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近岸植物带能有效削弱波浪作用,植物带消浪影响因素分析对布置护岸工程、维护岸线稳定有重要意义。在模型实验基础上,探究相对波高、模型相对宽度、模型相对高度和体积分数对透射系数的影响。设置波浪水槽试验,研究孤立波在不同水深、入射波高及植物排布方式等组合条件下对植物消浪效果的影响。采用遗传编程法得出各复杂度下的透射系数计算公式,并分析各参数在方程中的表现情况,发现遗传编程能定性给出参数的敏感度。相比于非线性回归拟合结果,遗传编程方法得到的函数关系更加精确。采用人工神经网络方法进一步分析与验证各影响因素对植物消浪效果的影响程度,结果表明人工神经网络得出的结果与遗传编程方法相近,体积分数对消浪效果起主导作用。 相似文献
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人工柔性植被场中波浪衰减特性研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过SWAN-VEG模型对波浪在刚性及柔性植被中传播的模拟计算结果发现,SWAN-VEG模型能较好的模拟刚性植被场对波能衰减的特性,而对于柔性植被场的情况,则缺少合适的对阻力系数的估算方法。因而在传统的植被消浪模型的基础上,通过引入有阻尼的受迫振荡模型,来考虑柔性植被在不同入射波浪作用下的晃动效果,引入柔性植物体在波浪力下的避让因子D(D为植物运动速度与水质点流速的相对值),通过转换关系式来反映植被的柔性对阻力系数CD影响。对未考虑植被晃动的SWAN-VEG模型进行了修改,用于模拟计算波浪在柔性植被场中的衰减,并采用人工柔性材料进行物理模型试验对计算结果进行对比验证。结果表明,考虑植被晃动影响的模拟结果明显好于不计植被晃动影响的情况,验证结果的相关系数从0.68提高至0.83。由此说明在进行柔性植物消浪效果的研究中需考虑柔性植被的晃动效应,同时发现植被晃动效果的强弱与植物材质的固有频率ωn、阻尼比γ、植被高度hv以及入射波要素等因素有关。 相似文献
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木本植被覆盖岸坡上波浪爬升过程的数值模拟研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
近岸木本植物构成的生态缓冲带作为新型的海岸软防护结构,兼具功能性和生态友好性,在沿海工程建设中愈发受到关注,如何深入开展其防护效果的机理研究是目前亟待解决的问题。本文采用数值模拟方法,在N-S方程中分别考虑树枝和树干的拖曳力影响,提出了木本植被作用下波浪沿斜坡爬升的表面波衰减的连续介质等效模型,并采用MAC法来跟踪自由曲面上的水颗粒轨迹。本文以波浪沿1/30的斜坡爬升为算例,对比讨论了有无植被作用下波浪的传播过程,并将算例结果与以往试验结果规律进行对照,验证了数值模型的有效性。最后,分别讨论了植物枝干的高度、密度、树枝倾斜角度等植被特性和波浪因素对植被消浪效果的影响,得到植被消浪的基本规律。文中的计算结果也可为实际的护岸工程和生态景观设计提供参考。 相似文献
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应用经CSPM法和黎曼解修正后的光滑粒子流体动力学(SPH)方法,建立了主动吸收无反射数值波浪水槽,研究波浪作用下多孔介质结构的水动力特性。流体运动控制方程采用N-S方程,多孔渗水结构内流体的运动控制方程考虑渗流力的影响。数值计算结果给出了水槽内不同位置测点的波面历时曲线和越浪量随时间变化曲线,并同试验结果和Philip Liu的数值计算结果进行了比较。并对一个波浪周期内斜坡堤多孔介质结构内外的速度场和压力分布进行了讨论分析。计算分析表明,数值计算波面较Philip Liu的计算结果与试验结果吻合更好。说明应用SPH方法建立的二维数学模型能够较好地模拟破碎波在多孔渗水斜坡上的爬坡和越浪。 相似文献
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水流中波浪绕射折射数值计算与分析 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9
提出了水深与流场缓变水域波浪传播数学模型－水流中依赖时间变量并考虑能耗的波浪“缓坡方程”及其等价的控制方程组,分析比较了无不流情况此理论模型与其相庆的两种抛物线型的差别,同时讨论了水流对波浪计算结果的影响。部分计算实例表明：该模型较其他模型能更好地适应河口三角洲大范围水域的波浪传播变形数值计算,且在强流河口呼近岸地区必须考虑水流对波浪影响,否则计算结果将严重失真。 相似文献
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为合理确定防浪建筑物的越浪量,基于含非静水压力梯度项的非线性浅水方程建立了近岸波浪越浪数值模型。通过采用域内造波、消波并结合波前静压假定的破碎模型,模拟了规则波和不规则波在斜坡上的波浪传播变形,并在此基础上进行了越浪量数值计算。数值计算结果与物理模型实验结果表明,非静压模型可合理地描述波浪破碎点位置、破碎后的波高、增减水以及斜坡上的堤后越浪量。数值模型具有较高的计算精度和计算效率,可为实际工程防浪建筑物越浪以及堤顶高程的设计提供一种新的数值研究手段。 相似文献
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首先对目前描述近岸波浪传播变形的数学模型进行了回顾与总结;对不同数学模型的特点、适用范围和发展情况进行了阐述与对比。应用基于Boussinesq方程的Coulwave模式针对几个经典实验地形进行了数值实验,数值结果和实验实测数据吻合较好。此外,分别采用不同的近岸波浪模型模拟了某渔港附近波浪的传播变形,结果表明:当考虑波浪的折射、绕射、反射联合作用时,Coulwave模式计算结果明显较缓坡方程及SWAN模型计算结果更加合理。 相似文献
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针对圆筒型海上储油装置FPSO,研究其不同类型阻尼结构的阻尼性能,以便有效减小此类结构的垂荡运动。提出U型和倒U型两种不同的圆筒型FPSO阻尼结构型式,采用CFD方法模拟浮体的强迫运动,计算分析阻尼结构的阻尼特性,对比了传统垂荡板结构、U型阻尼结构、倒U型阻尼结构的阻尼性能,详细分析阻尼结构的不同参数包括高度、筒体间距、开孔情况等三个因素对于阻尼特性的影响,基于CFD方法,分析了不同阻尼结构阻尼形成的机理。计算分析表明,倒U型阻尼性能最好,U型和倒U型阻尼结构与筒体间距增大后阻尼增大,阻尼结构高度增加或开孔增加后阻尼降低。 相似文献
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Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics of Submarine Free Spanning Pipelines by Complex Damping Method 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Considering the effect of the internal flowing fluid and the external marine environmental condition, the differential equation for the vortex-induced vibration (V1V) of the free spanning pipeline is derived and is discretized by the Hermit interpolation function. The free vibration equation with the damping term is solved by the complex damping method for the natural frequency, and then the effect of fluid damping on the natural frequency of the free spanning pipeline is analyzed.The results show that fluid damping has a significant influence on the damped natural frequency of the free spanning pipeline in the lock-in state, while it has little influence when the pipeline is out of the lock-in state. In the meantime,the change of the free span length has the same effect on the damped natural frequency and the undamped natural frequency. 相似文献
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This paper presents results from a full scale decay test made with a tanker in a relatively protected area in the Brazilian coast. In at least two tests the environmental loads (wind, waves and current) were very small and the time history of the surge motion was well behaved, making it possible to check some proposed models for the damping in the hull and mooring lines. Field data seem to confirm that the damping is indeed of the fluid viscosity type and the theoretical models are able to recover roughly 75% of the observed damping, the energy dissipation in the mooring lines being, by far, the major contribution. The remaining 25% are likely due to non modeled effects, such as the environment influence, which although small and not measured certainly exists, and to the friction between the mooring lines and the seabed. 相似文献
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为考虑桩土相互作用的高桩码头体系等效阻尼比,将地震作用下高桩码头的滞回耗能定义为各桩塑性铰耗能和桩-土相互作用耗能之和,桩-土相互作用耗能根据p-y曲线和Masing准则定义的滞回环确定,码头结构的塑性铰总耗能为各桩塑性铰耗能的总和,按照正弦激励下一个振动循环内高桩码头体系与相应单自由度体系粘滞耗能相等的原则,推导得到了高桩码头体系等效阻尼比计算公式,并对两个高桩码头进行了Pushover分析。分析表明,土体耗能对高桩码头体系阻尼贡献较大,根据码头各桩塑性铰出现顺序和转动情况计算码头的等效阻尼比更符合实际情况。 相似文献
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A horizontal, circular cylinder fitted with one bilge keel is forced to rotate harmonically around its axis. The bilge keel load and hull pressure distribution are investigated. A fully submerged condition (infinite fluid), and three partly-submerged conditions are considered. A two-dimensional numerical study is performed, and the results are validated against recently published experimental data by van’t Veer et al. [30]. In addition, comparisons for mass and drag coefficients are also made with experimental data for plate in infinite fluid (Keulegan and Carpenter [8]), and wall-mounted plate (Sarpkaya and O’Keefe [9]) in oscillatory flow.A Navier–Stokes solver based on the Finite Volume Method is adopted for solving laminar flow of incompressible water. The free-surface condition is linearized by neglecting the nonlinear free-surface terms and the influence of viscous stresses in the free surface zone, while the body-boundary condition is exact. This simplified modeling of the problem required the mesh to be fine only around the bilge keels, leading to a total number of cells around N ≃ 1 ×104, which reduced computational cost significantly.The influence of draft and amplitude of oscillations on the bilge keel force and hull pressure distribution are considered. The bilge keel force is presented in terms of non-dimensional drag and mass coefficients including higher harmonic components. The numerical results are also compared with the industry standard empirical method for calculation of roll damping proposed by Ikeda et al. [4]. In general, a good agreement between the results of the present numerical method and the experimental data is obtained and the differences with those predicted by the empirical method are addressed. 相似文献
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本文利用Ｇｅｒｒｉｔｓｍａ波浪阻力增加公式，导出一种基于切片理论的波浪漂移阻尼的计算方法。与现有理论和试验结果比较证实具有工程一致性。可以指出，这是一种简单使用，便于推广的应用的理论方法。 相似文献
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The Norwegian wave-power buoy1 consists of a half-immersed floating sphere which is open to the sea at the bottom end. It is a two degree-of-freedom device involving the independent motion of the outer rigid sphere and the pressure across the internal free surface. A simpler model of the device is to represent the oscillatory flow through the bottom opening as another rigid body motion being that of the curved surface which would complete the sphere.The wave-induced forces on this surface and also the outer spherical surface due to independent oscillations of either are determined semi-analytically using a simple extension of the method of Havelock,2 recently simplified and generalised by Hulme,3 for the complete half-immersed sphere. In particular the 2 × 2 added mass and damping matrices are determined as a function of frequency and relative size of bottom opening to sphere radius. These quantities are essential in any theoretical analysis of a multi-degree of freedom wave-energy device. 相似文献
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The paper presents an Incompressible Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (ISPH) method to simulate wave interactions with a porous medium. The SPH method is a mesh free particle modeling approach that is capable of tracking the large deformation of free surfaces in an easy and accurate manner. The ISPH method employs a strict incompressible hydrodynamic formulation to solve the fluid pressure and the numerical solution is obtained by using a two-step semi-implicit scheme. The ISPH flow model solves the unsteady 2D Navier–Stokes (NS) equations for the flows outside the porous media and the NS type model equations for the flows inside the porous media. The presence of porous media is considered by including additional friction forces into the equations. The developed ISPH model is first validated by the solitary and regular waves damping over a porous bed and the solitary wave interacting with a submerged porous breakwater. The convergence of the method and the sensitivity of relevant model parameters are discussed. Then the model is applied to the breaking wave interacting with a breakwater covered with a layer of porous materials. The computational results demonstrate that the ISPH flow model could provide a promising simulation tool in coastal hydrodynamic applications. 相似文献
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利用有限元方法求解双曲型缓坡方程 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
本文提出了一种双曲型缓坡方程的有限元计算方法 ,在建立有限元积分方程时通过在造波线处加入脉动源项来实现内部造波 ,并在开边界处利用阻尼层吸波 ,减少了在边界处由于数值处理引起的误差。数值计算结果与实测值吻合良好。本方法可用于大区域波浪场的计算中 相似文献