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1.
210Pb、137Cs 计年法已被国内外广泛用于湖泊、河流和海洋现代沉积速率的研究中。本文在 回顾了210Pb、137Cs 计年法应用于海岸带沉积速率研究的现状以及存在问题的基础上, 根据海岸带 沉积环境特征分析了210Pb、137Cs 计年法在应用中应当注意的问题, 包括采样精准性, 样品分离的 分辨率, 数据校正方法的选择及两种方法的相互印证等。从几个方面探讨了提高沉积速率测定精 度的可能性, 同时指出, 210Pb、137Cs 的扩散混合模型的建立, 137Cs 沉积滞后的问题, 以及137Cs、210Pb 计年法的应用范围等仍有待深入探讨。  相似文献   

2.
ESR能够直接测定第四纪碎屑沉积物年代,尤其是对老于距今20万年以上的沉积物而被广泛应用,但其不很高的测年精度及可重复性不高又限制了其应用的广泛性。野外样品采集及室内分析测试的各个环节都会对ESR测年精度产生影响,因此控制这些环节造成的各种误差是提高ESR测年精度的关键。川西-滇北地区部分河流阶地沉积物ESR年代测定结果与地层层序以及区域地质构造事件基本吻合,表明ESR法测定该区河流阶地沉积物的年代是可行的。在野外采样以及实验室内样品处理测试过程中,采取合理的措施,可以把ESR测年的误差控制在10%~15%的范围内,基本能够满足研究的需要。  相似文献   

3.
冰川与冻土     
冰川P534.632005043113西藏阿伊拉日居山南麓第四纪冰川沉积物及其ESR年龄测定=QuaternaryglacialdepositsandtheirESRdatingre sultsonthesouthslopesoftheAyilarijuMountains,TibetAu tonomousRegion/朱大岗,孟宪刚…∥冰川冻土.—2005,27(2).—194~198在西藏札达盆地北缘阿伊拉日居山南北两麓及切割山脉的各沟谷中,分布着4套第四纪冰川与冰水沉积物,其冰川沉积物的电子自旋共振(ESR)测年结果分别为1161~730kaBP、319~336kaBP、211kaBP和105~15kaBP.测年结果表明,在札达盆地北缘阿伊拉日居山南麓所发生的4次冰川作用,其形成…  相似文献   

4.
柯贤坤 《地理研究》1987,6(2):96-96
本文运用现实主义原则,借助干粒度分析、孢粉分析、微体生物分析、重矿物分析和14C年代测定等实验手段,对江苏滨海平原地区现代潮滩沉积和全新世钻孔样品进行了分析对比,主要结论如下。  相似文献   

5.
四苯硼钠—季铵盐质量滴定法分析钾含量研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0       下载免费PDF全文
依据四苯硼钠—季铵盐容量法滴定K+离子的原理,采用质量滴定法,考察了滴定速度、松节油加入量对四苯硼钠与季铵盐反应的影响及共存离子(包括Li+、Mg2+、Ca2+、SO2-4、B4O2-7、CO2-3)对K+含量测定结果的影响。当测定K+离子含量在5~15 mg范围内,松节油最佳加入量为25滴,分析误差< 0.3%。  相似文献   

6.
叶祥清 《地理研究》1983,2(2):82-87
本文介绍了应用碳化理(Li2C2)法进行化学制样测定14C年代获得成功的试验.抑制鋰的升华作用是成功的关键.文中提出了改革鋰反应器冷却装置的根据和方案.试验结果是令人满意的.从CO2到C2H2的转化中碳的收率高达98%(而StC2法为70%左右).本文发表了40个14C年代数据,其中4个进行了互校对比,一致性很好.  相似文献   

7.
冰川     
P534。63 2003032062中国第四纪冰期划分改进建议=A:uggestion to improve th。ehronology of Quaternary glaeiations in China/施雅风//冰川冻土一20D2,24(6)一687一692 由于新情况的出现,需对第四纪冰期划分作适当改进:1)应用ESR测年确定祁连山北坡摆浪河中梁赣海拔2996m,高出现代河床500m处冰硕年代为462.gkaBP,天山乌鲁木齐河上游高出河床200一30Om的主望峰阶地冰琐样品ESR测年为477.IkaBP和459.7kaBP,均相当于MIS12阶段;2)古里雅冰芯记录中相当于MIS3b阶段;3)MIS3a暖期,不仅青藏高原异常暖湿,而且中国全境的降水量普遍高…  相似文献   

8.
北极阿拉斯加巴罗地区现代环境的地球化学特征研究*   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
本文以北极阿拉斯加巴罗地区样品分析为依据,研究泻湖、淡水湖、河流、沼泽、土壤等的环境地球化学特征。结果表明,巴罗地区融冻物理风化作用强烈,化学风化和生物地球化学作用较弱,物质以机械搬运为主,H+为地带性标型元素。地表水化学类型阴离子以Cl-为主,阳离子以K+Na+为主。现代沉积物、地表土壤、沼泽泥炭层有机质含量丰富,最高可达50.07%.大量元素SiO2含量极高,稀有稀土元素、微量元素含量偏低,但Hg、Cd、Cr的含量相对较高。  相似文献   

9.
云南大理点苍山地区更新世晚期沉积地层的ESR测年研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文采用电于自旋共振(ESR)方法测定了云南点苍山地区更新世晚期沉积地层的形成年代。测年结果显示;(1)点苍山地区冰川沉积物的ESR年龄均小于140.35KaBP,说明该地区的第四纪冰川作用最早出现于中更新世晚期,主要发生于晚更新世;(2)点苍山西麓平坡附近最高一级基座阶地的堆积时代为184.3KaBP,证明西洱河阶地系列为中更新世以来的产物;(3)点苍山东侧白雀寺地区深3.7m处的褐红色地展形成的ESR年龄为12218KaBP,揭示出该地层形成于深海氧同位素5e阶段所代表的一个温热气候时期。  相似文献   

10.
本文叙述了沉淀法采集天然水中14C样品的方法。  相似文献   

11.
萨拉乌苏河地区晚更新世环境演化   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
对萨拉乌苏河地区上更新统地层作进一步划分的基础上,本文论述本区晚更新世前期萨拉乌苏组沉积时的古地理环境为暖湿的森林草原.后期城川组主要形成于干冷的荒漠草原-荒漠环境,期间经历了一系列温凉湿润的灌丛草原-疏林草原、森林草原等环境的交替演化过程.  相似文献   

12.
In two of the perennially ice-covered lakes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, lakes Hoare and Bonney in the Taylor Valley, bottom water has 14C ages of 2.7 ka and 10 ka (respectively), rendering 14C ages of bottom sediments highly problematic. Consequently, we tested the effectiveness of thermoluminescence (TL) zeroing in polymineral fine silt material from several depositional environments around and on the lake (stream suspensions, ice-surface sand dune, and silty sand from near the top of the more-than-3m-thick ice). We also conducted TL and infrared-stimulated-luminescence (IRSL) dating tests on material from three box cores recovered from the bottom of Lake Hoare, in a transect away from the abutting Canada Glacier. We observed effective zeroing of light-sensitive TL in suspended silt from one input stream and less effective zeroing from another stream. We observed effective zeroing of light-sensitive TL also in silt from a glacier-proximal eolian ice-surface dune and from sand from within the upper 5 cm of ice. In contrast, in box-core 1, the bottom sediment yielded minimum TL apparent ages of 1500-2600 yrs, with no discernable stratigraphic depth trend. IRSL dating applied to the same box-core samples produced significantly lower age estimates, ranging from ~600 ± 200 yrs to 1440 ± 270 yrs top-to-bottom, an improvement over the depth-constant ~2200 yrs TL ages. In two other cores closer to the Canada Glacier, IRSL ages from ~600 ± 200 yrs (top) to ~ 2900± 300 yrs (at depth) were measured. Not only are the IRSL ages a significant improvement over the TL results, but the near-core-top IRSL ages are also a dramatic improvement over the 14C results (~2.7 ka). IRSL dating has a demonstrated potential to supplant 14C dating for such antarctic lacustrine deposits.  相似文献   

13.
天山阿特奥依纳克河流域冰川沉积序列   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
阿特奥依纳克河位于我国天山的最西段,最大现代冰川作用中心托木尔峰的南麓。在第四纪冰期与间冰期的气候旋回中,该处留下了形态较为完整的6套冰川沉积。应用ESR测年技术 (辅以OSL测年技术) 对冰碛物及其相应的冰水沉积物进行了定年,测得6套冰碛年龄分别为7.3±0.8ka BP (OSL,冰水沙);12.3±1.2ka BP (OSL) 与15~29ka BP;46~54ka BP;56~65ka BP;155.8±15.6ka BP与234.8±23.5ka BP;453.0±45.3ka BP,测年结果表明它们分别形成于新冰期、海洋同位素阶段(MIS)2、3b、4、6、12。第三套冰碛测年结果表明该处MIS3b冰进规模较大,其规模基本上与末次盛冰期 (MIS2) 的规模相当。此处最老冰碛测年结果与我国中段天山乌鲁木齐河源高望峰冰碛的测年结果 (459.7±46ka BP与477.1ka BP) 遥相呼应,老冰碛的年龄显示我国天山西段与中段至少于MIS12进入了冰冻圈,开始发育冰川。  相似文献   

14.
A detailed geomorphologic and morphostratigraphic investigation of raised marine terraces at Cape Cuvier, Western Australia, reveals two morphologically distinct units. A lower, well-developed accretional reef terrace between 3 and 5.5 m above MLWS (mean low-water springs; hereafter denoted as “+”) represents an extended interval of stable sea level. An upper erosional terrace and incipient coralgal rim between + 8.5 to 10.5 m represents a brief sea-level stillstand at this higher elevation. These features suggest the lower and upper terraces developed during discrete sea-level events. In an attempt to better define the timing of emplacement of each marine unit, 20 coral samples collected along vertical and lateral reef growth axis from both terraces were analysed with U-series dating. Unfortunately, all coral samples exhibited elevated δ234Uinitial values, suggesting that pervasive uptake of 234U-enriched uranium and 230Th thorium had occurred. Despite the shortcomings of absolute dating, a succession of events can be resolved though morphostratigraphic relationships. Comparison of the facies relationships, coral growth, and morphostratigraphic features between the lower and upper terraces indicates that an early to mid MIS 5e stillstand at + 3 to 5 m was followed by a late rise to + 8.5 to 10.5 m. This agrees with an emerging global view of MIS 5e sea-level history derived from stable carbonate platforms, rejecting the hypothesis that these higher sea-level benchmarks are an artefact of localized tectonic processes.  相似文献   

15.
南京葫芦洞石笋生长速率及其气候意义讨论   总被引:28,自引:6,他引:22  
一支连续发育4?000年纹层的末次盛冰期葫芦洞石笋的年际生长速率与高分辨率δ18O曲线对比分析表明,年际生长速率在不同时间尺度上对年均温和地表有效湿度的变化有着复杂的响应关系。对该洞内持续发育3~4万年的两支单体石笋实测了33个230Th年龄,其生长曲线显示MIS 2比MIS 3阶段平均生长速率增大了40%以上。以5000年为步长的同一洞穴17支石笋生长频率支持平均生长速率的研究结果,说明在轨道尺度上较大的石笋生长速率并不完全指示较暖湿的气候条件。作者认为,年际尺度的连续生长速率是决定石笋平均生长速率的关键因素。盛冰期条件下本区洞穴内外的温差效应导致了24~14ka B.P.年际尺度的石笋连续生长。  相似文献   

16.
Since 1980, speleothems, mollusc shells and vertebrate teeth have been dated at the Uranium Series Radiometric Laboratory at Oslo University: To date, 44 samples have been dated with 230Th/232Th ratios ≥20. As found with other speleothem dates, they tend to cluster into discreet groups, roughly corresponding to ice-free periods of the Late Pleistocene. The direct connection between speleothem depositon and ice-free surface conditions is not always exactly correct, and it is preferable to operate with ‘speleothem chronozones’ when discussing these phenomena. Speleothem chronozones have been found in Norway for 0 to 12 ka BP (Holocenc), 90 to 130 ka BP (Rana-Fauske Chronozone), 170 to 200 ka BP (Gildeskål Chronozone), and greater than 350 ka BP. The latter samples (>350 ka BP) were all younger than 1.5 ma BP, and they most likely fall within the range of 0.3 to 0.8 ma BP, based on regional means of initial 234Usol;238U. Some samples which were contaminated with detrital Thorium gave ‘corrected’ ages (assuming initial 230Th/232Th = 1.5) of 36, 40, 50 and 60 ka BP, respectively. These dates may correlate with the Weichselian Interstadial complex (Ålesund/Sandnes, 30 to 39 ka BP; Jæren/Nygaard, 40 to 50 ka BP; and Brørup/Jämtland, 58 to 68 ka BP) chronozones. More work is required to clarify the problems and increase the statistical significance of the findings.  相似文献   

17.
古湖岸堤是湖泊湖面变化的地貌学证据,通过古湖岸堤沉积年代学研究可重建地质时期湖泊演化历史。青藏高原内陆湖泊众多,保存了大量的第四纪时期古湖岸堤,是研究过去湖泊演化和气候变化信息的重要载体。对青藏高原班戈错盐湖北岸和东岸的低位连续古湖岸堤开展了地貌调查和光释光年代学研究。结果表明班戈错自末次冰消期(13. 5±1. 2 ka BP)以来,湖面整体呈波动下降过程,期间出现了4期湖面稳定阶段,分别在末次冰消期(13. 5±1. 2~11. 2±1. 0 ka BP)、全新世早中期(10. 1±0. 8~6. 5±0. 5 ka BP)、全新世后期(4. 2±0. 4~3. 1±0. 2 ka BP)以及全新世晚期(1. 7±0. 1~1. 2±0. 1 ka BP)。全新世晚期约1. 7 ka BP以后湖面迅速退缩,湖泊蒸发浓缩进入盐湖阶段。在末次冰消期班戈错高湖面形成主要与北半球太阳辐射强度增加引起气温升高,导致区域冰雪融水量增加相关,而在全新世湖面变化主要受印度季风强度变化控制。  相似文献   

18.
Since the 20th century, numerous Quaternary moraine dating methods have emerged, including lichenometric, moraine 14C, quartz sand thermoluminescence (TL), electron spin resonance (ESR), optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and 10Be, 26A1, 36C1, 3H, 21Ne nuclide dating methods. These dating methods are widely applied to determine moraine ages and have provided a large dataset. Unfortunately each method has its defects. In this paper, we will review these various dating methods and provide some comments.  相似文献   

19.
地质历史过程中全新世时期是一个温暖湿润的间冰期气候过程,中间出现过多次变冷或变干的快速气候事件。BL剖面位于库姆塔格沙漠东南缘,是一典型的风成砂黄土沉积地层,沉积厚度约350 cm。通过沉积地层光释光测年和沉积物粒度变化分析,结果显示:(1)BL剖面沉积的年代始于8.3 ka,处在全新世早期;(2)区域干旱气候条件下,反映冬季风的代用指标则以粗端组分含量为主,BL剖面沉积物平均粒度受到颗粒粗端的影响较大,对比3个不同粗颗粒组分含量所指示的古气候变化,选用>110 μm的沉积物颗粒组分含量作为冬季风研究的替代性指标,具有较好的指示意义;(3)剖面粒度对全新世中晚期的6次气候快速变化过程均有不同程度的记录,其特点是对全球性冷事件敏感性较强,对干旱事件响应较弱。对库姆塔格沙漠地区全新世气候过程的研究,可为极端干旱区域气候对全球气候变化过程的响应提供一定借鉴。  相似文献   

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