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1.
世界上绝大部分Re赋存在斑岩型矿床的辉钼矿之中,且分布极不均匀。在矿床-矿石-矿物颗粒等不同尺度上,Re含量均存在较大差异,但造成这些差异的因素目前尚不清楚。本文以德兴矿田中富家坞和铜厂二个矿床的辉钼矿为研究对象,在细致的矿相学研究的基础上,对其开展了EPMA、LA-ICP-MS和XRD分析,同时结合前人研究资料,详细探讨了Re在这两个矿床辉钼矿中的分布规律及差异性富集机制。结果显示:富家坞和铜厂均普遍发育两种形态的辉钼矿(细粒集合体型和粗粒片状型),Re在两种辉钼矿中的分布均极为不均,但细粒集合体型相对更富Re,而同一形态辉钼矿铜厂矿床则具有更高的Re含量;同一矿床中辉钼矿结晶越晚,往往越富集Re;个别辉钼矿可见扭结现象,且扭结部位的Re含量更低,暗示后期构造变形可能导致了Re的丢失;两个矿床高Re辉钼矿和低Re辉钼矿的结构均为2H多型,表明Re含量与辉钼矿晶体结构无关。结合前人资料,本文认为成矿流体性质(如温度、盐度等)是导致铜厂和富家坞辉钼矿Re含量差异的主要因素。 相似文献
2.
福建中生代钼矿分布广泛, 并伴生有一定的铼.通过系统研究福建中生代钼矿基本特征, 总结出主要有斑岩型、岩浆期后热液型、火山热液型、构造角砾岩型(热液石英脉型)及少量矽卡岩型, 选择坪地、上西坑、罗卜岭、马坑等4个典型钼矿进行重点研究.在野外地质调查、岩相学的基础上, 进行了矿相学及辉钼矿矿石矿物学的系统研究, 得出福建中生代钼矿中辉钼矿的晶体形态主要表现为颗粒较大(粗到中细粒), 结晶度高, 多呈片状、鳞片状、局部板状, 多色性明显, 个别矿区辉钼矿颗粒较小, 结晶较差, 多色性不明显; 辉钼矿多型主要为2H, 少量2H+3R型、3R型; 辉钼矿矿物化学成分中微量杂质元素(包括Re含量, 一般为(N~N×100)×10-6, 并以(N~N×10)×10-6为主)较低.本区辉钼矿的这些矿物学特征说明其形成时的温度条件较高, 多为中高温环境, 其物源可能是壳幔混染源, 且以壳源为主; 中生代钼成矿在福建省内具普遍性, 辉钼矿中的Re作为有益的伴生元素具有一定的综合利用价值. 相似文献
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铼作为战略性关键金属之一,越来越受到人们的关注.Re主要以类质同象的形式赋存在辉钼矿中,然而,不同成因、不同类型矿床的辉钼矿中Re含量差异较大.在钨、锡矿床中Re含量较低,在斑岩型铜(钼)矿床中Re含量较高,后者是全球Re资源的主要载体.前人对于辉钼矿中Re元素的研究主要基于Re-Os同位素年代学,而对于不同区域、不同时代、不同类型斑岩型铜矿床中辉钼矿Re含量的变化规律及其控制因素的研究较少.文章通过汇总前人发表的斑岩型铜(钼)矿床的Re-Os同位素数据,从含矿斑岩的Sr、Nd、Hf等数据与辉钼矿中平均Re含量的关系等角度,探讨了其变化规律及控制因素.结果表明:中国斑岩型铜(钼)中Re含量随着成矿物质从地幔到地壳,依次减少;成矿流体的氧逸度、辉钼矿的产状、与其伴生的硫化物种类及不同的成矿阶段等因素共同控制了辉钼矿中Re的含量. 相似文献
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内蒙古太平沟斑岩型钼矿床Re-Os等时线年龄及其地质意义 总被引：11，自引：2，他引：9
内蒙古太平沟钼矿床位于中国著名的大兴安岭成矿带北缘,属于环太平洋成矿域和古亚洲洋成矿域的叠加部位。通过对内蒙古太平沟斑岩型钼矿床中辉钼矿Re-Os同位素测定,获得等时线年龄为(130.1±1.3)M a,属于燕山成矿时期。太平沟斑岩型钼矿床是中国东部晚中生代岩浆活动的产物,其成矿动力学背景为中国东部岩石圈处于拉伸减薄的环境。太平沟斑岩型钼矿床的Re含量为(9.9±0.085)×10-6~(69.185±0.616)×10-6,相当于壳幔混合源岩浆矿床辉钼矿中的Re含量,说明成矿物质为深部壳幔混合来源。 相似文献
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内蒙古丰镇市泉子沟斑岩钼矿床成岩成矿年代学及其地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
泉子沟斑岩钼矿床位于内蒙古丰镇市,地处华北克拉通北缘内蒙古台隆凉城断隆内。矿区出露一套燕山期花岗质杂岩体——红娘山杂岩体,主要由中粗粒花岗岩、似斑状花岗岩和石英斑岩组成,钼矿体主要赋存于似斑状花岗岩中。文章在详细的野外地质调查基础上,对泉子沟矿床的成岩成矿时代进行了详细研究,并探讨了地质意义。5件辉钼矿样品的Re-Os模式年龄介于(158.8±2.2)Ma~(161.5±2.2)Ma之间,其加权平均值为(159.8±1.0)Ma(MSWD=0.92),等时线年龄为(161.7±3.1)Ma(MSWD=1.40)。红娘山杂岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄分别为:中粗粒花岗岩结晶年龄为(173±1)Ma(MSWD=0.88),似斑状花岗岩侵位年龄为(162±1)Ma(MSWD=0.40),石英斑岩结晶年龄为(160±2)Ma(MSWD=1.90)。辉钼矿Re-Os和锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,泉子沟钼矿床形成于晚侏罗世早期,成矿与似斑状花岗岩关系密切。泉子沟钼矿床的辉钼矿w(Re)介于16.49×10~(-6)~32.87×10~(-6),暗示成矿物质主要来自下地壳。 相似文献
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河南汝阳竹园沟钼矿属斑岩型钼矿床。经过近三年的勘探,完成钻探工作量1万多米,各类样品8000多件。详细查明矿体赋存于燕山晚期第二次(火神庙)侵入细粒花岗岩与第一次侵入的中粗粒黑云母花岗岩内接触带中,矿体呈似层状、透镜状产出。钼矿化与岩石中裂隙的发育程度关系密切,矿体厚度一般50～150m,最大205.36m。岩石类型为细粒花岗岩型辉钼矿矿石,为单一钼矿床。从岩石学、矿物学、地球化学等角度对该矿床地质特征进行研究,认为矿化蚀变具典型斑岩型矿床的特征,地球化学异常和花岗斑岩体是主要找矿标志,有助于在太山庙花岗岩体的钼矿找寻工作。 相似文献
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《矿物岩石》2017,(2)
哈陇休玛钼(钨)矿床位于东昆仑东段地区,矿床成因为斑岩型,花岗闪长斑岩与成矿关系密切。应用锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb法和Re-Os同位素测年法对1件花岗闪长斑岩样品和4件辉钼矿样品进行精确定年。结果表明:成矿花岗闪长斑岩体的形成年龄为(224.68±0.88)Ma(MSWD=0.85);4件辉钼矿样品和1件重复样品的辉钼矿Re-Os等时线年龄为(223.5±1.3)Ma(MSWD=0.66),模式年龄的加权平均值分别为(224.0±1.5)Ma(MSWD=1.8),等时线年龄与模式年龄加权平均值在误差范围内一致。等时线年龄代表了辉钼矿的结晶时间,证实矿区成岩成矿时代晚三叠世,稍晚于东昆仑西段地区钼成矿时代(钼矿主成矿期为中三叠世)。本区辉钼矿w(Re)为4.37×10~(-6)~38.26×10~(-6),平均16.55×10~(-6)与壳幔混源的辉钼矿w(Re)相近(n×10~(-5)),成矿物质来源可能为壳幔混合源,与整个东昆仑造山带晚三叠世强烈壳-幔相互作用大背景相一致。 相似文献
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金属铼(Re)是支撑航空航天等高科技产业高质量发展的重要原材料,具不可替代性。研究表明,世界上绝大部分的Re都赋存在斑岩型矿床的辉钼矿之中,且Re含量在矿床、矿石、矿物颗粒等不同尺度上均存在较大差异,但目前学术界对导致这些差异的影响因素尚不清楚。本文通过对全球斑岩型Cu(Mo)、Mo(Cu)矿床中Mo品位、辉钼矿的微量元素组成和Re-Os年龄、成矿岩体的化学组成、Sr-Nd同位素等数据的汇总,深入探讨了影响该类矿床辉钼矿中Re含量变化的主要因素。结果显示,Re含量与矿床中钼的平均品位呈负相关,地幔物质的加入可能是形成高Re辉钼矿的基础。本研究证实,辉钼矿Re含量与其成矿时代不具耦合关系,并且Re的含量与辉钼矿沉淀的位置、以及辉钼矿多型之间亦无明显相关性,而可能与成矿岩体的成分、岩浆分异程度、成矿流体的性质、热液蚀变及表生作用过程有关。 相似文献
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东秦岭地区钼矿床中辉钼矿的铼含量及多型特征 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
辉钼矿是铼的最主要载体矿物。研究表明,东秦岭地区不同类型钼矿床中,辉钼矿的Re平均含量多为10—20ppm,其中仅黄龙铺碳酸岩脉型钼(铅)矿床的辉钼矿平均含Re高达152.5ppm。尽管辉钼矿中的铼含量有变化,但均呈类质同象取代钼而存在。同时,这些矿床辉钼矿的铼含量差异,主要取决于成矿热流体中原始铼含量。辉钼矿多型有2H型和2H+3R混合型。铼含量和成矿温度对辉钼矿多型没有影响,故辉钼矿多型对于钼矿床类型没有标型意义。 相似文献
10.
豫西沙坡岭钼矿床辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄及其地质意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
河南省沙坡岭钼矿床是东秦岭钼矿带东段新发现的热液脉型钼矿床,通过对矿石中5件辉钼矿样品的Re-Os同位素定年,获得125.4 Ma~129.4 Ma的模式年龄,加权平均年龄为127.22 Ma±0.85 Ma,得到一个相关性较好的128.1 Ma±7.1 Ma的等时线年龄,表明沙坡岭钼矿床形成于燕山中晚期。沙坡岭钼矿床辉钼矿的w(Re)高达147.2×10-6~307.8×10-6,与陕西黄龙铺钼矿床中的Re质量分数接近,表明有幔源物质和/或流体参与了成矿过程,暗示沙坡岭钼矿床的形成与中国东部的大规模岩石圈减薄事件有关。沙坡岭钼矿床深部可能存在斑岩型钼矿化,具有较大的找矿潜力。 相似文献
11.
S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献
18.
Mercury,arsenic, antimony,and selenium contents of sediment from the Kuskokwim River,Bethel, Alaska,USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Kuskokwim River at Bethel, Alaska, drains a major mercury-antimony metallogenic province in its upper reaches and tributaries. Bethel (population 4000) is situated on the Kuskokwim floodplain and also draws its water supply from wells located in river-deposited sediment. A boring through overbank and floodplain sediment has provided material to establish a baseline datum for sediment-hosted heavy metals. Mercury (total), arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents were determined; aluminum was also determined and used as normalizing factor. The contents of the heavy metals were relatively constant with depth and do not reflect any potential enrichment from upstream contaminant sources. 相似文献
19.
滇东南锡、银、铅、锌多金属矿床主要分布在个旧、白牛厂、都龙3个矿区,而滇东南较大的3个花岗岩体又分别出露在3个矿区或附近.花岗岩体均形成于燕山晚期,岩石化学、矿物成分相似,富含锡、银、铅、锌、钨、铜等成矿元素.矿床主金属元素组合与岩体之间的距离由远而近出现由锡、钨、(铍、铌、钽)→锡、钨、(铁)、铜、铟→锡、铅、锌、银、铟、(锑)有规律的变化.花岗岩浆是成矿物质来源和成矿热源.岩浆侵入初期使上覆地层隆起产生背斜(凹陷部位成向斜);同时使地层产生一系列裂隙、压性断层或层间断裂;岩浆侵入晚期,这些断层再次活动,表现为张性,岩浆产生的含矿热液沿由其活动所造成的断裂迁移、充填、交代、沉淀而形成矿床. 相似文献
20.
岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献