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全球气候变暖固然是导至海平面上升的重要原因，但地球体积变化、构造作用和均衡作用等引起洋盆体积最终导致海平面变化，也是不容忽视的因素。本文以华南沿海地区为例，初步探讨断块构造的现代垂直运动对海平面变化的影响，以供更大范围人的研究参考。 相似文献
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全球气候变暧固然是导至海平面上升的重要原因，但地球体积变化、构造作用和均衡作用等引起洋盆体积的变化而最终导至海平面变化，也是不容忽视的因素。本文以华南沿海地区为例，初步探讨断块构造的现代垂直运动对海平面变化的影响，以供更大范围内的研究参考。 相似文献
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鉴于卫星测高技术在南极周边海域会受到海面浮冰影响,且在利用测高序列分析海平面周期性动态变化时还会受到潮汐周期混叠效应的影响,为此,本文开展了基于GPS和验潮数据联合的南极大陆附近海域从1994-2014年间海平面的绝对变化研究.研究结果显示：在围绕南极大陆及附近海域的15个验潮站中,海平面绝对变化速度最大的是Diego Ramirez验潮站,达到11.10±0.04 mm·a-1;在西南极南极半岛的德雷克海峡,海平面变化最为活跃,变化均值在8.31±0.05 mm·a-1;在东南极,从Syowa站依次到Casey站,海平面的绝对变化速度相对平稳,四个潮位站海平面变化均值为3.35±0.04 mm·a-1;在罗斯冰架右下侧的罗斯岛附近,由于冰川崩解入海导致Scott Base站处的海平面上升速度较快,达到了9.61±0.07 mm·a-1.综合15个验潮站计算结果可得南极半岛德雷克海峡和罗斯岛附近海域,海平面绝对变化速度要高于同期南大洋海平面绝对变化速度,而东南极4个潮位站海平面绝对变化均值则与其相当.这也进一步反映了南极不同海域间海平面变化的差异性,相比较于对南大洋海平面变化的一个整体研究,分区研究海平面变化更具针对性,能更好地了解南极不同区域冰盖、冰架崩解和消融的情况. 相似文献
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南海西北部末次盛冰期以来的古海岸线重建 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
末次盛冰期以来,南海西北部的相对海平面从-100多米变化到现今海平面高度,越南东北沿海、北部湾及华南沿海等水深较浅的海域经历了从陆地到海洋的演变过程．基于古海岸线重建模型,利用现今的数字高程模型、相对海平面变化曲线和沉积厚度数据,对南海西北部末次盛冰期以来的古海岸线进行了重建．根据古海岸线演变序列获得以下认识：20～15cal．ka BP南海西北部的海岸线缓慢后退,陆地面积只减少了1×10^4km^2,海陆格局基本维持不变;15～10cal．ka BP海岸线快速后退,减少的陆地面积达24×10^4 km^2,使越南东北沿海、北部湾及华南沿海迅速从陆地变为海洋,现今海陆格局基本形成;10～6cal．ka BP海岸线继续以后退为主,使陆地面积减少了9×10^4km^2,期间琼州海峡自西向东完全打开;6-0cal．ka BP海平面波动幅度较小,海岸线变化受构造和沉积作用明显,趋势以海退为主,陆地面积增加了约1×10^4km^2． 相似文献
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福建沿海的海面变化及其影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
本文根据福建沿海４个验潮站的验潮资料，计算了各站的局域海平面长趋势变化。结果表明，福建沿海的局域海平面变化速率为１￣２ｍｍ／ａ，４个验潮站的平均变化速率为０．９ｍｍ／ａ，最后讨论了海面变化可能引起的次生灾害。 相似文献
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根据生物礁定量计算茅口期全球海平面变化幅度 总被引：10，自引：2，他引：10
系统提出了根据生物礁结构相序列定量计算古代全球海平面变化幅度的方法, 特别是设计了一种去除沉积物载荷造成的基底沉降的新方法. 根据生物礁结构相序列计算全球海平面变化幅度在原始地层厚度恢复、基底载荷沉降幅度计算、古水深恢复等方面比用其他沉积物精度更高. 根据中国广西隆林生物礁计算出, 中二叠世茅口期(Neoschwagerina-Yabeina 带)全球海平面上升幅度为249.2 m, 而根据美国Guadalupe礁的资料计算出, 茅口期全球海平面变化幅度为247 m. 此方法使定量研究古代全球海平面变化真正成为可能, 从而使建立新一代、定量的全球海平面变化曲线成为可能. 相似文献
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Spatial and temporal patterns of recent sea-level rise along the United States coastline have been examined to ascertain rates of rise, and possible causes for high-frequency fluctuations in sea level. Eigenanalysis identified several distinct coastal compartments within each of which sea-level behavior is consistent. The United States east coast has three of these compartments: one north of Cape Cod, where sea-level rise increases with distance to the north; one between Cape Cod and Cape Hatteras where sea-level rise increases to the south; and the third from Cape Hatteras south to Pensacola, where sea-level rise decreases to the south. The western gulf coast represents another compartment (poorly sampled in this study), where subsidence is partly due to compaction. The final compartment is along the United States west coast, where poor spatial sampling produces a highly spatially variable sea-level record that has some temporal uniformity. Spectral analysis shows a dominant time scale of six years for sea-level variability, with different coastal compartments responding relatively in or out of phase. No evidence for increased rates of sea-level rise over the past 10 years was found. This objective statistical technique is a valuable tool for identifying spatial and temporal sea-level trends in the United States. It may later prove useful for identifying elusive world-wide trends of sea level, related to glacial melting, glacial rebound, tectonism, and volcanic activity. 相似文献
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Prospective scenarios of the saltwater intrusion in an estuary under climate change context using Bayesian neural networks 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
In recent decades, saltwater intrusion over some low-lying coastal regions was deteriorated by rising sea-level and decreasing streamflow in the context of climate change. Though physically-based hydrodynamic models are the most detailed means to simulate salinity processes, they are commonly restricted by data insufficiency issues both in spatial resolution and temporal lasting. This motivates us to build a statistical model enable simulation and scenario analysis for coastal salinity change with limited observations. A Bayesian neural network (BNN) model is built hereby to simulate salinity. It offers more precise estimation compared with the conventional artificial neural network. Meanwhile, the model gives the uncertainty behaviors of the final salinity simulation which is not available for other methods. Future scenarios of salinity change are constructed and analyzed in different time periods on the basis of the validated BNN model. Results indicate that the water quality over lower Pearl River is degrading along with more significant uncertainties. Further analysis suggests that streamflow alteration has a more direct impact on salinity variations than the sea-level change does. The method allows a profound analysis of the potential influence on water quality degradation in coastal and low-lying regions in support of water management and adaptation toward global climate change. 相似文献
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对华南近海地区的地震形势进行了分析，初步结果表明，未来几十年内，华南近海地区地震活动处于长趋势有起伏的衰减之中，可能发生的最大震级为６级。１９８６—１９９７年间，本区处于中强地震相对活跃时段．未来几年内可能发生数次５级左右地震。值得注意的地区为南澳─海丰和灵山─玉林等。 相似文献
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C. D. Woodroffe 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1995,20(1):65-85
The exact response of mangrove shorelines to anticipated sea-level rise will depend upon the balance between sedimentation and sea-level change. Within the Top End of the Northern Territory of Australia there are extensive, relatively unmodified, tide-dominated mangrove forests, where tidal processes redistribute sediment. Harbours, such as Darwin Harbour, and tidal rivers, such as the South Alligator River with its associated coastal and estuarine plains, represent opposite extremes in terms of Holocene sedimentary infill, and will respond differently to sea-level rise. In Darwin Harbour, mangrove assemblages can be recognized in geomorphologically defined habitats. Similar topography within and between creeks implies morphodynamic equilibrium with tidal processes. Tidal reworking of sediment may maintain an equilibrial profile under gradually rising sea level, with resuspension of lower intertidal and subtidal muds and their redeposition within upper intertidal mangrove habitats. In contrast, the plains along the coast and tidal rivers draining into van Diemen Gulf developed during the post-glacial marine transgression, and since sea level stabilized, around 6000 years ago, coastal plains have prograded. These broad plains are presently not extensively influenced by salt water, but are often at elevations close to, or even below, modern high-tide levels. They may, therefore, revert to saline conditions particularly rapidly if the sea rises. The pattern of change may not be directly analogous to marine incursion experienced in the early Holocene, because broad plains have been able to prograde during the last 6000 years of relatively stable sea level. 相似文献
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In many countries, coastal planners strive to balance the demands between civil, commercial strategy and environmental conversation interests for future development, particularly given the sea level rise in the 21 st century. Achieving a sustainable balance is often a dilemma, especially in low-lying coastal areas where dams in inland river basin are trapping significant amounts of fluvial sediments. We recently investigated the shore of Bohai Bay in northern China where there has been a severe increase in sea level following a program of large-scale coastal reclamation and infrastructure development over the last five decades. To investigate this trend, we obtained sediment cores from near-shore in Bohai Bay, which were dated by ~(137)Cs and ~(210)Pb radionuclides to determine the sedimentation rates for the last 50 years. The average sedimentation rates of Bohai Bay exceeded 10 mm yr~(-1) before 1963, which was much higher than the rate of local sea-level rise. However, our results showed an overall decreasing sedimentation rate after 1963, which was not able to compensate for the increasing relative sea-level rise in that period. In addition, our results revealed that erosion occurred after the 1980 s in the shallow sea area of Bohai Bay. We suggest that this situation places the Bohai Bay coast at a greater risk of inundation and erosion within the next few decades than previously thought, especially in the large new reclamation area. This study may be a case study for many other shallow sea areas of the muddy coast if the sea level continues to rise rapidly and the sediment delivered by rivers continues to decrease. 相似文献
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Hui Wang Kexiu Liu Aimei Wang Jianlong Feng Wenjing Fan Qiulin Liu Yao Xu Zengjian Zhang 《Ocean Dynamics》2018,68(4-5):485-495
Based on coastal tide level, satellite altimetry, and sea surface temperature (SST) data of offshore areas of China’s coast and the equatorial Pacific Ocean, the regional characteristics of the effects of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on the sea level in the China Sea were investigated. Singular value decomposition results show a significant teleconnection between the sea level in the China Sea and the SST of the tropical Pacific Ocean; the correlation coefficient decreases from south to north. Data from tide gauges along China’s coast show that the seasonal sea-level variations are significantly correlated with the ENSO. In addition, China’s coast was divided into three regions based on distinctive regional characteristics. Results obtained show that the annual amplitude of sea level was low during El Niño developing years, and especially so during the El Niño year. The ENSO intensity determined the response intensity of the annual amplitude of the sea level. The response region (amplitude) was relatively large for strong ENSO intensities. Significant oscillation periods at a timescale of 4–7 years existed in the sea level of the three regions. The largest amplitude of oscillation was 1.5 cm, which was the fluctuation with the 7-year period in the South China Sea. The largest amplitude of oscillation in the East China Sea was about 1.3 cm. The amplitude of oscillation with the 6-year period in the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea was the smallest (less than 1 cm). 相似文献
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During the detailed excavations of ancient Caesarea, Israel, East Mediterranean, 64 coastal water wells have been examined that date from the early Roman period (with the oldest occurring in the 1st century AD), up to the end of the Crusader period (mid-13th century AD). The depths of these coastal water wells establish the position of the ancient water table and therefore the position of sea level for the first century AD up to 1300 AD. The connection between the coastal water table and changes in sea level has been established from modern observations in several wells on time scales of days and months and this is used to reconstruct sea level during historical time. The results indicate that during the Byzantine period, sea level at Caesarea was higher by about 30 cm than today. The Late Moslem and Crusader data shows greater fluctuations but the data sets are also much smaller than for the earlier periods. The consistency of the data indicates that the near-coastal well data from Caesarea provides a reliable indicator of sea-level change, with an accuracy of about 10-15 cm. These results are consistent with observations for earlier periods and, with comparisons to model-predicted glacio-hydro isostatic sea-level change, indicate that ocean volumes have been constant for much of the past 2000 years. The well data is also consistent with an absence of significant vertical tectonic movement of the coast at Caesarea over about 2000 years. 相似文献
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Crustal movement and deformation in Taiwan and its coastal area 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Introduction Both Taiwan Island and Chinese mainland belong to Eurasian plate in geological structure. And the nearest distance between Taiwan Island and Fujian Province, which is located on the opposite coast, is only 130 km. Although there are high-precision GPS networks in both Taiwan and Fujian Province, joint GPS measurement cannot be made directly because of the inconvenient contact due to the strait between them. However, the GPS networks arranged on b… 相似文献