal detection theory is presented. This modeling was developed using geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing data, and was implemented on the Clearwater National Forest in central Idaho. The approach is based on explicit and quantitative environmental correlations between observed landslide occurrences, climate, parent material, and environmental attributes while the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves are used as a measure of performance of a predictive rule. The modeling results suggest that development of two independent models for road related and non‐road related landslide hazard was necessary because spatial prediction and predictor variables were different for these models. The probabilistic models of landslide potential may be used as a decision support tool in forest planning involving the maintenance, obliteration or development of new forest roads in steep mountainous terrain. 相似文献