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针对利用最小二乘配置处理多波束测深数据,存在二次曲面数学模型通常无法精确表征海底地形的整体变化趋势以及观测数据存在粗差或异常点时,常规方法给出的协方差函数不能精确表征其统计特性的问题,本文提出了一种抗差最小二乘配置迭代解法。该方法首先进行协方差函数和观测值方差阵初始化,以多面函数拟合趋势项,然后应用等价权抗差估计并通过迭代计算,最终给出稳健的协方差函数参数解及最小二乘配置解。利用本文提出的方法及传统的方法处理实测的多波束测深数据,试验结果表明,相比于传统的方法,本文提出的方法能够较好地表征海底地形的整体变化趋势,一定程度上克服了多波束测深数据中粗差或异常点的影响。相比于传统的抗差方法,本文方法更为有效地识别出测深数据中异常点,推估效果较好,具有稳健性。 相似文献
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刘洪 《测绘与空间地理信息》2018,(4):202-204,207
单波束测深技术因其成本低、精度高、操作简单等特点被广泛应用于水下地形测量,然而在声速设定正确的情况下,测深仪的观测值仍会存在一定数量的粗差。本文针对单波束测深数据中的粗差问题,利用三次曲面函数构造格网模型,采用选权迭代法进行抗差估计,对观测值中的多个粗差迭代降权,以提高水下地形模型精度。本文结合西江某航道码头水下地形测量工程实例,对单波束测深数据进行处理和水下地形建模,验证了该算法在单波束测深数据粗差探测和水下地形建模中的可行性和有效性。 相似文献
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采用不确定度理论进行评估是目前多波束测深数据质量的一个新的研究热点。基于国际海道测量标准(S-44),分析了适用于海道测量数据处理的不确定度评估方法;提出了基于多波束测深数据水深不确定度的数据质量等值线表征法。通过采用实例进行分析与评定表明,该方法为准确直观地评估多波束测深数据质量提供了理论依据和参考。 相似文献
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针对传统CUBE（combined uncertainty bathymetry estimation）算法在水下边坡乱石区多波束测深数据滤波中表现出的水深估计不准确、地形特征模糊和粗差剔除能力不足等问题,基于乱石区测深数据特点,提出二次CUBE滤波算法,给出了位置和水深同步估计的思想和方法、顾及地形梯度的平面和水深不确定度传递模型、参考水深的多重估计和优选新算法,以及顾及地形梯度的二次水深估计模型,综合实现了乱石区水深的准确估计和粗差的自动准确检测。试验表明,本文给出的方法实现了粗差的自动准确剔除,提高了传统CUBE算法水深估值的精度,算法效率和抗差性更强,形成的地形特征更加准确。 相似文献
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目前国内多波束测深系统质量检验不够成熟,仪器质量和测量数据的可靠性和准确性都无法得到保证,为此,提出一种基于消声水池的多波束测深不确定度检测方法。通过建立基于消声水池的测深声呐检测硬件、软件平台,削弱了由于实验环境带来的各种误差及不确定度因素的影响,提高了检测的精度与可信度。对R2 Sonic2024型多波束测深仪进行几何指标检定实验和精度评定分析,精度较高的中央波束水深值总误差服从正态分布,计算其置信区间及落入置信区间的概率,剔除不符值,使其满足置信度为95%,并计算比对差均值。实验结果表明,该多波束测深不确定度检测方法切实可行,能比较客观地用于多波束测深不确定度检测。 相似文献
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针对多波束单ping水深数据多呈现较为复杂的曲线形式的现象，提出了基于逆传播（back propagation，BP）神经网络的多波束测深数据粗差剔除方法，即依据BP神经网络具有从输入到输出的映射功能，构建适应多波束单ping水深数据复杂曲线的训练学习算法进行曲线拟合。考虑地形之间的延续性进行相邻ping水深数据间的相关性分析，纵向检查定位并剔除粗差。通过实测多波束测深数据验证该方法的有效性，并与不确定性与测深学联合估值滤波以及交互式滤波方法进行比对分析，结果表明该方法可以有效剔除多波束测深数据中的粗差。 相似文献
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采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的
污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体
污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。 相似文献
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Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
C. Bhuiyan R.P. Singh F.N. Kogan 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2006,8(4):289-302
The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw. 相似文献
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Piyoosh Rautela Ramesh Chandra Lakhera 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2000,2(3-4)
The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies. 相似文献
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ZHAN F. Benjamin 《地球空间信息科学学报》2011,(1)
Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200... 相似文献
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GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议. 相似文献
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“4D”技术及其应用 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(1):66-87
Abstract Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised. 相似文献
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自动车辆定位导航系统中传感器的误差分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对国界定位导航系统中几种常见的辅助传感器所产生的误差进行了分析，导出了不同传感器的误差模型。这些误差模型是估计车辆位置的扩展卡尔曼滤波器的基础，同时也为选择适当的传感器提供了理论根据。 相似文献