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1.
綦村岩体是冀南邯邢地区典型的中生代高镁闪长岩杂岩体,主要由斑状黑云母角闪闪长岩、角闪闪长岩、闪长岩、二长岩和少量辉长岩组成。对綦村斑状黑云母角闪闪长岩进行了较为详细的成因矿物学研究,探讨了其成因及其地质意义。研究发现,綦村斑状黑云母角闪闪长岩中的角闪石多为镁铝钙闪石和镁角闪石;黑云母主要为富镁黑云母;斜长石发育环带结构,核部以中长石和拉长石为主,边部多为更长石。角闪石矿物温压计估算结果显示,角闪石斑晶的形成温度为930~970 ℃,压力介于300~340 MPa之间,深度10~15 km,氧逸度为ΔNNO+0.1~+2.3,平衡熔融体中的水含量4.8%~5.5%;与黑云母平衡的角闪石形成温度为684~760 ℃,压力降低至42~61 MPa,熔体中水含量降至3.1%~4.3%,氧逸度为ΔNNO+0.7~+2.4。黑云母温度计和氧逸度计获得的结果与角闪石温压计估算结果一致。该结果表明,研究区高氧逸度的铁镁质岩浆在中地壳曾经驻留,并发生了以角闪石为主的结晶分异,富含挥发分的分异岩浆在后期快速侵位形成高镁闪长岩和矽卡岩型铁矿。  相似文献   

2.
为阐释岩浆两阶段演化过程及其与铁成矿的关系,对邯邢铁矿区斑状石英二长岩中角闪石斑晶环带结构进行了成因矿物学研究.通过角闪石温度计、压力计、氧逸度计和湿度计的计算,发现岩浆在14km深处岩浆房内经过多次岩浆混合过程,其后演化的岩浆侵位到1.9 km的深度.岩浆房的温度为935～964℃,氧逸度为△NNO+0.27～△NN...  相似文献   

3.
萨亚克大型铜矿田位于哈萨克斯坦北巴尔喀什斑岩成矿带中部,以矽卡岩型矿床为主。通过对矿区石英闪长岩的矿物化学和地球化学研究,发现石英闪长岩呈斑状结构,斑晶为斜长石和角闪石,其中的斜长石斑晶主要为中长石,角闪石斑晶为镁质普通角闪石;岩石属于高钾钙碱性系列,富集Rb、Sr、Ba等大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,亏损Nb、Ta和重稀土元素,高Sr/Y、La/Yb比值,与埃达克岩相似。地球化学特征指示萨亚克矿区侵入岩形成于岛弧环境,为矽卡岩-斑岩型成矿提供了有利的构造背景,岩石可能是岛弧玄武质岩浆在高压下经结晶分异而成。根据角闪石温压计及其成分与氧逸度和岩浆中水含量之间的关系,确定萨亚克石英闪长玢岩中角闪石斑晶结晶时岩浆的温度为799~843℃、处于3.6~9.6km深度范围内(P=1.2~3.2kbar)、氧逸度logfO2=-11.5~-12.0(ΔFMQ=2.0~2.8)、平均水含量为1.2%,相对较高的氧逸度和水含量有利于形成富含挥发分和Cu、Au等成矿物质的岩浆,是最终演化形成大型岩浆-热液型铜矿田(斑岩型、矽卡岩型)的有利条件。  相似文献   

4.
《地学前缘》2016,(3):221-229
本文主要针对安徽铜陵焦冲金矿区的闪长玢岩进行了详细的岩相学观察和矿物电子探针分析。岩相学观察表明,岩石内发育独特的石英斑晶、斜长石斑晶及其中的角闪石包裹体和角闪石斑晶。石英斑晶呈港湾状或次圆形,由溶蚀的次圆形内核和生长边构成,在内核与边部之间有熔融包裹体产出;斜长石斑晶具明显的"核-幔-边"环带结构,幔部发育明显的溶蚀界面,溶蚀界面处大量熔融包裹体呈环带分布;角闪石包裹体分别包裹于斜长石斑晶的核部和幔部,后者的边部被溶蚀呈次圆形;角闪石斑晶呈长条形,包裹有细针状的磷灰石。电子探针分析结果表明,斜长石中An含量自核部至边缘呈降低趋势,幔部出现多个An峰值;而来自斜长石斑晶核部、幔部和基质中的角闪石Al2O3含量从核部至基质也逐渐下降。采用角闪石-斜长石温压计和角闪石全铝压力计,分别对斜长石斑晶核部及包裹的角闪石、斜长石斑晶幔部及包裹的角闪石和基质中共生的角闪石-斜长石微晶的结晶温度和压力进行估计,结果表明,温度为806.84~808.75、791.00~797.86和660.3~683.9℃,压力为675~706、463~487和206~212 MPa,对应的形成深度为25.52~26.70、17.50~18.40和7.79~8.02km。角闪石斑晶的结晶压力和深度为448~483MPa和16.93~18.25km,与包裹于斜长石幔部的角闪石包裹体一致。根据以上岩相学和角闪石-斜长石矿物化学分析结果,本文提出一个多重岩浆房模型:来自深部幔源的流体(透岩浆流体)将不同层位的岩浆房串联活化,活化后的中基性岩浆和花岗闪长质岩浆混合形成中性岩浆,最后中性富流体的岩浆快速上侵冷却就位于地表,同时释放大量的挥发分(含矿物质),后期的减压排气作用可能是主要的成矿机制。  相似文献   

5.
《地学前缘》2017,(6):80-97
似斑状角闪辉长岩类是东天山镁铁-超镁铁杂岩的一部分,以含有嵌晶角闪石为特征,其中部分岩体的似斑状角闪辉长岩赋存铁钛氧化物矿床。为探讨东天山似斑状角闪辉长岩类和铁钛氧化物矿床形成的内在成因关系,本次研究对二红洼、牛毛泉和香山西似斑状角闪辉长岩类的斜长石、单斜辉石、斜方辉石以及嵌晶角闪石进行了系统的电子探针成分分析,并对其形成物理化学条件进行了探讨。结果表明,东天山似斑状角闪辉长岩类的母岩浆氧逸度变化范围为NNO-0.37~NNO+1.15,和攀西地区最大的红格岩体的氧逸度一致,侵入于中下地壳,深度介于8.9~15.7km,结晶温度大于914℃。东天山似斑状角闪辉长岩中铁钛氧化物矿床的富集得益于母岩浆的高氧逸度,但铁钛氧化物矿床的形成和规模则受控于各个岩体的岩浆演化程度。二红洼、牛毛泉和香山西的岩浆的演化程度系统增高,演化程度最低的二红洼岩体并未形成铁钛氧化物矿床,而分异演化程度逐渐增高的牛毛泉和香山西似斑状角闪辉长岩类则分别形成了本区一个小型的和一个大型的铁钛氧化物矿床。  相似文献   

6.
段登飞  蒋少涌 《岩石学报》2017,33(11):3507-3517
为了解长江中下游地区与金铜矿化有关的岩体在浅部的演化过程及其对成矿的作用,本文对鄂东南矿集区鸡冠嘴矽卡岩型金铜矿成矿岩体石英二长闪长斑岩进行了详细的岩相学观察,并利用电子探针(EMPA)分析了其中辉石和角闪石的主量成分。岩相学特征显示辉石形成时间早于角闪石。辉石成分变化较小,而角闪石成分变化较大。角闪石可根据Al的含量分为高低两组,即高铝含量的自形角闪石以及低铝含量的半自形及他形角闪石。高铝角闪石又不同程度的被低铝角闪石交代。通过矿物温压计估算辉石形成的温度和压力为1055~1071℃(平均1060℃)和224~312MPa(平均255MPa)。高铝角闪石形成的温度和压力为809~864℃(平均833℃),108~193MPa(平均137MPa),低铝角闪石形成的温度和压力为721~766℃(平均741℃),48~67MPa(平均56MPa)。岩浆具有较高的氧逸度,并且从高铝角闪石到低铝角闪石,熔体的氧逸度从△NNO+0.6升高到△NNO+1.9。岩浆经历了连续的侵位历史,从9.6km到5.2km的岩浆房再到2.1km的浅地壳处就位。岩浆在9.6km处经历了辉石的分离结晶,在5.2km处经历了角闪石及少部分斜长石的分离结晶,在2.1km处经历由于降压引起的流体出溶。由于深部的分离结晶作用,熔体中的水含量增加,氧逸度升高。较高的水含量使岩浆更容易演化出成矿热液,较高的氧逸度使岩浆演化早期没有硫化物的分离结晶,从而阻止了成矿元素在岩浆演化早期亏损。鸡冠嘴岩体较浅的就位深度也更有利于成矿流体的析出。这些因素共同作用形成了鸡冠嘴金铜矿床。  相似文献   

7.
阿热岩体呈NNE方向展布于义敦岛弧带中甸弧南端,与相邻格咱断裂方向一致。岩体主要发育有角闪闪长玢岩、辉石闪长玢岩、含辉石角闪闪长玢岩及石英闪长玢岩。本文根据岩体内斑晶分布特征,选择角闪闪长玢岩、辉石闪长玢岩及含辉石角闪闪长玢岩及其析离体中的角闪石和单斜辉石进行岩相学及矿物化学研究,其结果显示岩体中角闪石及单斜辉石均分为高Mg#及低Mg#两类,角闪石及辉石均发育与岩浆混合作用相关的不平衡结构,存在同源异相岩浆混合作用,分异结晶作用不明显;成岩岩浆与三叠纪俯冲的甘孜-理塘洋壳板片有关,俯冲过程中板片脱水形成的流体及部分熔融形成的熔体与地幔楔交代是其岩浆形成的重要机制,其岩浆过程主要受构造应力控制,由不富水或局部富水岩浆向富水岩浆演化,具高MgO及SiO2/Al2O3向低MgO及SiO2/Al2O3演化的特点;角闪石温度压力估算结果显示先形成的低Mg#角闪石结晶压力远大于高Mg#角闪石。根据岩浆侵位的构造、压力环境及其动力学背景,我们认为甘孜-理塘洋壳向西俯冲过程中由于中咱地块西侧的羌塘地块于中三叠时期(~230Ma)开始向东挤压碰撞,在此过程中洋壳板片可能发生断离,导致该区背景构造挤压应力在228~219Ma期间先增大后变小。  相似文献   

8.
湖北铜绿山矽卡岩型铜铁矿床处于长江中下游铁铜成矿带西部的鄂东南矿集区。最近我们在该矿区工作中采集到两条侵入于含矿石英二长闪长玢岩中的煌斑岩脉。本文对这些煌斑岩脉进行了详细的镜下岩相学观察,并对其中造岩矿物黑云母、辉石和长石进行了电子探针成分分析。根据这些数据本文论述了煌斑岩的物源、形成环境以及岩浆体系的物理化学条件。研究表明,煌斑岩中云母为富镁黑云母,其形成的岩浆体系处于中低氧逸度(近Ni-Ni O);黑云母与全岩都具有高钛特征,表明煌斑岩的物源深度可能来自较深部地幔(如软流圈)。煌斑岩中辉石为单斜辉石,环带较为发育,有韵律环带和正环带,其韵律环带的形成可能是由于岩浆温压环境存在振荡性变化而形成的。铜绿山矿床中煌斑岩属于云煌岩;其岩浆来源具幔源性,受到地壳的混染作用不强。  相似文献   

9.
对位于秦岭-大别造山带的沙坪沟钼矿矿区出露的橄榄角闪石岩开展了系统的岩石学、岩相学及电子探针原位分析,厘定了其成岩物理化学条件,并探讨了岩石成因及形成的构造环境。橄榄角闪石岩主要造岩矿物为橄榄石、角闪石、金云母和辉石;副矿物为磷灰石、铬铁尖晶石、镁铁尖晶石、磁铁矿、磁黄铁矿、镍黄铁矿等。电子探针原位分析结果显示,橄榄石属于贵橄榄石系列,角闪石主要是韭闪石,辉石为透辉石,云母为金云母。造岩矿物结晶顺序为橄榄石-辉石-角闪石,结晶温度介于1 111. 64～1 223. 30℃之间,形成压力为350～740 MPa,形成于较高的氧逸度环境(角闪石结晶时的氧逸度范围为NNO+0. 59～NNO+2. 27)。角闪石和金云母的矿物学特征显示它们均是与幔源岩浆作用相关的原生矿物,表明该套基性-超基性岩与幔源岩浆作用有关。综合分析认为,在大别造山带中生代地壳减薄的伸展构造背景下,该橄榄角闪石岩母岩浆源于地幔,是经过地幔7. 92%部分熔融的玄武质岩浆经结晶分异作用形成的幔源岩浆底侵下地壳的产物。  相似文献   

10.
位于青蔵高原东北部的东昆仑造山带在晚二叠世到晚三叠世时期形成了大规模壳幔混合成因的花岗岩类,是研究壳幔相互作用和陆壳生长-再循环的理想场所.对该造山带的瑙木浑沟闪长玢岩岩体开展了详细的岩相学、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素年代学、矿物化学、岩石地球化学和Sr-Nd同位素的研究.结果显示,瑙木浑沟闪长玢岩形成年龄为215.6±3.4 Ma,属于晚三叠世岩浆作用的产物.斑晶主要由斜长石和角闪石构成,斜长石斑晶为中长石和少量拉长石,并具有正环带和反环带两种类型,角闪石斑晶属于浅闪石.闪长玢岩具有准铝质到弱过铝质、相对富Mg#（~51.2）和中-高钾钙碱性特点,轻稀土元素相对富集,重稀土元素相对亏损,富集Rb、Th、Ba和K等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta和Ti等高场强元素,具有明显陆缘弧岩浆活动的特征.此外,岩石具有均一的ISr值（0.708 6~0.708 8）和相对较低εNd（t）（-5.3~-4.8）,并具有相对较古老的模式年龄TDM2（1.38~1.43 Ga）.上述矿物学和地球化学特征说明,闪长玢岩可能起源于富集的岩石圈地幔部分熔融形成的幔源岩浆上涌引发古老地壳熔融,并与壳源熔体均匀混合形成母岩浆,形成方式具有明显的MASH特征.结合区域地质研究,认为瑙木浑沟闪长玢岩可能形成于阿尼玛卿洋俯冲至晚期并向大陆碰撞的转换阶段,可能代表了巴颜克拉-松潘甘孜-东昆仑地体拼合的岩浆延迟反应产物.这对于理解造山带背景下从洋壳俯冲到陆-陆碰撞以及后碰撞过程的陆壳增长过程至关重要.   相似文献   

11.
At least 16 Pliocene hypabyssal intrusions crop out within the Gunung Bijih (Ertsberg) Mining District in Irian Jaya (western New Guinea), Indonesia. Several Cu-Au ore deposits are associated spatially and genetically with these young hypabyssal intrusions. Approximately 188 mt of Cu-Au skarn ore has been delineated or produced from the district. Most of these skarns are associated with a quartz monzonite to quartz monzodiorite stock (the Ertsberg Intrusion). The Grasberg Complex, a series of nested intrusions, hosts a supergiant porphyry copper deposit containing ～9.8 mt of Cu-Au ore.

Textural and mineralogical differences among the intrusions are largely the result of crystallization at different crustal levels. The intrusions were emplaced at ≤ 2 km depth into deformed sedimentary rocks that originally were deposited on the northern margin of the Australian continent. Emplacement of at least one intrusion was controlled by cross-cutting NW- and NE-trending fault sets. Intrusions within the Gunung Bijih District can be divided into a “high-K” group of latites, trachydacites, and trachytes, and a “low-K” group of medium- to high-K andesites and dacites.

The high-K group of intrusions is volumetrically more important (at current levels of exposure), containing the two largest igneous bodies in the district: the Ertsberg Intrusion and the Grasberg Complex. The Ertsberg Intrusion is a single intrusion with an estimated volume of 10 to 20 km3. The Grasberg Complex, which has an outcrop area comparable to that of the Ertsberg, consists of a series of small (≤4 km3) intrusions. All other intrusions in the study area appear to be ≤1 km3 in volume.

The Ertsberg Intrusion is equigranular, with only a few phenocrysts and a generally coarser grain size than the other intrusions. In contrast to most district intrusions, the Ertsberg contains only trace amounts of amphibole. Despite its large (for the district) volume, the Ertsberg is relatively homogeneous in terms of mineral content and mineral compositions. These observations, along with the occurrence of near end-member magnetite in the Ertsberg, suggest that this intrusion was emplaced in the shallow (≤2 km) crust as a single pulse of crystal-poor magma, which then cooled slowly. At this depth, the dissolved H2O content of the magma remained too low to stabilize amphibole throughout crystallization. Coexisting titanite, diop-side, magnetite, and quartz, with no ilmenite, suggests oxygen fugacity in the Ertsberg was at least one log unit above the nickel-nickel oxide (NNO) buffer.

Other intrusions in the district, including those in the Grasberg Complex, are porphyritic, containing 40% to 60% phenocrysts in fine-grained (usually ≤10 μm) groundmass. These intrusions commonly contain 5% to 20% amphibole or pseudomorphs of alteration minerals after amphibole. These intrusions crystallized phenocrysts at depth (10-15 km?) where increased confining pressure allowed dissolved H2O contents to build up enough to stabilize amphibole. Strongly zoned plagioclase phenocrysts in low-K intrusions indicate that low-K intrusions reached H2O saturation early in their crystallization history, and that low-K magmas crystallized with higher dissolved H2O contents than did porphyritic high-K magmas. None of the porphyritic intrusions contain mineral assemblages indicative of oxygen fugacity, but the lack of orthopyroxene in these intrusions may indicate oxygen fugacities greater than the minimum estimated for the Ertsberg Intrusion.  相似文献   

12.
The Han-Xing region is located in the south Taihang Mountains (TM) in the central part of the North China Craton, and is an important iron producing area. The iron deposits in this region are of skarn type, related to an Early Cretaceous high-Mg diorite complex, including gabbro diorite, hornblende diorite, diorite, diorite porphyrite, and monzonite. In this study we report the detailed mineral chemistry of the high-Mg diorites and skarn rocks. The olivine in the gabbro diorite shows chemical composition similar to that in mantle peridotite xenoliths. Clinopyroxene in the gabbro diorite is dominantly augite, with only minor diopside, whereas the clinopyroxenes in the diorite and monzonite are diopside. Amphiboles in the high-Mg diorites show compositional range from magnesiohornblende to magnesiohastingsite, with minor pargasite and tschermakite. Most plagioclase in the high-Mg diorite is andesine and oligoclase. The magnesio-biotite in gabbro diorites shows chemical characteristics of re-equilibrated primary biotites and those in calc-alkaline rocks. In the diorite and diorite porphyrite, plagioclase shows complex chemical zoning. Clinopyroxene and garnet in skarn rocks show varying FeO contents, the former containing low FeO (< 9 wt.%) and occurring as the major skarn mineral in large-scale iron deposits, and the latter within small-scale iron deposits with high FeO (mostly > 25 wt.%) content. We computed the pressure, temperature, oxygen fugacity and water contents based on the mineral chemistry of amphibole and biotite. Based on the results, the magma crystallization can be divided into two stages, one within the deep magma chamber, forming clinopyroxene, amphibole and plagioclase phenocrysts; the other after emplacement, forming the rim of phenocrysts and matrix minerals. The magma during the early stage shows high temperature (~ 900 °C–950 °C), pressure (~ 300 MPa–500 MPa), relatively high logfO2 (NNO–NNO + 2), and H2O content in melt (4%–8%). During the late stage, the magma temperature dropped to about 750 °C, and pressure came down to less than 100 MPa, with the logfO2 rising to NNO + 1–NNO + 2.The zoning of amphibole and plagioclase records the process of magma mixing and crystallization, with injection of mafic magma into the felsic magma chamber. The relatively high logfO2 and H2O content inhibited partitioning of iron into mafic minerals and favored concentration of Fe in the melt. Iron ore precipitation occurred when the magma was emplaced at shallow level, and was principally controlled by the chemical composition of carbonate wall rocks. The high logfO2, Fe3 + rich ore-forming fluid generated andradite and clinopyroxene when it reacted with limestone and dolomitic limestone respectively.  相似文献   

13.
华北克拉通中部造山带发育的早白垩世钾质岩是研究华北克拉通中部幔源岩浆成因的天然样品,然而其成岩物理化学条件仍不明确。本文选取了涞源县龙门岩体中闪长岩和二长岩开展了矿物原位地球化学和锆石微量元素分析,以探讨矿物形成的温压条件及氧逸度与矿化的关系。分析结果显示,二长岩和闪长岩的锆石Th/U比值较高(>0.1),轻稀土亏损、重稀土富集,具明显的Ce正异常和Eu负异常特征,并具有明显的震荡环带,为典型岩浆成因锆石。电子探针结果显示,龙门岩体中斜长石主要为中性斜长石,黑云母为原生镁质黑云母,角闪石主要为钙铁闪石。闪长岩中角闪石结晶温度为793~842℃,压力为0.50~0.75GPa,深度范围为19~28km,具有较低氧逸度(log f O 2为-12.21~-11.38)和高的含水量(8.5%~10.75%);二长岩中黑云母结晶温度为764~788℃,具有更低的氧逸度(log f O 2=-15.14~-14.54);闪长岩和二长岩中锆石结晶温度为770~978℃,具有较低的氧逸度(ΔFMQ=-0.37~+1.70)。矿物化学分析表明,角闪石和黑云母虽都在地壳开始结晶,但角闪石形成于比黑云母更深的岩浆房。龙门岩体中角闪石、黑云母和锆石的结晶主要受岩浆分异控制,其地球化学动力学机制主要为岩浆上侵时减压熔融,进而引起岩浆氧逸度随岩浆演化而变化。随着岩浆上涌,闪长岩中角闪石随着温度降低和压力减少逐渐结晶,地幔交代作用导致二长岩中的黑云母具有较高的X Mg值,进而形成镁质黑云母。结合区域地质背景,古太平洋板块(伊佐奈琦板块)俯冲-后撤释放的流体交代上覆岩石圈地幔对中部造山带钾质岩(~141Ma)的形成有一定贡献,该过程导致了岩浆具有较高的含水量,但龙门岩体低的氧逸度和区域上较厚的岩石圈制约了成矿金属物质(Fe-Au等)的迁移和富集,因而不利于亲硫、亲铁元素聚集以及铁、金矿化的形成。  相似文献   

14.
二十一站岩体位于黑龙江省东北部大兴安岭地区塔河县境内,该岩体产出的岩石类型包括早白垩世二长岩和石英二长斑岩及早侏罗世花岗岩和二长岩等,在该岩体中已发现斑岩型铜金矿床,但是该岩体形成的物理化学条件和岩石成因尚不清楚,不同岩性岩浆岩的成矿潜力也不明确。鉴于此,本文以二十一站岩体中不同时代的花岗岩、二长岩、石英二长斑岩的黑云母和角闪石为研究对象,结合偏光显微镜、电子探针背散射图像和电子探针化学成分,对该岩体的岩石学、矿物学特征进行了研究,并对岩浆结晶的物理化学条件、岩石成因和成矿意义进行了探讨。结果显示:早白垩世二长岩中角闪石化学成分显示:角闪石富钙(CaO 11.21%~11.78%)、富镁(MgO 13.61%~14.85%)、贫钠(Na2O 0.80%~1.11%)和贫钾(K2O 0.40%~0.54%),属于镁角闪石,结晶温度为704.92~805.58℃,平均温度为761.82℃,压力为73.83~115.93MPa,对应岩浆侵位深度为2.8~4.4km,结晶时岩浆氧逸度为△NNO+1.63,含水量为H2O=4.92%,反映出岩浆结晶时高温、高氧逸度、富含水分、浅侵位的特征。黑云母的Fe2+/(Fe2++Mg)比值比较均一,反映黑云母未遭受后期流体改造,均为原生岩浆成因的黑云母。其中早侏罗世花岗岩和二长岩所代表的A类黑云母化学成分上富铁(TFeO 19.92%~22.42%)贫镁(MgO 7.99%~10.46%),属于铁质黑云母,早白垩世二长岩和石英二长斑岩所代表的B类黑云母相比于A类黑云母更富镁(MgO 12.38%~14.45%)和钛(TiO21.90%~2.75%),贫铁(TFeO 16.64%~17.97%)和铝(Al2O315.00%~16%.79),属于镁质黑云母。A类和B类黑云母对应岩浆结晶温度分别为720~740℃和750~780℃;压力为202.20~443.49MPa和158~231MPa,对应岩浆侵位深度为6.67~14.64km和5.24~7.24km;结晶时岩浆氧逸度分别为10-15~10-16和10-12~10-13;岩浆来源为壳源,且B类黑云母对应岩浆有地幔物质参与。因此,可以认为二十一站岩体中早白垩世二长岩和石英二长斑岩具有中高温,高氧逸度应含水量,岩浆主要来源于地壳物质的部分熔融,并有部分地幔物质参与,侵位深度较浅的特点,具有形成大型斑岩矿床的潜力。早侏罗世花岗岩和二长岩氧逸度相对较低,侵位较深,物质来源为地壳,因此不具备成矿潜力。  相似文献   

15.
本文对位于华北克拉通中部的固镇侵入杂岩体(闪长岩、二长岩、石英二长岩和正长岩)进行了野外地质调查、岩相学、矿物学、地球化学、锆石U-Pb定年、Sr-Nd同位素和Lu-Hf同位素研究,进而探讨其形成时代、源区和成因,以期得到关于华北克拉通中部中生代岩石圈减薄研究的新启示。研究区岩体形成时代和岩石结构有一定关联性,总体来看,等粒结构的岩体形成时代早于似斑状结构岩体,研究区岩浆活动可分为两个期次:第一期次岩浆活动形成等粒结构的深成岩体,包括中细粒闪长岩、二长岩、石英二长岩和正长岩,形成时代约为130～135Ma;第二期次岩浆活动形成浅部的似斑状岩体,包括似斑状闪长岩和石英二长岩,形成时代约为127Ma。结合野外观察、岩相学、矿物学、地球化学等特征,讨论分析了固镇杂岩体的成因:固镇闪长岩富镁,高Mg~#值,Cr、Ni含量较高,富集LILE和LREE,亏损HFSE,铕异常不明显,具有高镁安山岩(HMA)性质,是与其相对应的侵入岩。固镇高镁闪长岩是被俯冲板片熔体和流体交代后的地幔橄榄岩部分熔融的产物,岩浆在上升途中与地壳发生了较弱的同化混染。固镇正长岩形成于加厚陆壳的部分熔融,地壳厚度约为40～67km。固镇二长岩是由区内正长岩和高镁闪长岩混合形成。研究区石英二长岩是区内高镁闪长岩与另一种更富硅的岩浆混合形成。俯冲板片物质(流体+熔体)对固镇高镁闪长岩的形成有重要贡献,显示出古太平洋板块俯冲作用的影响也涉及到了NCC中部,但受影响的程度小于NCC东部;正长岩形成于加厚陆壳部分熔融,显示出拆沉作用在中生代NCC中部岩石圈减薄过程中发挥了重要作用。结合角闪石温压计的计算结果和前人研究成果可以推测,NCC中部大规模拆沉作用发生的时间节点为127Ma。  相似文献   

16.
Laser-ablation microanalysis of a large suite of silicate and sulfide melt inclusions from the deeply eroded, Cu-Au-mineralizing Farallón Negro Volcanic Complex (NW Argentina) shows that most phenocrysts in a given rock sample were not formed in equilibrium with each other. Phenocrysts in the andesitic volcano were brought together in dominantly andesitic—dacitic extrusive and intrusive rocks by intense magma mixing. This hybridization process is not apparent from macroscopic mingling textures, but is clearly recorded by systematically contrasting melt inclusions in different minerals from a given sample. Amphibole (and rare pyroxene) phenocrysts consistently contain inclusions of a mafic melt from which they crystallized before and during magma mixing. Most plagioclase and quartz phenocrysts contain melt inclusions of more felsic composition than the host rock. The endmember components of this mixing process are a rhyodacite magma with a likely crustal component, and a very mafic mantle-derived magma similar in composition to lamprophyre dykes emplaced early in the evolution of the complex. The resulting magmas are dominantly andesitic, in sharp contrast to the prominently bimodal distribution of mafic and felsic melts recorded by the inclusions. These results severely limit the use of mineral assemblages to derive information on the conditions of magma formation. Observed mineral associations are primarily the result of the mixing of partially crystallized magmas. The most mafic melt is trapped only in amphibole, suggesting pressures exceeding 350 MPa, temperatures of around 1,000 °C and water contents in excess on 6 wt%. Upon mixing, amphibole crystallized with plagioclase from andesitic magma in the source region of porphyry intrusions at 250 MPa, 950 °C and water contents of 5.5 wt%. During ascent of the extrusive magmas, pyroxene and plagioclase crystallized together, as a result of magma degassing at low pressures (150 MPa). Protracted extrusive activity built a large stratovolcano over the total lifetime of the magmatic complex (>3 m.y.). The mixing process probably triggered eruptions as a result of volatile exsolution.Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material (eTable 1and eFigure 1) is available for this article if you access the article at . A link in the frame on the left on that page takes you directly to the supplementary material.Editorial responsibility: T.L. Grove  相似文献   

17.
The giant Yulong porphyry CuMo deposit was formed in postsubduction setting in eastern Tibet. Origin of the ore-related Yulong intrusion remains a matter of debate. This study presents new whole-rock major and trace element geochemistry, in-situ apatite SrNd and zircon HfO isotopes, and mineralogical chemistry of the Yulong intrusion. Least-altered samples from the Yulong intrusion have high SiO2 (66.3–69.5 wt%) and Al2O3 (14.9–15.5 wt%) contents, high La/Yb (36.4–68.0) and Sr/Y (46.0–76.3) ratios, and low MgO (0.63–1.24 wt%) and Cr (<30 ppm) contents, similar to adakitic rocks deriving from thick juvenile lower crust. They are enriched in large ion lithophile elements (LILEs) and depletion in high field strength elements (HFSEs), and show listric REE patterns. In-situ apatite SrNd isotopes show limited variations ((87Sr/86Sr)i = 0.7060–0.7068, εNd(t) = −4.8–0.2), which plot between Paleo-Tethys ocean-related arc magmas and the ancient crust in eastern Tibet. Zircon grains from this study and published studies have mostly positive yet variable εHf(t) values (−20.6 to +12.2) and young Hf model ages that overlap those of the Paleo-Tethys ocean-related arc magmas. The above Sr-Nd-Hf isotopes, together with the elevated zircon δ18O values (6.4 to 9.3‰) and arc-like trace element patterns, collectively suggest that the Yulong intrusion may have originated from partial melting of juvenile lower arc crust related to the subduction of the Paleo-Tethys ocean, with incorporation of a small amount of ancient crustal materials.Two generations of amphibole were recognized at Yulong. Their compositions are used to calculate crystallization depths, magmatic oxidation states, and water contents. The caculated results show that the early-stage euhedral high-Al (5.87–8.51 wt%) amphibole phenocrysts may have crystallized in the underlying magma chamber (7.1–12.5 km in depth), whereas the late-stage xenomorphic low-Al (3.47–4.87 wt%) amphibole grains may have crystallized in the porphyritic stock (4.0–5.6 km). Magmatic water contents decrease from early- (3.5–4.6 wt%) to late-stage (2.8–3.5 wt%) amphibole, which is interpreted to indicate fluid exsolution from the magma chamber during emplacement of the Yulong intrusion. Caculated oxidation states increase from early- (ΔNNO = 0.6–1.5) to late-stage (ΔNNO = 1.9–2.3) amphibole. Plagioclase phenocrysts show periodic or reverse core-to-rim zonation of An contents (range up to 25 mol%), which are coupled by FeO contents, probably suggesting magma recharge events. Collectively, we propose that the magma chamber beneath Yulong was recharged by a less evolved magma, and was saturated in fluids to produce intensive alteration and mineralization. The relatively high oxidation states allow the metals to be enriched in the evolving magma, and to be deposited in the hydrothermal alteration stage.  相似文献   

18.
赵苗  杨竹森  张洪瑞 《地球科学》2019,44(6):2187-2196
伊朗乌尔米耶-达克塔尔弧岩浆带(Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic arc,UDMA)是特提斯域最重要的斑岩铜矿省,发育大量中新世大型超-大型斑岩铜矿床;同时,该带也发育大量同时代无矿岩体,但控制岩体成矿潜力的关键因素尚不清楚.为此,选择该带中段、成矿及无矿岩体同时发育的大理矿区,针对成矿及无矿岩体开展了系统的锆石岩相学、年代学、微量元素地球化学及Hf同位素地球化学对比.结果显示,无矿闪长岩(锆石U-Pb年龄:17.4±0.3 Ma)比成矿石英闪长斑岩(锆石U-Pb年龄:15.6±0.1 Ma)形成略早,但近乎同期;闪长岩εHf(t)值变化介于+2^+4,石英闪长斑岩εHf(t)值变化介于+2^+5,两者具有类似的Hf同位素组成;闪长岩中锆石常含老的继承核(172~920 Ma),石英闪长斑岩则不发育继承锆石;闪长岩及石英闪长斑岩中的中新世锆石具有类似的稀土配分模式,且Eu负异常不明显,而闪长岩中的锆石继承核则显示出明显的Eu负异常,配分模式与中新世锆石不同.基于上述结果,我们提出大理矿区的两套中新世岩体具有相同的岩浆源区,但经历了不同的地壳演化过程,成矿的石英闪长斑岩浆形成后,与古老地壳没有明显交互,而无矿的闪长岩浆,在上升过程中与地壳物质、特别是古老还原性物质发生了交互,交互过程中岩浆氧逸度降低,是该套岩浆不成矿的主要原因.进而我们提出UDMA带中段斑岩成矿与否不仅与前人所认为的受岩浆源区控制,也与岩浆演化过程密不可分.  相似文献   

19.
云南普朗超大型斑岩铜矿床含矿斑岩成因及其成矿意义   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  
普朗超大型斑岩铜矿床位于三江特提斯构造域义敦弧南部的中甸弧内,形成于晚三叠世甘孜-理塘大洋板片向西俯冲的消减带上。与成矿作用密切相关的石英闪长岩和石英二长岩具有相似的化学组成,w（SiO2）>61%,w（Al2O3）为11.28%~19.12%,w（MgO）为1.98%~4.04%,Na2O/K2O比值介于0.3~2.4（平均0.8）;富集大离子亲石元素（Rb、Sr、Ba）而亏损高场强元素（Nb、Ta、Zr）,具有较高的Sr/Y（27~63）和La/Yb（14~31）比值,较明显的负Eu异常,在Y-Sr/Y和Yb-La/Yb图解中,部分样品落入埃达克岩范围内,另一些样品则落入正常弧钙碱性岩石范围。普朗含矿斑岩部分样品的埃达克岩地球化学属性可能与以下地质-地球化学过程有关：晚三叠世甘孜-理塘大洋板片向西俯冲时发生脱挥发分作用导致上覆地幔楔遭受流体交代,被流体交代的地幔楔随后发生部分熔融形成正常拉斑玄武质-钙碱性岩浆,这种钙碱性岩浆在岩浆房中或侵位过程中发生角闪石、斜长石和磷灰石等矿物的分离结晶作用形成埃达克质石英闪长岩或石英二长岩。普朗含矿斑岩中黑云母和角闪石斑晶的广泛发育表明原始岩浆是富水的,这种富水环境促进角闪石的大量结晶而抑制部分斜长石的结晶,导致残余岩浆的Sr/Y比值增加,从而使部分岩石样品具有埃达克岩的地球化学特征。这种富水的原始岩浆有利于后期岩浆热液体系的形成及铜等金属元素向流体相中分配转移,并最终形成普朗超大型斑岩铜矿床。  相似文献   

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