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1.
世界上绝大部分Re赋存在斑岩型矿床的辉钼矿之中,且分布极不均匀。在矿床-矿石-矿物颗粒等不同尺度上,Re含量均存在较大差异,但造成这些差异的因素目前尚不清楚。本文以德兴矿田中富家坞和铜厂二个矿床的辉钼矿为研究对象,在细致的矿相学研究的基础上,对其开展了EPMA、LA-ICP-MS和XRD分析,同时结合前人研究资料,详细探讨了Re在这两个矿床辉钼矿中的分布规律及差异性富集机制。结果显示:富家坞和铜厂均普遍发育两种形态的辉钼矿(细粒集合体型和粗粒片状型),Re在两种辉钼矿中的分布均极为不均,但细粒集合体型相对更富Re,而同一形态辉钼矿铜厂矿床则具有更高的Re含量;同一矿床中辉钼矿结晶越晚,往往越富集Re;个别辉钼矿可见扭结现象,且扭结部位的Re含量更低,暗示后期构造变形可能导致了Re的丢失;两个矿床高Re辉钼矿和低Re辉钼矿的结构均为2H多型,表明Re含量与辉钼矿晶体结构无关。结合前人资料,本文认为成矿流体性质(如温度、盐度等)是导致铜厂和富家坞辉钼矿Re含量差异的主要因素。 相似文献
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通过PEG20000辅助流变相法,以自制的纳米FePO4为铁源,在600℃于氩气氛围下反应4 h合成了LiFePO4/C复合材料。用XRD、SEM对材料晶体结构和表面形貌进行了表征,结果显示合成的LiFePO4/C复合材料结晶好,分散良好、大小均匀并呈细小球状,粒径范围为50~150 nm。材料在1 C倍率下放电容量高达153.3 mAhg-1。即使在20 C倍率下,材料放电容量仍有97 mAhg-1并展现出优秀的循环性能。 相似文献
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辉钼矿的多型及其成因初探 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
自然界已发现辉钼矿的2H、3R和2H+3R多型。笔者对我国9个不同类型矿床中23个辉钼矿的晶体结构、混入组分、形成条件进行了分析,并据此探讨了辉钼矿多型的成因。 相似文献
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纳米金属微粒发现——深穿透地球化学的微观证据 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9
在400m深度隐伏铜镍矿上方气体和固体介质中同时发现纳米级铜等金属微粒。透射电镜下显像直观、质感,图像清晰。单个金属微粒呈球形或椭球形,多个微粒大多构成团聚体。单个金属微粒粒径主体在几十纳米,最小到10nm,大到上百个nm。微粒具有有序晶体结构。原位测量微粒成分为:①单一成分纳米自然铜微粒;②金属复合成分纳米微粒Cu-Fe,Cu-Ag,Cu-Cr,Cu-Ni,Cu-Fe-Mn;③含有Si、Al、Ca、O、P复杂成分的纳米Cu微粒。在地气和土壤中微粒大小、形貌特点和成分基本相似,同时微粒具有有序晶体结构。以上事实说明二者之间具有成因联系,即都来自于矿体。在实验室建立的模拟迁移柱,证实纳米金属微粒具有极强的穿透能力和快速迁移能力。这不仅为深穿透地球化学提供了直接的微观证据,而且为利用土壤作为采样介质的微粒分离深穿透地球化学技术寻找隐伏矿具有重要的应用价值。 相似文献
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铼(Re)作为关键金属之一,是国家安全和军事战略必不可少的关键矿产,近年来受到世界各国的广泛关注。目前全球90%的Re产出于斑岩型矿床中,由于Re和Mo(钼)的元素性质相近,辉钼矿是Re的主要富集矿物。目前,前人的研究主要集中于含Re辉钼矿多型、辉钼矿中Re的含量、以及微米尺度上Re在辉钼矿中的赋存规律等方面,但纳米尺度上,Re在辉钼矿中的赋存状态研究仍十分薄弱。本次工作以安徽省泾县新发现的湛岭斑岩型钼矿床中的辉钼矿为研究对象,查明矿床中的辉钼矿主要有两种类型:粗粒叶片状辉钼矿(Ⅰ型)和细粒集合体辉钼矿(Ⅱ型)。通过电子探针(EPMA)和激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子质谱仪(LA-ICP-MS)确定了微米尺度上辉钼矿中的Re含量呈较大的不均一性。粗粒叶片状辉钼矿核部的Re含量(90.2×10~(-6))高于边部(37.6×10~(-6)),细粒集合体辉钼矿中的Re平均含量(89.4×10~(-6))明显高于粗粒叶片状辉钼矿(50.0×10~(-6)),其中可见多个无规律的局部Re富集区域。在此基础上,对细粒集合体辉钼矿中富Re区域进行聚焦离子束(FIB)原位取样,并运用透射电镜(TEM)分析发现,在纳米尺度上,辉钼矿Re含量也有较大不均一性。在ADF-TEM照片中识别出辉钼矿具有a、b两种不同的表征。表征a的辉钼矿Re含量较高,晶格受到明显干扰,除类质同象替换外,还存在以Re-S吸附的方式赋存的Re;而表征b中的辉钼矿Re含量较低,晶格并未受到明显的干扰,Re主要是以类质同象替换的形式存在。以上研究结果表明,湛岭斑岩型钼矿床中的Re除了类质同象替代Mo进入辉钼矿晶格外,还以Re-S的形式吸附在辉钼矿晶格表面,Re的两种赋存状态是辉钼矿中Re含量不均一性的主要原因。 相似文献
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以硫尿和乙酸锌为前驱物,通过离子交换和溶液热反应的方法在有机高岭石蒙脱石混层矿物(高蒙混层矿物)层间原位合成了ZnS纳米粒子,得到ZnS柱撑高岭石蒙脱石混层矿物纳米复合材料。X射线粉末衍射分析(XRD)表明高蒙混层矿物的d001从原来的0.98nm被柱撑到1.95nm,表明层间被插入了直径小于1nm的ZnS纳米颗粒。扫描电镜(SEM)观察发现,原高蒙混层矿物的有序片层结构部分被破坏,在被剥离的片层上面均匀覆盖了ZnS颗粒聚集体,粒径在25nm左右。透射电镜(TEM)显示,ZnS颗粒聚集体是由3～5nm的颗粒堆积而成,夹杂在被剥离的高蒙混层矿物层中。选区电子衍射(SAED)和能量散射谱(EDS)测定表明形成的ZnS属于六方晶系,结晶度较低。光降解伊红_B(eosion_B)实验表明该纳米复合物具有极高的反应活性,紫外可见吸收光谱(UV_Vis)跟踪反应历程,表明降解过程中没有其他中间产物生成,20min之内降解率达到99.1%。本方法制备的ZnS柱撑高蒙混层矿物纳米复合材料与前人制备的ZnS纳米粒子相比具有更高的催化活性,方法更简单,原料较便宜,可重复利用。 相似文献
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从蒙脱石的化学组成、晶体结构、纳米结构以及晶胞的荷电规律,阐述了蒙脱石的微观结构特征。蒙脱石晶胞是一个带有0.66个负电荷的大负离子体,每个晶胞面积约为0.4378 nm2,体积0.4594nm3。9个晶胞构成了能完整表征蒙脱石物化性的最小纳米微粒,该微粒平行于(001)面的面积为4.2645nm2,体积4.0940 nm3。蒙脱石晶体层间通常带有负电荷,端面带有正电荷,所以蒙脱石在分散过程中容易形成卡房式结构。 相似文献
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纳米复合材料是指相尺度至少有一维小于100nm量级的复合材料。由于其纳米尺度效应、大的比表面积以及强的界面相互作用，纳米复合材料具有远优于相同组分常规复合材料的物理力学性能，因此制备纳米材料以获得高性能复合材料受到材料工作者的极大重视。而层状硅酸盐粘土(主要成分是蒙脱土)以其内部层状结构、廉价、易获得等独特的优势成为制备聚合物／无机纳米复合材料的首选原料之一。 相似文献
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本文以扬子西南缘拉拉IOCG矿床辉钼矿为研究对象,应用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS),对变质热液期浸染状辉钼矿(Ⅰ)及后期热液期团块状辉钼矿(Ⅱ)中稀土元素(REE)进行了研究。两期辉钼矿具明显不同的矿/岩相学及REE特征:辉钼矿(Ⅰ)镜下呈鳞片状、规则的板柱状、弯曲的板柱状集合体;辉钼矿(Ⅱ)晶体粗大且结晶程度较高,镜下呈片状集合体。辉钼矿(Ⅰ)的∑REE明显高于辉钼矿(Ⅱ),但轻、重稀土分异程度低于辉钼矿(Ⅱ);辉钼矿(Ⅰ)具Eu负异常特征,而辉钼矿(Ⅱ)表现为Eu正异常、Ce负异常。研究认为:辉钼矿(Ⅰ)的Eu负异常主要受控于成矿流体本身的性质,成矿流体的形成温度较高;辉钼矿(Ⅱ)的Eu正异常、Ce负异常主要受控于成矿流体所处的物理化学环境,并暗示其成矿流体为较低温、高氧逸度的流体。两期辉钼矿分别源于不同的成矿流体。 相似文献
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Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
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The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
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Muriel Rocher Stéphane Baize Stéphane Jaillet Edward Marc Cushing Yannick Lozac&#x;h Francis Lemeille 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(8):701-708
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
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正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level 相似文献
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正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7), 相似文献
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正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci- 相似文献
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正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli- 相似文献
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正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.) 相似文献
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正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861 相似文献