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1.
New approximate formulas are proposed to determine the natural frequencies of structures considering the effects of panel zone flexibility and soil-structure interaction. Several structures with various earthquake resisting systems are idealized as prismatic cantilever flexural-shear beams. Floor masses are considered as lumped masses at each story level and masses of columns are evenly distributed along the cantilever beam. Soil-structure interaction is considered as axial and rotational springs, whose potential energy are formulated and incorporated into overall potential energy of the structure. Subsequently, natural frequency equations are derived on the basis of energy conservation principle. The effect of axial forces on natural frequency is also considered in the proposed formulas. Using the method presented in this study, natural frequencies are computed using a simplified method with no complex numerical modeling. The proposed formulas are verified via experimental and numerical methods. Close agreement between the results from these three approaches are observed. Furthermore, the effects of panel zone flexibility, continuity plates and doubler plates on the natural frequencies of buildings are investigated. 相似文献
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V. Thiruvengadam 《地震工程与结构动力学》1985,13(3):401-419
Three approximate models are considered for the evaluation of the first few natural frequencies and associated mode shapes of infilled frames, a commonly occurring composite structural system formed by the combination of plane frames and filler walls. The reasonableness of the models is checked with the available experimental results and with the corresponding finite element solutions. The multiple strut model, wherein the infills are replaced by a set of equivalent multiple struts, can account for the frame–infill separation and infill openings and this model is seen to be an improvement over the single equivalent diagonal strut models proposed by earlier investigators. The shear—flexure cantilever analogy, by rationally evaluating the fundamental frequency, aids the equivalent lateral load procedures of the earthquake analysis. For dealing with the frames with central infill openings an equivalent plane frame model is discussed. Besides presenting the approximate models, the effect of frame—infill separation in reducing the fundamental frequency is investigated and an empirical relation is presented in this regard. Also some of the factors influencing the frame—infill contact lengths are studied and this indicates that the contact lengths are highly sensitive and indeterminate. Some constructional methods for avoiding separation and ensuring effective composite action between the frame and infill are also suggested. 相似文献
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含电流变体的复合砂浆梁振动特性实验研究 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
本文开展了将电流变体智能材料直接理置在土木工程中常用的砂浆材料中的可行性、具体操作工艺及注意事项的研究,利用电流变体作为驱动元件与基体砂浆材料结合制成智能悬臂梁结构,调节施加在电流变体上的电压,用锤击法测定其在不同电场强度下的自振频率,观察分析频率随电场慢度的变化规律。实验结果表明,改变施加在电流变体上的电压确实可以改变复合梁的整体振动特性,尤其是对第一、二阶频率影响比较明显。本文的研究为电流变体在实际工程结构振动控制领域的应用奠定了实验基础。 相似文献
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H. Wada 《地震工程与结构动力学》1986,14(1):121-132
The transient extensional vibrations of a slender and uniform bar, which is clamped at one end and is subjected to an axial force at the other free end, are investigated by applying three methods: the Laplace transform method, the normal mode and Newmark β methods in conjunction with the finite element method (FEM); the errors caused by the spatial discretization of the FEM and the direct integration of the Newmark β method are studied and compared with those of the previous paper where the flexural vibrations of a cantilever beam were considered. The reason why the extensional vibration problem is investigated here is that the condition seems to be severe due to the closeness of adjacent natural frequencies, the larger values of natural frequencies and the smaller number of nodal variables of the FEM in comparison with those of the flexural vibration problem. The numerical results show that the errors in response of the extensional vibration problem are large. However, if one follows the criterion proposed in this paper, accurate response is obtainable by the Newmark β method, which requires less computer time than either of the other methods mentioned above. 相似文献
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电流变体-砂浆复合梁结构的振动特性研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
利用电流变体作为驱动元件与基体砂浆材料结合制成智能悬臂梁结构,调节施加在电流变体上的电压,用锤击法瞬态击振测定其在不同电场强度下的自振频率,对频率随电场强度的变化规律进行了研究。实验结果表明电流变片埋置位置对复合梁的整体振动特性的影响比较大。 相似文献
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本文所謂架空結構是指搁置在較高的支墩上的連續梁結構,例如高架橋梁或水電站的架空輸水管道等。這類結構在承受震動荷載（例如地震）時,常會引起較大的變形和应力。如支墩較粗矮,則在計算較低的頻率時,其作用可近似的以一彈簧支座代替之,而忽略支墩本身的結構震動影響。這是一個常用的假定,可以使計算工作充分簡化。本文首先對這一情况作了詳盡討論,給出较完整的解答,包括起始條件影響在内,並提出用“載常數”及“形常數”的觀念來進行計算。然后本文給出考虑支墩的震動影響時的精確解答,分別就縱横方向的震動進行討論,並指出近似計算公式和精確公式间的關係,近似公式只能在支墩較剛固和計算较低階的頻率時才適用。文中列出了結構作横向諧和震動時的特別解答,可見其計算工作量將比近似法增加不少。 相似文献
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多层住宅新型复合结构的固有频率计算分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对所提出的多层住宅新型复合结构体系进行了动力性能分析。在满足静力荷载作用下承载力要求的基础上,根据结构动力学原理,推导了该结构体系的动力特征方程,分析了,复合结构体系的支撑截面和层数变化对动力特征的影响,计算显示,增加支撑对提高结构的频率即抗侧刚度有明显作用,且随支撑截面尺寸增大,固有频率单调增加。增加结构的层数固有频率减小,变化规律趋于收敛。根据动力特征方程计算的结构固有频率值,拟合了频率曲线,并推出了综合考虑支撑截面及结构层数影响的频率计算公式,和理论计算结果符合较好。 相似文献
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Extraction of natural frequencies of a gravity dam or an embankment dam plays an important role in the seismic design of the dam because the seismic response of a dam is dependent largely on the dynamic characteristics of the dam. Owing to the lack of exact solutions and the geometry of a dam, numerical methods such as finite element methods have been often used to extract the natural frequencies of the dam. Since the finite element method is an approximate one, the resulting finite element solution to the natural frequency of a dam cannot be safely used unless its accuracy is evaluated within the acceptable range for the seismic design of the dam. To solve this problem, some asymptotic formulae for correcting the finite element predicted natural frequencies of a gravity dam and an embankment dam have been developed in this paper. Since the present asymptotic formulae are derived from the fact that the finite element solution tends to the exact one if the finite element size used approaches zero, they provide a corrected solution of higher accuracy for the natural frequency of a dam so that the accuracy of a finite element solution can be evaluated against this corrected solution. After the correctness and usefulness of the present formulae are assessed, two practical examples have been given to show how the asymptotic formulae can be used to correct and evaluate the discretization error for the finite element predicted natural frequencies of gravity dams and embankment dams. 相似文献
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Multiple Tuned Mass Dampers (MTMD) consist of a large number of small oscillators with natural frequencies distributed around the natural frequency of a controlled mode of the structure. In the present paper, the modal characteristics and efficiency of the MTMD are studied analytically. Perturbation solutions for the modal properties of the MTMD–structure system are obtained and the modal characteristics are discussed. An explicit formula to estimate the effectiveness of the MTMD subjected to harmonic forces is also derived. It is shown that the MTMD is efficient when at least one of the oscillators is strongly coupled with the structure in any mode. Based on this observation, a critical bandwidth of the natural frequencies of the MTMD to make the system multiply tuned is derived in a simple form, and furthermore a robustness criterion for the frequency tuning under a given bandwidth is proposed. It is shown that, when properly designed, the MTMD can be much more stable (robust) than a conventional single TMD while maintaining more or less the same efficiency. Numerical studies verify the accuracy of the perturbation solutions and the proposed formulas. 相似文献
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半刚性连接钢管混凝土框架剪力墙结构的动力特性分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
将钢管混凝土框架剪力墙结构作为连续弹性无限自由度结构，建立自由振动方程，分析了半刚性连接对结构自振周期和频率的影响，推导出半刚性连接框剪结构自振周期系数的计算公式。使用通用有限元程序ANSYS进行结构的模态分析，有限元分析结果和公式计算结果吻合良好。结果表明，半刚性连接使得结构自振周期增大，半刚性连接对高阶振型自振周期的影响很小。提出了地震区钢管混凝土框剪结构体系的设计建议，可供工程设计人员参考使用。 相似文献
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对于在Rayleigh波勘探中经常提取到的多模式频散曲线，如何在理论上对其特征进行描述是一个很有意义的问题. 本文根据Rayeigh波频散方程中传递矩阵具有的高频近似特征，提出了传递矩阵的高频近似分解公式，据此导出了频散方程的高频近似分解公式，并在此基础上，定义了Rayleigh波的4种基本模式(R模、S模、R型周期模和S型周期模). 根据频散方程具有的周期性特征，给出了周期模频散曲线之间的平均间隔近似公式，以及在任意频率和相速度段内频散方程根的数目（即多模式的激发数目）的预测公式. 在这些结果的基础上，本文最后提出了频散方程数值搜根的一种新方法. 相似文献
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A new expression for a lower bound for the fundamental natural frequency of a structure is presented and its relationship with Dunkerley's formula is examined. A related improved estimate for the fundamental frequency is also obtained and applied to obtain an approximate expression for the fundamental frequency of a soil–structure system including a 1-DOF structure, a flat rigid foundation, and an elastic soil. The resulting approximation is then compared with the now standard result first obtained by Jennings and Bielak [6] 相似文献
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G. B. Warburton 《地震工程与结构动力学》1978,6(6):535-556
The soil-structure system is modelled as a uniform vertical beam, which terminates in a base or foundation mass; this mass is attached to the surface of an elastic half-space. Using known force-displacement relations for the coupled vibrations of a rigid disc on an elastic half-space, the natural frequencies and response to a transverse harmonic force, applied at the tip of the beam, are determined through a continuum approach. Effectively the problem reduces to a beam with frequency-dependent boundary conditions. A parametric study shows that changes in the three ratios, Young's modulus for the beam to that for the half-space, the radius of the base mass to the length of the beam, L, and the second moment of area of the beam cross-section/L4, cause large variations in the maximum response, which due to interaction can be considerably smaller or larger than that for a comparable fixed-base cantilever beam. This dynamic behaviour can be explained by considering the variation of natural frequencies, mode shapes and modal damping factors with these ratios. A brief study of the response of the structure to a free-field harmonic acceleration, applied at the soil-structure interface, suggests that interaction depends upon material and geometric properties of the system, rather than on the nature of the excitation. 相似文献
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This study developed a finite element method with the effect of soil–fluid–structure interaction to calculate bridge natural frequencies. The finite element model includes bridge girders, piers, foundations, soil, and water. The effective mass above the soil surface was then used to find the first natural frequency in each direction. A field experiment was performed to validate that the natural frequencies calculated using the proposed finite element method had acceptable accuracy. The calculated natural frequencies with the fluid–structure interaction effect are always smaller than those without this effect. However, the frequency change due to the fluid effect is not obvious, so using the soil–structure interaction model is accurate enough in the bridge natural frequency analysis. The trend of the frequency decreases with the increase of the scour depth, but the curve is not smooth because of non-uniform foundation sections and layered soils. However, when the scour depth is such that pile cap is exposed, the changes in natural frequency with the scour depth are more obvious, and this is useful for measurement of the depth using bridge natural frequencies. 相似文献
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规则型隔震房屋的自振特性和地震反应分析方法 总被引：15，自引：3，他引：15
文中根据规则型隔震房屋的刚度、质量和阻尼分布的特点，改进了阻尼比的简化计算表达式。此外还归纳给出了自振周期、振型和地震反应计算公式。文中还将我们提出的隔震结构振型阻尼比公式与Kelly的相应公式进行了数值比较，两式的复杂程度虽几无差异，但文中的公式更为精确。文中提出的简化计算公式可以方便地在一般房屋结构隔震方案设计和地震反应的振型叠加分析中应用。 相似文献
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The paper presents the first three natural frequencies and the corresponding mode shapes for fixed-base multistorey buildings which can be idealized as an equivalent planar coupled shear wall connected in series to an equivalent frame. The coupled wall is modelled as a continuum of uniform properties and the frame as a uniform shear beam, the connection between the two elements being taken as continuous. Solutions are obtained by treating the structure as a lumped parameter system with twenty equidistant discrete masses having only translational inertia. The relevant flexibility matrix is, however, generated from the exact solution of the governing differential equation for the continuum subjected to point loading. The results are presented for various combinations of the three non-dimensional parameters which are sufficient to describe all the geometric and material properties of the system. The mode shapes are presented in terms of the first three normal modes of a uniform slender cantilever. The non-dimensional base shears required for the response spectrum analysis of buildings of the type under consideration are also given for the three modes and for the various combinations of the three non-dimensional parameters mentioned above. The use of the results is illustrated by an example. 相似文献
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建立有限元模型是核电厂建筑结构模态分析的重要前提。本文以某高温气冷堆核电厂建筑结构为原型，在分析方法相同的前提下，建立2种不同模型（Solid模型和Shell模型），并对这2种模型进行模态分析。重点分析、对比2种模型的自振频率和振型图，计算分析表明:Solid模型与Shell模型相比，计算得到的结构自振频率值较高，但两者的差异很小，前30阶自振频率相对误差小于3.4%；2种模型的计算结构振型基本一致。研究结果可为核电厂抗震性能分析和设计提供参考。 相似文献
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In seismic-prone zones with liquefiable deposit piles are routinely used to support structures (buildings/bridges). In this paper, a unified buckling and dynamic approach is taken to characterize this vibration. The pile–soil system is modelled as Euler–Bernoulli beam resting against an elastic support with axial load and a pile head mass with rotary inertia. The emphasis here is to obtain a simple expression that can be used by practicing engineers to obtain the fundamental frequency of the structure–pile–soil system. An approximate method based on an equivalent single-degree-of-freedom model has been proposed. Natural frequencies obtained from the exact analytical method are compared with approximate results. Proposed expressions are general as they are functions of non-dimensional parameters. It is shown that this simplified method captures the essential design features such as: (a) the continuous reduction of the first natural frequency of the structure–pile–soil system due to progressive reduction of soil stiffness due to liquefaction; (b) the reduction in the axial load-carrying capacity of the pile due to instability caused by liquefaction. The results derived in this paper have the potential to be directly applied in practice due to their simple yet general nature. An example problem has been taken to demonstrate the application of the method. 相似文献