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1.
The excitation energy transfer from phycobiliproteins to thylakoid PSII of higher plants was investigated. When incubated with spinach thylakoids, phycobiliproteins isolated from red and blue- green algae transferred light energy absorbed to spinach PSII. The efficiency of energy transfer was dependent on the kind of phycobiliproteins used. If spinach thylakoids were replaced by the thylakoids of Brassica chinensis, R phycoerythin or C- phycocyanin did not transfer their excitation energy to PSII of Brassica chinensis unless allophycocyanin was present. 相似文献
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3.
The morphology of larval and 1st postlarval stages ofPenaeus penicillatus are described. Results from comparative studies on larval development ofP. penicillatus, P. merguiensis andP. chinensis are as follows:
These three species could not be identified during their naupliar stages.
In the 1st protozoea, the antennule L1/L2 value is 1.7–2.0 inP. merguiensis, but less than 1.7 inP. chinensis andP. penicillatus; in the 2nd protozoea, the supra-orbital spine inP. chinensis is not bifurcated, while those ofP. merguiensis andP. penicillatus are bifurcated; in the 3rd protozoea, there is a minute (or no) dorso-median spine on the posterior margin of the 1st and
2nd abdominal somite inP. chinensis, but they are prominent inP. merguiensis andP. penicillatus. In the mysis and 1st postlarval stages,P. chinensis differs fromP. merguiensis andP. penicillatus in having 9 (8 in the other 2 species) long setae on the exopod of pereopods 1–3; additionally, one dorsal tooth appears
on the rostrum ofP. chinensis in the 2nd mysis and that of the other 2 species in the 3rd mysis;P. chinensis has 2 (mostly) or 1 dorsal tooth on the rostrum in the 3rd mysis and 2–3 in the 1st postlarva, whileP. penicillatus andP. merguiensis have only 1 in the 3rd mysis and 1st postlarva. Comparative studies on larval development showedP. penicillatus has closer affinity withP. merguiensis than withP. chinensis.
Contribution No. 2218 from the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences 相似文献
4.
P700 Chl-protein was isolated from a marine green algaBryopsis corticulans with SDS-resolved thylakoid membranes by SDS-PAGE. After elution from the gel, the recovered protein revealed a 100 KD polypeptide
by re-electrophoresis. The same SDS-PAGE procedure was used to isolate P700 Chl-proteins from spinach (Spinacea oleracea) and another marine green algaCodium fragile. Polyclonal antibodies toBryopsis P700 protein were raised in rabbits. The antibodies were shown to cross-react with P700 Chl-protein and Chl-protein complexes containing P700 protein fromB. Corticulans, C. f ragile, and even spinach. Results indicate similarity of the amino acid sequences of the P700 Chl-proteins and the highly conserved structure of the apoproteins of phylogenetically distant species over evolution. The
antibodies cross-react with none of the components of PSII in the species tested, indicating an independent pathway of evolution
of photosystem I and photosystem II of later origin.
Contribution No. 1717 from the Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica 相似文献
5.
This pathogenic study shows that the viral diseases of Chinese prawns (Penaeus chinensis, O'sbeck) is due to three kinds of viruses: epithelium envelope baculovirus ofPenaeus chinensis (EEBV-PC, detected by the authors in 1993), infections hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus, and hepatopancreatic
parvo-like virus, and that the first two viruses seem to be the main pathogens of the epidemic in the northern regions in
1993. 相似文献
6.
Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) is an economically important aquaculture species in China. However, cytogenetic and genomic data is limited in the organism
partly because the chromosomes are difficult to isolate and analyze. In this study, fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH)
was used to identify the chromosomes of F. chinensis. The 5S ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) of F. chinensis was isolated, cloned and then used as a hybridization probe. The results show that the 5S rDNA was located on one pair of
homologous chromosomes in F. chinensis. In addition, triploid shrimp were used to evaluate the feasibility of chromosome identification using FISH and to validate
the method. It was confirmed that 5S rDNA can be used as a chromosome-specific probe for chromosome identification in F. chinensis. The successful application of FISH in F. chinensis shows that chromosome-specific probes can be developed and this finding will facilitate further research on the chromosomes
of penaeid shrimps. 相似文献
7.
Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) technique was used to analyze the fingerprinting of four successive generations
ofFenneropenaeus chinensis to reveal their disease-resistance traits. Some loci showed quite different genetic frequencies due to artificial selection,
which implied that these fragments were putative markers related to the disease-resistance trait. We developed a simple and
effective method to further characterize these AFLP fragments. Specific AFLP bands were cut directly from polyacrylamide gels,
re-amplified, cloned and sequenced. Eight putative genetic markers were sequenced and their sizes ranged from 63 to 209 bp.
The sequences were submitted to dbGSS (database of Genome Sequence Survey); and the BLAST analysis showed low similarity to
the function genes, indicating these markers were tightly linked to a disease-resistance trait but were not functional genes.
This research was supported by special funds from the National Key Basic Research Program (G1999012007) and the National High-Tech
Research and Development Program of China (863 Program. 2001AA620105). 相似文献
8.
Gu Hong 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1990,8(3):280-288
Analysis of the contents of 3,479 stomachs of half-fin anchovy (taken monthly from April 1982 to May 1983 from the Bohai Sea)
shows that half-fin anchovy is a zooplanktivorous fish; the young fish feeds mainly on Copepoda while the adult fish feeds
mainly on Mysidacea andAcetes chinensis; the food composition has a seasonal change, the main food is Mysidacea in spring butAcetes chinensis in summer and fall; the feeding intensity is closely related to its spawning.
Contribution No. 1781 from the Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica. 相似文献
9.
The Chinese shrimp Penaeus (Fenneropaeneus) chinensis is an important species in marine fishery and aquaculture in China. A female Chinese shrimp Penaeus (Fenneropaeneus) chinensis was captured from west coast of the Korean peninsula and mated with a “Yellow Sea No. 1” male to produce the first filial
generation (F1) 100 F2 full-sib progeny from brother-sister crosses between F1 families was used for the mapping study. A genetic linkage map of the Chinese shrimp was constructed, based on 354 markers,
including 300 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers, 42 microsatellite (SSR) markers, and 12 randomly amplified
polymorphism (RAPD) markers. Forty-seven linkage groups (LGs) were identified. The total map length was 4 580.5 cM, with an
average spacing of 11.3 cM, covering 75.8% of the estimated genome size. The construction of this genetic linkage map was
part of a genetic breeding program. This linkage map will contribute to the discovery of genes and quantitative trait loci
(QTLs) in Chinese shrimp. 相似文献
10.
Polyc·lonal antibodies raised against LHC II isolated from SDS-solubilizedBryopsis corticulans thylakiod membranes by SDS-PAGE, were characterised by double immunodiffusion, Rocket immunoelectrophoresis and antigen-antibody
crossed immunoelectro-phoresis assays showed the antibodies had strong cross-reaction with allB. corticulans LHC II components (even with those which were incubated in boiling water) and showed immunological cross-reactivity with
LHC II polypeptides of spinach and the marine green algaCodium fragile. The results suggested that LHC II of different species had similar antigenic determinants and also conservation of amino
acid sequences of the polypeptides during evolution, and that the antibodies could cross react with apoproteins of D2 proteins (which contain P680) fromB. corticulans, spinach andC. fragile, but not with apoproteins of P700 Chl-proteins. Our results indicated some similarities in primary structure between LHC II of different species, and between
LHC II and D2 proteins of marine green algae and spinach. Our finding that D2 and P700 Chl-proteins are not immunologically related suggested that P700 Chl-proteins and D2 proteins pass through independent evolutionary pathways.
Contribution No 1717 from the Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica, This subject was supported by the National Science
Foundation of China. 相似文献
11.
YU Shanshan KONG Xiaoyu LI Yulong XU Hui 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2007,6(2):187-192
The complete mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit Ⅱ （COⅡ） gene of Penaeinae shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis was cloned and sequenced. The gene is 688 bp in length and codes for 229 amino acids. It shows 83.2%, 87.0% and 83.8% sequence similarity to Marsupenaeus Japonicus, Penaeus monodon and Farfantepenaeus notialis, respectively. The A＋T content of the whole gene and that at the third position of codons are 64.7% and 78.2%, respectively. The phylogenetic relationship between F. chinensis and three other species representing genera Farfanatepenaeus, Marsupenaeus and Penaeus was analyzed. Results showed that the genetic distances among the four taxa ranged from 0.144 0 to 0.200 5, exceeding those estimated with COⅠ and partial 16S rRNA gene sequences among Marsupenaeus, Litopenaeus and Melicertus, and being therefore larger than the value among subgenera. It has been suggested that the COⅡ gene has a faster evolutionary rate than that of the COⅠ gene and partial 16S rRNA gene and could be used for phylogenetic analysis at genus or species level. The results of the present study indicated that Farfantepenaeus, Fenneropenaeus, Marsupenaeus and Penaeus are at a higher phylogenetic level than subgenus, which supports the opinion of the elevation of phylogenetic status of the four subgenera to genus level. 相似文献
12.
A muscle cDNA library of Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) was constructed with the SMART™ cDNA Library Construction Kit. The titer of optimal primary library was 7.7×105 pfu mL−1 and that of the amplified library was 3.0×109 pfu mL−1. The percentages of the recombinant clones of primary and amplified libraries were over 98%. The insert sizes were longer
than 400 bp with an average of 1000 bp. A positive clone containing a 794 bp insert was sequenced and identified encoding
fast skeletal troponin I gene. This library provided a useful resource for the functional genomic research of F. chinensis. 相似文献
13.
Cells of Haematococcus pluvialis Flot. et Will were collected in four different growth phases. We quantified the initial and total enzyme activity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco) in crude extracts, and the relative expression of large-subunit ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate caboxylase / oxygenase (rbcL) mRNA. We measured the ratio of photosynthetic rate to respiration rate (P/R), maximal effective quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), electron transport rate (ETR), actual photochemical efficiency of PSII in the light (ΦPSII), and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). Green vegetative cells were found to be in the most active state, with a relatively higher P/R ratio. These cells also displayed the lowest NPQ and the highest Fv/Fm, ETR, and ΦPSII, indicating the most effective PSII. However, both Rubisco activity and rbcL mRNA expression were the lowest measured. In orange resting cysts with relatively lower P/R and NPQ, Rubisco activity and rbcL expression reached a peak, while Fv/Fm, ETR, and ΦPSII were the lowest measured. Taking into account the methods of astaxanthin induction used in industry, we suggest that Rubisco may participate in astaxanthin accumulation in H. pluvialis. A continuous and sufficient supply of a carbon source such as CO2 may therefore aid the large scale production of astaxanthin. 相似文献
14.
The rates of photosynthesis and respiration ofPorphyra, Laminaria andUndaria were determined with an oxygenmeter at different temperatures in an enclosed continuous-flow system. The temperature coefficients
of respiration and the net primary productivities for the three species were calculated. The spectacular rates of primary
production were found to be as high as 270 g C m−2 forP. yezoensis, 2200 g C m−2 forL. japonica and 160 g C m−2 forU. pinnatifida annually. The low respiratory rates of these three species as well as low light compensation points especially at low temperatures
are considered as a reason to save heat energy, resulting in a high productivity, especially in case ofLaminaria.
Contribution No. 945 from the Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica.
The paper was presented at the International Phycological Society Meeting, 19–22 Aug. 1980, Glasgow, UK. 相似文献
15.
The carbohydrate and lipid contents in two planktonic crustaceans, i. e.Pseudeuphausia sinica andAcetes chinensis sampled from Xiamen coastal waters were estimated. InP. sinica, the contents of carbohydrates (in dry weight) and lipids varied from 2.19–2.33% and 21.2–21.9% respectively; inA. chinensis from 1.74–2.55% and 14.43–15.10% respectively. The analyses of fatty acids by gas-chromatograph (Model 103) showed that eight
fatty acids of 14∶0, 15∶0, 16∶0, 17∶0, 18∶0, 18∶2, 20∶2 and 22∶2 were found in these two animals, that 16∶0, 18∶0, 18∶2, and
20∶2 formed the major constituents with 91.08% (P. sinica) and 74.80% (A. chinensis) of the total fatty acids, and that the values of odd carbon types (15∶0 and 17∶0) were fairly low, 4.47% and 3.36% respectively.
Three monosaccharides: glucose, fructose, and galactose detected by high-liquid chromatograph (Waters 208) accounted for more
than 60% of the total carbohydrates, especially the glucose, exceeding by 40%. 相似文献
16.
17.
Cao Ji-xiang 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1996,14(4):378-386
This study on the effect of different concentrations of germanium dioxide (GeO2) on the specific growth rate (SGR), pigment contents, protein content and amino acid composition ofSpirulina platensis showed that Ge was not the essential element of this alga; that GeO2 could speed up growth and raise protein content ofS. platensis, and could possibly influence the photosynthesis system. The concentration range of GeO2 beneficial to growth ofS. platensis is from 5–100mg/l. GeO2 is proposed to be utilized to remove contamination byChlorella spp. usually occurring in the cultivation ofSpirulina. 相似文献
18.
The ion-transport enzyme activities were studied in the nauplii 1–2, zoea 1–3, mysis 1–3, and postlarva 1–7 of the shrimps
Marsupenaeus japonicus and Fenneropenaeus chinensis. The results showed that total ATPase, Na+-K+-ATPase, and V-ATPase (V-type H+-ATPase) activities increased during the early development for both the species, from zero in nauplii to stable levels after
zoea stage. The enzyme activities of the latter species were significantly higher than those of the former species after zoea
stage (F>F
0.05). The contributions of Na+-K+-ATPase, V-ATPase and HCO3
−-ATPase to the total ATPase activity of the two species varied in different developmental stages and accounted for 40%–70%,
22%–46% and 2%–13% in M. japonicus from zoea to postlarva stage, whilst the shares of them were 42%–69%, 28%–44% and 2.5%–22%, respectively in F.chinensis. These findings suggest the possible culture of the two species with varying water quality, especially the salinity and pH. 相似文献
19.
Analysis of cold tolerance on mangroveKandelia candel leaf growing in different soil salinity along Jiulong River Estuary in South China showed that the cold tolerance decreased
as the increase of soil salinity. The lethal temperatures ofK. candel leaf were −10.4, −9.9 and −8.6 °C in Liaodong, Baijiao and Aotou, respectively. Under 1–2°C cold stress treatment on detached
leaves ofK. candel, their caloric value gradually decreased, while electrolyte leakage gradually increased. The leaf's caloric value and electrolyte
leakage in Aotou with higher soil salinity varied more largely than those in Liaodong with lower soil salinity. InK. candel leaf, total water content lowered a little, bound water content rose significantly and free water content dropped significantly
with duration of cold stress. At the same time, reduction sugar, soluble sugar and starch content gradually decreased and
sucrose content gradually increased. Bound water, free water and sucrose content inK. candel leaf from Aotou with higher soil salinity changed more slowly than those from Liaodong with lower soil salinity, but reduction
sugar, soluble sugar and starch content inK. candel leaf from Aotou had faster variations than those from Liaodong. These data indicated that soil salinity can reduce cold tolerance
ofK. candel leaf by increasing negative effect of salt ions in cell membrane, inhibiting variations of water content, and aggravating
consumption of material and energy.
Supported by the Found for Outstanding Young Teacher, the Ministry of Education, China. 相似文献
20.
The marine chroococooid phycoerythrin-containingSynechococcus spp. cyanobacterium has been implicated as a substantial component of the photosynthetic picoplankton in the ocean. Although
its importance as food source for heterotrophic nanoplankton is now recognized, information about the cycling ofSynechococcus biomass and its diel pattern is limited and study methodology varies among authors. The selective metabolic inhibitor method
was used to simultaneously estimate growth and grazing disappearance rates ofSynechococcus in the English Channel where growth rates ranged from 0.25 to 0.72/d (mean ±SD=0.51±0.17/d) and grazing mortality rates ranged
from 0.19 to 0.64/d (mean ±SD=0.48±0.17/d). Size-fractionated experiments demonstrated that up to 70% ofSynechococcus disappearance could be attributed to grazers going through a 2 μm Nuclepore filter.Synechococcus grazing mortality rates (mean=0.74 ±0.25/d) during the day were always higher than that (mean=0.2±0.20/d) during the night,
while growth rates showed no clear diel pattern. A positive correlation was observed between growth rates andin situ temperature ranging from 9 to 17°C, while in contrast grazing was independent of temperature. The close similatiry between
average growth and grazing rates suggests a rapid recycling ofSynechococcus biomass in English Channel coastal waters. 相似文献