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1.
池养条件下军曹鱼仔鱼的消化道内容物 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用光镜解剖观察的方法对池塘培育的1-20日龄军曹鱼仔鱼消化道内容物的种类、数量和大小进行研究。结果显示：军曹鱼仔鱼于2日龄开口，主要摄食桡足类无节幼体和桡足幼体及枝角类；在2～20日龄阶段，桡足类在军曹鱼仔鱼食谱中占据主要成分；从13日龄开始摄食虾、蟹类幼体等大型浮游动物，两个阶段的食物选择性指数存在显著差异。 相似文献
2.
研究了军曹鱼(Rachycentron canadum)早期阶段的生长和摄食特性。结果表明:1~29日龄间,全长与日龄之间呈指数函数相关:y=3.6922e0.0995x(R=0.9913);体重与日龄间呈指数函数相关:y=0.0002e0.276x(R=0.9830);体重与全长之间为幂函数相关:y=5×10-6x2.786(R=0.9957);口径与日龄的关系为直线函数关系:y=0.1034x-0.0044(R=0.9939)。鱼苗早期阶段的生长速度存在显著性差异。军曹鱼早期鱼苗在3~6日龄时主要摄食原生动物、单轮幼虫和轮虫;7~12日龄时主要摄食桡足类无节幼体;13日龄以后主要摄食桡足类成体。仔、稚鱼阶段,军曹鱼的摄食活动呈现明显的昼夜节律,其饱满度指数均在12时前后出现最高峰,日摄食率分别为57.36%和14.78%。 相似文献
3.
军曹鱼仔鱼期的摄食与生长 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
以人工孵化的军曹鱼(Rachycentron canadum)卵黄囊期仔鱼为材料,对仔鱼早期阶段的摄食及生长情况进行研究。结果表明:在水温28~32℃条件下,军曹鱼仔鱼3日龄开始摄食,6日龄时卵黄完全耗尽,6~7日龄饥饿仔鱼进入不可逆点(PNR)期;混合营养期3~4 d。饥饿仔鱼的初次摄食率开始较低,此后上升,到卵黄囊快要耗尽时达高峰(50%),以后又下降。内营养期,仔鱼日平均生长率为0.86 mm/d;PNR前的摄食期,饥饿仔鱼的日平均增长率为0.068 mm/d,而摄食仔鱼的日平均生长率为0.64 mm/d;PNR后至死亡前,饥饿仔鱼体长呈负增长,而摄食仔鱼的日平均生长率达1.04 mm/d。摄食仔鱼在孵化后8 d内的全长和日龄呈指数关系;前10 d的口径与全长呈正比关系。 相似文献
4.
以人工孵化的军曹鱼（Rachycentron canadum）卵黄囊期仔鱼为材料，对仔鱼早期阶段的摄食及生长情况进行研究。结果表明：在水温28～32℃条件下，军曹鱼仔鱼3日龄开始摄食，6日龄时卵黄完全耗尽，6～7日龄饥饿仔鱼进入不可逆点（PNR）期；混合营养期3～4d。饥饿仔鱼的初次摄食率开始较低，此后上升，到卵黄囊快要耗尽时达高峰（50％），以后又下降。内营养期，仔鱼日平均生长率为0．86mm／d；PNR前的摄食期，饥饿仔鱼的日平均增长率为0．068mm／d，而摄食仔鱼的日平均生长率为0．64mm／d；PNR后至死亡前，饥饿仔鱼体长呈负增长，而摄食仔鱼的日平均生长率达1．04mm／d。摄食仔鱼在孵化后8d内的全长和日龄呈指数关系；前10d的口径与全长呈正比关系。 相似文献
5.
全长5.8—6.4mm 具卵黄和油球的仔鱼开口摄食轮虫和无节幼体。稚鱼选择枝角类为主。幼鱼对桡足类的选择明显地高于枝角类,对轮虫和无节幼体则无选择性。早期幼鱼还摄食摇蚊幼虫,虾,草鱼苗和本种小鱼。26日龄幼鱼平均日增长1.18mm,日增重22.31mg。数理统计分析确定,全长与日龄呈直线关系。体重与日龄,全长对体重均呈幂函数关系。 相似文献
6.
《广东海洋大学学报》2015,(4)
在水温(23±1)℃条件下研究饥饿对斑鳜(Siniperca scherzeri)仔鱼生长、形态和行为的影响,确定其初次摄食饥饿不可逆点(the point of no return,PNR)和初次投喂最佳时间。结果表明:斑鳜仔鱼孵化后3日龄开始摄食外源食物,进入混合营养期;7日龄油球吸收完毕,进入外源营养期,混合营养期仅4 d。饥饿状态下,仔鱼生长与卵黄囊吸收密切相关,全长基本维持恒定,4日龄出现自残现象,但仔鱼身体发黑、头大身瘦、后脑部下陷;集群性、初次摄食率与饥饿时间呈负相关;初次摄食时间在3日龄,仅为5%,高峰期出现在6日龄(油球即将完全吸收),可达85%,PNR期为7~8日龄;仔鱼具有初次摄食能力的时间为4~5 d,仔鱼初次摄食最佳投喂时间在5日龄左右。 相似文献
7.
黑脊倒刺鲃仔稚鱼摄食的习性与生长 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
江仁党 《广东海洋大学学报》2006,26(1):1-6
研究了养殖条件下黑脊倒刺仔稚鱼摄食习性与生长,结果表明:仔鱼4日龄开口摄食,全长9.0~9.99mm;仔稚鱼的摄食具有明显的昼夜节律性;仔稚鱼个体间生长速度具有一定的差异性;其体重与摄食量的关系为y=0.064 4X+1.433 1,全长与日龄的关系为L=8.861 4×exp(0.042 9T),体重与日龄的关系为W=3.736×exp(0.151 3T),全长与体重的关系为W=1.7×10-3×L3.531 4。 相似文献
8.
《广东海洋大学学报》2020,(2)
【目的】了解大刺鳅(Mastacembelue armatu)仔、稚鱼的生长特性及摄食节律。【方法】采用生长测量和摄食节律评估方法,在水温25.5～31.0℃条件下,研究人工培育大刺鳅仔、稚鱼的生长及摄食节律。【结果】0～42日龄大刺鳅仔、稚鱼平均全长和体质量的特定增长率分别为6.23%和10.08%;全长(L_t/mm)与日龄(t/d)的回归方程为L_t=0.022 t~2+0.510 t+5.113(R~2=0.991,P<0.01);体质量(m_t/g)与日龄(t/d)的回归方程为M_t=4.464×10~(-4)t~2-0.007 t+0.027(R~2=0.993,P<0.01);体质量(m_t/g)与全长(L_t/mm)的幂函数回归方程为M_t=3.993×10~(-5)L_t~(2.294)(R~2=1.000,P<0.01),幂指数b<3。在实验条件下,大刺鳅仔、稚鱼摄食强度有较明显的昼夜节律,摄食强度高峰期分别为8:00-20:00和8:00-18:00,最高峰均出现在16:00;对卤虫无节幼体和枝角类消化时间分别为12.0～12.5 h和14.0 h。【结论】大刺鳅仔稚鱼的生长属于非均匀生长类型,有较明显的白昼摄食习性。 相似文献
9.
用酶学分析法研究太平洋鳕仔鱼发育过程中胰蛋白酶、酸性蛋白酶、淀粉酶和脂肪酶活性的变化。结果表明:4种酶的比活力均在初孵时即可检出,但比活力变化趋势不同;胰蛋白酶比活力在仔鱼孵化初期较高,随后显著降低;酸性蛋白酶比活力在早期仔鱼阶段比较低,且较为稳定,从14日龄开始显著升高;淀粉酶比活力在3日龄即达到最大值,之后显著降低,并一直保持较低的比活力;脂肪酶的比活力一直较低,在5日龄达到最大值,之后比活力大幅度下降。仔鱼发育过程中,各种酶活性变化显著(p<0.05),太平洋鳕在仔鱼期已经可以消化蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物。 相似文献
10.
【目的】研究电厂排水口附近海域周年浮游桡足类群落对脱硫海水受纳海域环境因子的群落响应。【方法】2016年4、7、9、12月分别对湛江自备电厂附近海域的浮游桡足类群落结构及相关环境因子进行了调查。【结果与结论】共鉴定出浮游桡足类41属83种和11类幼体,其中四季种类数为春季27种,夏季31种,秋季47种,冬季43种,分别占浮游动物种类数的18.2%、20.9%、31.9%、29%。种类最多的是大眼剑水蚤属达8种,其次为长腹剑水蚤属7种,唇角水蚤属5种,隆哲水蚤属和歪水蚤属各4种。其中优势种共有8种,无四季优势种,3季都为优势种的有钳形歪水蚤Tortanusforcipatus和太平洋纺锤水蚤Acartiapacifica。浮游桡足类丰度呈现秋季夏季春季冬季的规律,大致符合涨潮丰度增加,落潮丰度减小,远岸丰度低于近岸的规律。Sperman相关性表明,浮游桡足类丰度与夏季pH和温度呈现显著负相关关系,与夏季盐度呈现极显著正相关关系,且温盐是解释夏季浮游桡足类丰度差异的最佳组合。从4个断面分析结果可知,秋季浮游桡足类分布受断面影响显著,秋季断面pH值差异显著。 相似文献
11.
We describe organogenesis at a histological level in American shad (Alosa sapidissima) larvae from 0 until 45 days after hatching (DAH). Larval development was divided into four stages based on the feeding mode, external morphological features, and structural changes in the organs: stage 1 (0–2 DAH), stage 2 (3–5 DAH), stage 3 (6–26 DAH) and stage 4 (27–45 DAH). At early stage 2 (3 DAH), American shad larvae developed the initial digestive and absorptive tissues, including the mouth and anal opening, buccopharyngeal cavity, oesophagus, incipient stomach, anterior and posterior intestine, differentiated hepatocytes, and exocrine pancreas. The digestive and absorptive capacity developed further in stages 2 to 3, at which time the pharyngeal teeth, taste buds, gut mucosa folds, differentiated stomach, and gastric glands could be observed. Four defined compartments were discernible in the heart at 4 DAH. From 3 to 13 DAH, the excretory systems started to develop, accompanied by urinary bladder opening, the appearance and development of primordial pronephros, and the proliferation and convolution of renal tubules. Primordial gills were detected at 2 DAH, the pseudobranch was visible at 6 DAH, and the filaments and lamellae proliferated rapidly during stage 3. The primordial swim bladder was first observed at 2 DAH and started to inflate at 9 DAH; from then on, it expanded constantly. The spleen was first observed at 8 DAH and the thymus was evident at 12 DAH. From stage 4 onwards, most organs essentially manifested an increase in size, number, and complexity of tissue structure. 相似文献
12.
Histogenesis of the immune system and specific activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) were studied in rock bream Oplegnathus fasciatus from fertilization to 50 days after hatching(DAH).The pronephric tubule primordium developed in the embryo,14 h 30 min post fertilization.The spleen anlage was observed between the swim bladder and the intestine at 5 DAH,and the thymus was formed as a paired structure under the pharyngeal epithelium above the gill arch at 10 DAH.The order of the immune organs becoming lymphoid was the pronephric kidney(10 DAH),thymus(15 DAH) and spleen(21 DAH).As the embryo developed,the specific activity of SOD gradually increased until hatching,but subsequently SOD activity continuously decreased to a minimum at 14 DAH.After the spleen became lymphoid,the specific activity of SOD was relatively stable.It is suggested that the immaturity of the lymphoid organs and low specific activity of SOD was the cause of the high mortality of fingerlings 12 to 16 DAH. 相似文献
13.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2016,(5)
Ontogenetic changes in digestive enzyme activities and the amino acid(AA) profile of starry flounder,Platichthys stellatus,were investigated and limiting amino acids were estimated compared with the essential AA profile between larvae and live food to clarify starry flounder larval nutritional requirements.Larvae were collected at the egg stage and 0,2,4,7,12,17,24 days after hatching(DAH)for analysis.Larvae grew from 1.91 mm at hatching to 12.13 mm at 24 DAH.Trypsin and chymotrypsin activities changed slightly by 4 DAH and then increased significantly 4 DAH.Pepsin activity increased sharply beginning 17 DAH.Lipase activity increased significantly 4 DAH and increased progressively with larval growth.Amylase activity was also detected in newly hatched larvae and increased 7 DAH followed by a gradual decrease.High free amino acid(FAA) content was detected in starry flounder eggs(110.72mg/g dry weight).Total FAA content dropped to 43.29 mg/g in 4-DAH larvae and then decreased gradually to 13.74 mg/g in 24-DAH larvae.Most FAAs(except lysine and methionine) decreased 50%in 4-DAH larvae compared with those in eggs and then decreased to the lowest values in 24-DAH larvae.Changes in the protein amino acid(PAA) profile were much milder than those observed for FAAs.Most PAAs increased gradually during larval development,except lysine and phenylalanine.The percentages of free threonine,valine,isoleucine,and leucine decreased until the end of the trial,whereas the protein forms of these four AAs followed the opposite trend.A comparison of the essential AA composition of live food(rotifers,Artemia nauplii,and Artemia metanauplii) and larvae suggested that methionine was potentially the first limiting AA.These results may help develop starry flounder larviculture methods by solving the AA imbalance in live food.Moreover,the increased digestive enzyme activities indicate the possibility of introducing artificial compound feed. 相似文献
14.
Ontogenetic changes in digestive enzyme activities and the amino acid (AA) profile of starry flounder, Platichthys stellatus, were investigated and limiting amino acids were estimated compared with the essential AA profile between larvae and live food to clarify starry flounder larval nutritional requirements. Larvae were collected at the egg stage and 0, 2, 4, 7, 12, 17, 24 days after hatching (DAH) for analysis. Larvae grew from 1.91 mm at hatching to 12.13 mm at 24 DAH. Trypsin and chymotrypsin activities changed slightly by 4 DAH and then increased significantly 4 DAH. Pepsin activity increased sharply beginning 17 DAH. Lipase activity increased significantly 4 DAH and increased progressively with larval growth. Amylase activity was also detected in newly hatched larvae and increased 7 DAH followed by a gradual decrease. High free amino acid (FAA) content was detected in starry flounder eggs (110.72 mg/g dry weight). Total FAA content dropped to 43.29 mg/g in 4-DAH larvae and then decreased gradually to 13.74 mg/g in 24-DAH larvae. Most FAAs (except lysine and methionine) decreased >50% in 4-DAH larvae compared with those in eggs and then decreased to the lowest values in 24-DAH larvae. Changes in the protein amino acid (PAA) profile were much milder than those observed for FAAs. Most PAAs increased gradually during larval development, except lysine and phenylalanine. The percentages of free threonine, valine, isoleucine, and leucine decreased until the end of the trial, whereas the protein forms of these four AAs followed the opposite trend. A comparison of the essential AA composition of live food (rotifers, Artemia nauplii, and Artemia metanauplii) and larvae suggested that methionine was potentially the first limiting AA. These results may help develop starry flounder larviculture methods by solving the AA imbalance in live food. Moreover, the increased digestive enzyme activities indicate the possibility of introducing artificial compound feed. 相似文献
15.
DKHIL Mohamed A ALHAFIDH Wejdan AL-QURAISHY Saleh ALOTAIBI Mashael BANAEEM Manal ALSALEH Thekra ABDEL-GABER Rewaida 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2022,21(2):457-464
Dammam City is one of the gorgeous coastal areas in the Arabian Gulf of Saudi Arabia.The present study aimed to ex-amine one of the copepod species infecting the rosy goatfish that represents a highly consumed fish species by the local population in the Arabian Gulf.The copepod species isolated from the infected fish specimens belong to the family Taeniacanthidae and was iden-tified as Irodes parupenei Ho and Lin(2007),primarily based on its morphological,morphometric,and ultrastructural characteris-tics,especially the structures of the dorsal cephalic area,segmentation of the first antenna,the absence of the maxilliped claw in the fe-male specimens,and the setation and spinulation of the legs 2-4 for the adult females are of great significance in the taxonomic iden-tification.The 18S rRNA gene sequence was analyzed to ensure the precise identity and exact taxonomic status of the copepod species.The result showed that this copepod species belong to Taenicanthidae and closely related to Irodes sauridi(gb|JF781550.1)in the same taxon.More details on the specificity of the goatfish for Irodes species and identifying these parasitic taxa using molecular analysis are given in the present study. 相似文献
16.
S. K. Baliarsingh Suchismita Srichandan Aneesh A. Lotliker T. Srinivasa Kumar K. C. Sahu 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2018,17(4):879-889
An interannual study on zooplankton abundance, biomass, and species composition was carried out during different seasons in two local coastal water types off Gopalpur, north-western Bay of Bengal. Although, Type-1 was observed with higher zooplankton abundance in comparison to Type-2, pattern of variation followed similar seasonal trends in both water types during individual years. Well pronounced seasonality was observed in zooplankton distribution. Zooplankton community was composed of 217 holoplankton and 22 meroplankton. The holoplankton community was predominated by copepod in terms of species diversity and abundance followed by hydrozoa, tintinnida, malacostraca, gastropoda, chaetognatha and chordata. The meroplankton were represented by larval forms viz. bivalve veliger, brachyuran zoea larvae, caridean larvae, copepod nauplii, fish egg and gastropod veliger. Dominance of copepod species viz. Acrocalanus longicornis, Paracalanus aculeatus and Paracalanus parvus were observed frequently in both water types. The species richness was higher in Type-1 in comparison to Type-2 during both the years. Salinity regimes and availability of phytoplankton prey influenced the distribution and species composition of zooplankton assemblage. 相似文献
17.
Zooplankton abundance, biovolume and taxonomic composition in Jiaozhou Bay and the adjacent coastal Yellow Sea were evaluated using ZooScan measurement of samples collected by net towing every August from 2005 to 2012. Zooplankton abundance and biovolume ranged from 1 938.5 to 24 800 ind./m~3 and 70.8 to 1 480.1 mm~3/m~3 in Jiaozhou Bay and 73.1 to 16 814.3 ind./m~3 and 19.6 to 640.7 mm~3/m~3 in the coastal Yellow Sea. Copepods were the most abundant group in both regions, followed by N octiluca scintillans and appendicularians in Jiaohzou Bay, and chaetognaths and N octiluca scintillans in adjacent coastal Yellow Sea. Over the study period, the most conspicuous hydrographic change was an increase in water temperature. Meanwhile, a general decrease in zooplankton abundance was observed, particularly in copepod populations. Based on redundancy analysis(RDA), the warming trend was the key environmental factor influencing to decrease of copepod abundance. The proportion of small-sized copepods increased while the mean size of all copepods decreased, in significant correlation with water temperature. Our results indicate that zooplankton, particularly copepods, are highly sensitive to change in water temperature, which is consistent with predicted impacts of warming on aquatic ectotherms. Due to their dominance in the zooplankton, the decline in copepod size and abundance could lead to an unfavourable decrease in energy availability for predators, particularly planktivorous fish. 相似文献
18.
Seasonal variation in community structure and body length of dominant copepods around artificial reefs in Xiaoshi Island, China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
This study aims to investigate the seasonal variations in copepod community structure and prosome length of dominant species from March 2009 to January 2010 around artificial reefs in Xiaoshi Island,Yellow Sea,Weihai,China.Samples were collected using two types of plankton net(Model I and Model II) for different-sized copepods.The number of taxon was calculated from the data of both the net types,while the copepod abundance was done using the samples from Model II only.Sixteen species of planktonic copepods,including 5 dominant species,were recorded.Results reveal that Oithona similis was the first dominant species from March to June,and was replaced by Paracalanus parvus in September;both dominated the copepod community in January.Acartia hongi was the second dominant species from March to September.Centropages abdominalis was the third dominant species from March to June,and was replaced by O.similis in September and Corycaeus affinis in January.C.affinis was the fourth dominant species in September.Population density of the dominant copepods was compared with that of other similar regions.We found that the dominant species were mostly small copepods(<1 mm) except for adult Centrapages abdominalis.Seasonal variation in prosome length of O.similis,C.abdominalis,and C.affinis,and their copepodites were studied for the first time in China.For P.parvus and A.hongi,seasonal trends in prosome length variation were similar with those in Jiaozhou Bay,Yellow Sea,Qingdao,China,in a similar temperate domain.The results are helpful for future calculation of copepod biomass and production,and for investigation of the relationship between copepods and fish resources. 相似文献
19.
孙军 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2010,28(4):832-835
A double parasitism (isopod Cymothoidae and copepod Pennellidae) on black-barred halfbeak fish, Hemiramphus far, was recorded from Pazhayar coastal waters (southeast coast of India) during September 2008. This is the first report from
this region and the infection is discussed in relation to environmental and biological parameters. 相似文献