首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
The singular behavior of supercritical fluids was found more than one hundred years ago. In 1879, English scientists Hannay and Hogarth[1] firstly studied the properties of supercritical fluids collectively and discovered that ethanol and carbon tetrachlo…  相似文献   

2.
The variations of the Earth’s geometry (ETP) pre-dominate climate changes such as monsoon on the Earth[1], serving as its external forcing. The loess/ paleosol sequence in Central China provides a good record of terrestrial deposition to study the evolution of the east Asian monsoon[2―4]. However, the deep sea deposition, due to its high resolution dating and abun-dant climate proxies, should be able to provide more climatic information in the geological time, such as the forcing mechanis…  相似文献   

3.
日本国民对于地动屋摇的现象已司空见惯,而且也时刻准备着面临"大地震"的来袭,然而,即使对于日本这样一个国家而言,上周的地震和海啸带来的灾难也难以想  相似文献   

4.
In contrast to our previous work (Yermolaev et al., 2015), in which we used the magnetic storm recovery phase duration, the exponential time of the recovery phase of magnetic storms generated by three interplanetary driver types (CIR, Sheath, and ICME) is introduced in the present work. The dependence of these times on the storm development rate |Dstmin|/ΔT (where ΔT is the storm main phase duration) is studied. A similar physical result has been achieved despite the different data analysis method used: the times of the storm recovery and development rates correlate for storms induced by CIR and Sheath compression regions, and any relation between these parameters is absent for storms induced by ICME.  相似文献   

5.
This paper presents the results from the detailed analysis of aerial photographs and space images for the Kizimen area, which characterize the geologic and geomorphologic effects of the ongoing eruption over the 2010–2011 period. It is shown that the total volume (>0.5 km3) and total mass (>109 t) of the discharged (resurgent plus juvenile) material makes this eruption the most productive in Kamchatka for the first 12 years of the 21st century. The dominant component (>90%) is juvenile material with andesitic composition. The pyroclastics (tephra, deposits of the juvenile pyroclastic avalanches and incandescent debris avalanches) comprise >0.3 km3and >0.45× 109 t, the lava (a very thick block lava flow 3.052 km long and 2.163 km2 in area) occupies about 0.195 km3 and 0.45 × 109 t. With the exception of the tephra, which fell over an area of about 100000 km2, the rest of the material was accumulated on the Kizimen cone and at its base. The mean discharge rate of juvenile ejecta was about 15 m3/s (29 t/s) for 13 months (November 11, 2010 to December 11, 2011). Appreciable changes also occurred at the near-summit part of the volcano’s cone.  相似文献   

6.
Based on Biot theory of two-phase anisotropic media and Hamilton theory about dynamic problem,finite element equations of elastic wave propagation in two-phase anisotopic media are derived in this paper.Numerical solution of finite element equations is given.Finally,properties of elastic wave propagation are observed and analyzed through FEM modeling.  相似文献   

7.
The transformation of acicular γ Fe2O3 particles to α Fe2O3 has been monitored using magnetic properties as a proxy for γ Fe2O3 concentration during the inversion process. The transformation is thermally activated, the height of the barrier opposing inversion being 3.7 eV at atmospheric pressure and 0.5 eV at a pressure of about 100 MPa. The barrier arises from the combination of a term representing the reduction in lattice energy in an inverted region, and the strain energy associated with the interface between the inverted and non-inverted phases. The sensitivity of the inversion process to pressure can be understood in terms of the dependence of these energy terms, and the energy barrier, on interatomic spacing. Extrapolation of these laboratory data to the conditions of the submarine crust at Site 504B of the Deep Sea Drilling Project is consistent with the inferred magnetic mineralogy of the recovered material.  相似文献   

8.
Marble has a great potential to understand a history of various geological events occurring during tectonic processes. In order to decode metamorphic–metasomatic records on C–O isotope compositions of marble at mid-crustal conditions, we conducted a C–O–Sr isotope study on upper amphibolite-facies marbles and a carbonate–silicate rock from the Hida Belt, which was once a part of the crustal basement of the East Asian continental margin. Carbon and oxygen isotope analyses of calcite from marbles (Kamioka area) and a carbonate–silicate rock (Wadagawa area) show a large variation of δ13C [VPDB] and δ18O [VSMOW] values (from −4.4 to +4.2 ‰ and +1.6 to +20.8 ‰, respectively). The low δ13C values of calcites from the carbonate–silicate rock (from −4.4 to −2.9 ‰) can be explained by decarbonation (CO2 releasing) reactions; carbon–oxygen isotope modeling suggests that a decrease of δ13C strongly depends on the amount of silicate reacting with carbonates. The occurrence of metamorphic clinopyroxene in marbles indicates that all samples have been affected by decarbonation reactions. All δ18O values of calcites are remarkably lower than the marine-carbonate values. The large δ18O variation can be explained by the isotope exchange via interactions between marble, external fluids, and/or silicates. Remarkably low δ18O values of marbles that are lower than mantle value (~+5 ‰) suggest the interaction with meteoric water at a later stage. Sr isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr = 0.707255–0.708220) might be close to their protolith values. One zircon associated with wollastonite in a marble thin-section yields a U–Pb age of 222 ± 3 Ma, which represents the timing of the recrystallization of marble, triggered by H2O-rich fluid infiltration at a relatively high-temperature condition. Our isotope study implies that the upper amphibolite-facies condition, like the Hida Belt, might be appropriate to cause decarbonation reactions which can modify original isotope compositions of marble if carbonates react with silicates.  相似文献   

9.
Introduction The phenomenon of water level tide was discovered at Duchort diggings, Czech in 1879. By 1939, Theis, an America hydrogeologist, confirmed that periodical wave of the well water level is caused by the solid tide. In 1964, Melchior, a Belgium geophysist, began to make research on this phenomenon. Then Cooper (1965), Bredehoeft (1967) and WANG, et al (1988) followed. In China the study on water level tide began with 1970s, and the study on well water level phase lagging began …  相似文献   

10.
日本地处环太平洋地震带上,全球地震按数量20%发生在日本。造成的损失也很大。2011年3月11日日本本州东海岸附近海域的9.0级地震是日本有历史记载以来最大的一次地震。  相似文献   

11.
  相似文献   

12.
  相似文献   

13.
Nonlinear balance constraints in 3DVAR data assimilation   总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7  
Consideration of the so-called balance properties/ constraints is of great importance in the data assimila- tion. First, it is desirable to separate the slow modes (e.g., Rossby waves) from the fast modes (e.g., gravity waves and deep convection). Second, consideration of the balance constraints enables us to infer information about all variables that are balanced with the observed variable and hereby improve the quality of the analy- sis. The balance properties are usually represented by some…  相似文献   

14.
<正>日本2011年3月发生的破坏性地震在科学史上留下了深深的印记,其触动了已被广泛接受的地震理论,并促使地震预报员和研究者重新评估海底韧性断层面发生大地震的几率。3.11大地震发生的地点令人费解,地  相似文献   

15.
GPS satellite transmissions have been used to study the development of moderateionospheric phase irregularities. The use of the multi-station, multi-path observations of the GPSbeacons has allowed the study of the time development of irregularities as a function of latitudeand longitude of individual storms. The basic storms studied were those of January 10, April10–11, and May 15, 1997. The results from studying these storms showed the unique nature ofeach storm. For the three storms, data were available from four stations near 65° CorrectedGeomagnetic Latitude (CGL); the stations ranged from Fairbanks to Tromso. In addition, datafrom higher latitude stations are analysed. For the January storm, irregularity development startedat Fairbanks. Then as magnetic midnight approached longitudes to the west, the storm effectsreached the Tromso–Kiruna longitudes. For the April magnetic storm, at 65° CGL, irregularitydevelopment maximized at approximately the same UT at stations ranging in longitude fromFairbanks to Kiruna. For this storm, the development of irregularities was dominated by stormtime. The May storm irregularities were dominated by magnetic local time once the stormcommenced.With both total electron content and rate of change of total electron content (phasefluctuations) available, it was noted that over periods of minutes, clumps of irregularities wereaccompanied by increases in TEC. In addition total electron content increased over large areasduring maximum magnetic activity in the auroral oval. During the storms, ionograms showed thatthe altitude of maximum electron density fluctuated; at times the dominant maximum frequencywas noted in the E layer and at other times in the F layer. This fluctuation of electron density ineach layer during storms led to the conclusion that the turbulent activity within the auroral regiondominated the development of irregularities. The irregularities that are noted on trans-ionosphericpaths are therefore thought to be in both the E and the F layers with a combination of structuredhard and soft electron precipitation and coupling initiating the turbulent activity. The generalpositive correlation of one periods phase scintillation data with the Ultra Violet Imagerobservations as shown on POLAR indicates the importance of 100–200 km precipitation.However the very high occurrence of spread F at high latitudes as shown by both ground andsatellite ionosondes indicates the considerable contributions of F layer irregularities.  相似文献   

16.
Introduction In studying the instability of a non-linear system, YIN (1987), YIN and YIN (1991), YIN, et al (1994), and Yin, et al (1994, 1995, 2000) have presented a concept of load/unload response ratio (LURR) of the system. When the system is in a stable state, its response process to the load/unload follows the same trajectory on the stress-strain diagram, and the load/unload response ratios are equal. However, when the system departs from a stable state, its response to the load/un…  相似文献   

17.
NaCl-H2O体系中WO3溶解度超临界现象实验探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
以适量Na2WO4·2H2O, HCl, NaCl和H2O为原料, 从过饱和的角度对4.0% NaCl水溶液中WO3溶解度的超临界现象进行实验探讨. 压力恒定在34 Mpa, 接近临界压力31.4 Mpa, 温度变化于250～550℃之间, 在快速淬火高压釜中进行实验. 结果表明在临界区域内, WO3溶解度具有超临界现象, 溶解度对温度、密度的变化反应敏感. 本实验温、压条件与许多钨矿床成矿流体的温、压条件比较接近, 超临界地质流体可能有助于揭示钨矿床的形成机制.  相似文献   

18.
The results of studies of variations of δ18O values in river water in Crimea Peninsula in January–February 2015–2017 are given. The variation range of δ18О in river water over the three years of studies never exceeded 3‰. A tendency toward an increase in δ18О in the water of the Salgir, Kacha, Al’ma, Bel’bek, Biyuk-Karasu from their sources to mouths was identified and explained by a decrease in evaporation in the mouth areas of the rivers relative to their sources and upper reaches, and the inflow of isotopically light precipitation (rain and snow) into the rivers in their upper reaches. The values of δ18О in waters of the rivers with regulated stream were found to increase under the effect of the Simferopol Reservoir on the Salgir River and the Izobil’nenskoe Reservoir on the Ulu-Zen’ River. The values of δ18О in the upper reaches of the large rivers of Kacha and Bel’bek (the northwestern slope of the Crimean Mountains) vary from ?8.7 to ?9.7‰, except for the rivers of Al’ma (?7.7‰) and Kokozka (?10.2‰) because of the different shares of groundwater in the recharge of these rivers.  相似文献   

19.
[栏目]文章题目作者期-页码[CT理论]由相叠低分辨投影数据重建高分辨图像郭明焕张朋(2-12)PET图像基于形态学方法进行心脏的边缘提取骆国程赵永界(3-01)显微CT的锥束重建技术王革姜明等(3-07)[CT/MRI技术]CT图像存档与管理解决方案赵伟东阮昌京(1-13)CT机器、图像后处理技术的新进展何萍霞张玉花(1-44)9800MS胶片扫描管理系统简介姚健姜强(1-封3)[工业CT]数字化射线照相技术对轻物质的判断韩裕生罗娅丁厚本(1-10)射线透射成像中重物质遮挡下的轻物质检测技术研究邵立康韩裕生丁厚本(2-19)线阵探测器（LDA）的现状及发展趋势J.柯斯…  相似文献   

20.
2011年3月11日东日本大地震是有记录以来最强的地震之一,而且,因为它袭击的地区属于世界上监测最为密集的地方,所以这次自然灾害为科学家提供了罕见的9级地震的珍贵资料.最近,科学家利用这些数据首次研究了如此规模的强震中地表下的岩石和场地土的影响作用.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号