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To investigate the mechanical properties of ice-saturated frozen soil, a series of triaxial tests under various confining pressures（0.5 to 9.0 MPa） on ice-saturated frozen loess with ice content of 23.7% were carried out at a temperature-6 °C, and at 1.25 mm/min of loading rate. The triaxial tests include two loading modes, one with monotonic loading（i.e., triaxial compression）, and another with static cycle loading. The test results under triaxial compression show that the strength and deformation behaviors of ice-saturated frozen loess are affected by confining pressure. According to the test results of triaxial loading-unloading cycle test, the elastic modulus evolution with the number of cycles under different confining pressures are analyzed. 相似文献
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1ThedistributionandpaleoenvironmentsignificanceofloessinChinaIn the world, the loess in China has most extensive distribution, the largest thickness and the most complete times. The distribution area is over 448,000 km2 (Liu, 1985), the thickness is about 505 m (Lei, 1995) and the times began from the Tertiary (Zhao, 1989; Ding etal, 2000; Guo etal., 2002). The loess in China is mainly distributed in the middle reaches of the Huanghe (Yellow) River, and concentrated in the east of Gansu p… 相似文献
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Progress in Chinese loess research made in recent 15 years was introduced in this paper, including mainly distribution and
paleoenvironment significance of Chinese loess, new development of loess formation age, red-brown paleosol types and environmental
change, loess-paleosol sequence and climate cycles, monsoon strength change during last interglacial and last glacial periods
in the Loess Plateau, climate events, and source areas of loess and material. 相似文献
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In order to determine the changing rule of long-term frozen soil strength and elucidate the connection between long-term strength and soil physical properties,frozen loess was subjected to 4,6,8,10,and 50 freeze-thaw cycles,under closed-state conditions in a constant-temperature box.The frozen samples were tested on a spherical template indenter,and the results show that under the effect of repeated freeze-thaw cycles,the long-term strength of frozen loess decreased; changes in the mechanical property indices were highly unstable during the first 10 cycles; the soil strength and density were the greatest at the eighth cycle while the void ratio was the smallest; and after eight cycles all of the indices had less fluctuation and certain rising or falling tendencies.By converting the number of freeze-thaw cycles into elapsed time in the tests,three different forecasting methods of long-term soil strength could be assessed and the soil equivalent cohesive force after 10 years,20 years,or 30 years could be estimated. 相似文献
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中国黄土地环境研究的进展 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
概述了中国黄土气候旋回划分、气候变化周期、黄土地层气候划分与深海沉积氧同位素曲线的对比,传统第四纪冰期划分与黄土地层气候旋回差异的原因,介绍了红褐色古土壤演积层和古土壤类型研究的新成果,黄土形成与演变的新模型,评述了黄土古植被研究的新成果,黄土形成与演变的新模型,评述了黄土古植被研究的新进展和今后黄土环境研究的趋势。 相似文献
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中仑昆山北坡黄土特征及其环境* 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
根据野外调查和实验分析资料,阐述和分析中昆仑山北坡黄土的形成时代、物质成分和结构及沉积条件,认为黄土属晚第四纪风积物质,现代黄土堆积持续进行,物质主要来源于塔克拉玛沙漠。在干旱气候背景上,7000-5000a.B.P.为明显相对湿润时期。 相似文献
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黄土丘陵地貌形成模式与地貌演变 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3
通过对陕西北部典型黄土丘陵区地貌调查,提出了黄土丘陵地貌形成模式,并对地貌演变进行了探讨。黄土高原原生黄土丘陵分布广泛,主要在下伏古丘陵基础上由黄土加积而成;次生黄土丘陵是黄土塬、黄土台塬等经沟谷侵蚀、改造而成。黄土丘陵区河流阶地和沟谷层状地貌反映了河流、沟谷的形成与演变。黄河一级支流形成于早更新世末;早中更新世末、晚中更新世初黄河一级支流和较大的二级支流形成了较完整的水系;中更新世末如韭园沟等较大的沟谷形成;晚更新世末河网、沟谷格局与现在已基本一致;尚未切入基岩的冲沟多形成于全新世;长度百米至数十米的切沟多是历史时期或近几十年来形成的。 相似文献
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黄土高原南部全新世古土壤的沉积序列 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Optically stimulated luminescence （OSL） dating for polymlneral fine-grained loess samples, collected in Laoguantai （LGT） section on the south of the Chinese Loess Plateau, was made by application of single-aliquot regenerative-dose （SAR） protocol. A ＇Double-SAW procedure in which aliquots are subjected to both infrared （IR） and blue stimulations was used and two sets of equivalent dose （De） determinations were produced and assumed to relate predominantly to feldspathic and quartz fine grain populations respectively, The OSL ages estimated from IRSL signals are smaller than those estimated from [post-IR] OSL signals due to the anomalous fading of feldspar IR signals, based on fading experiment, The young ages of the samples near ground surface may be originated from the post-depositional disturbance by the intensifying humanity＇s cultivation since 3.0 ka BP in the Guanzhong Basin, south of the Chinese Loess Plateau. Based on OSL dating, as well as field observations and stratigraphic correlation, we determine the chronology of the LGT Ioess-paleosol sequence. In combination with climate proxy records, it is indicated that aeolian loess deposition and pedogenesis underwent polyphase changes during the Holocene, likely to have been driven by shifts in the East Asian monsoon. This suggests that aeolian loess deposition is episodic and highly variable, with contributions from non-aeolian processes such as alluvial deposition found in the area. 相似文献
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汉江上游郧县辽瓦店剖面粒度组成特征及其意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对汉江上游河谷辽瓦店（LWD）剖面的地层特征及粒度分布进行了研究,并与渭河河谷典型风成堆积物对比。结果表明：该剖面中黄土和古土壤的粒度组成以粗粉砂（10～50 μm）为主,频率曲线图、三角图、参数结构散点图等均指示它们具有相同的物质来源,但明显区别于洪水滞流沉积物;其地层序列、宏观特征和粒度分布与渭河河谷全新世黄土-古土壤序列具有良好的可比性。LWD剖面的黄土和古土壤具有风成的基本特性,但其粒度组成比渭河河谷黄土整体偏细,这可能与沙尘暴越过秦岭后强度减弱有关。 相似文献
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黄土高原100万年以来东亚夏季风演变信号的多尺度分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在研究黄土高原东亚季风地质时期周期演变中,利用经验模态分解(EMD)方法对黄土高原甘肃省灵台和赵家川黄土剖面约1 MaB.P.以来磁化率时间序列进行多尺度变化分析,结果表明:1)0~0.8 MaB.P.地球轨道三要素中的偏心率准400 ka、100 ka周期在黄土沉积中反映明显,方差贡献率达35.19%,还发现16 ka的岁差周期及334 ka1、77 ka5、8 ka、31 ka、7.9 ka、3.9 ka的非轨道准周期;2)0.8~1 MaB.P.也发现地球轨道三要素中的偏心率准100 ka周期2、1 ka岁差周期及55 ka、8.3 ka、3.5 ka非轨道准周期,偏心率准100 ka周期具有主导地位(方差贡献率达37.44%);3)尽管黄土记录的东亚夏季风100 ka周期的产生机制已有多种假说,古气候学界还是普遍认为它产生于某些尚不清楚的过程,有待进一步研究。 相似文献
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Ian Smalley 《Area》2008,40(1):131-134
A study of loess in Australia brings the idea of 'desert' loess back into view. Production of particles in deserts still presents problems, but deserts do make adequate storage regions for loess particles – usually produced in adjacent mountains. Straightforward for Central Asia or China (a particle source in High Asia and convenient deserts en route to eventual deposition), but the Sahara and Australian deserts traditionally present problems. If loess material is allowed to be silt-sized clay agglomerate particles as well as the usual clastic primary minerals, then loess in Australia seems reasonable. Loess acquires its remarkable loessic qualities via aeolian deposition – the nature of the particles is perhaps of lesser importance. A more generalised approach to airborne sediments might be attempted, with two major types of suspension material recognised: large dust (maybe coarse and very coarse silt, say 20–60 µm, or perhaps 4–6 phi) and small dust (fine and very fine silt, 2–8 µm, 7–9 phi). Loess is made from large dust. 相似文献
13.
陕西长武古土壤深部风化剖面与环境研究 总被引：6，自引：6，他引：0
根据作者提出的CaCO3淀积深度理论、风化剖面的野外鉴别和室内CaCO3、磁化率测定、粒度分析,确定了陕西长武第4、第5层古土壤底部之下存在深部风化黄土层和迁出了土壤层的CaCO3结核层。这种风化黄土层和CaCO3淀积层的发育表明当时风化淋滤作用超出了成壤带深度范围,指示长武第4、第5层古土壤为不具CaCO3淀积层的中酸性、淋溶型森林土壤。该风化层代表了降水丰富的气候事件,当时年均降水量为900 mm左右。 相似文献
14.
镇江下蜀黄土-古土壤序列磁化率特征与环境记录 总被引：29，自引：2，他引：27
将北方黄土研究中广泛应用的磁化率参数引入长江中下游下蜀黄土的研究,对镇江下蜀黄土古土壤序列进行了系统的质量磁化率采样测试。磁化率变化记录了中更世以来长江中下游地区经历了7~8次大的气候旋回变迁,与邻区风尘堆积及北方黄土高原具有一致性和相似性;下蜀黄土S2以来磁化率记录可与深海氧同位素记录进行细节上的详细对比,首次在下蜀黄土记录中发现了对应于MIS中5a、5b、5c、5d和5e亚阶段的波动特征;对比揭示,近20多万年以来,下蜀黄土堆积区对全球古气候变化有着积极的响应。 相似文献
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David Haberlah 《Area》2008,40(1):135-136
A concise response to Smalley's discussion of my 'Call for Australian loess' paper ( Haberlah 2007 , Area 39 224–9) elaborating on past and possible future Australian contributions to the international loess debate. The suggested idea of dividing loess into three separate categories 'glacial loess', 'desert loess' and 'mountain loess' is questioned by emphasising common links. 相似文献
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横断山地区的黄土及意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研究了横断山地区的黄土的分布特点和理化特征,根据黄土的热释光测年数据并结合冰期划分,横断山地区的黄土主要开始沉积于大约１０万ａ前的晚更新世,要晚于青藏高原冰冻圈的极盛期,这种滞后的效应是由于高原隆起的阶段性和差异性所引起的。 相似文献
17.
A 1928 study of Tripolitania, indicated clearly the presence of loess-like deposits and described their nature, pointing out that 90% of the granular material was greater than 100 μm in diameter. Some authors suggest that there is a region of Peri-Sahara loess, although earlier observations indicate quite clearly that the Sahara region is free of loess. The proposed loess in North Africa, represented by soil samples from Libya, has been investigated. Undisturbed and remoulded soil samples representing two different types of loess have been collected from various locations in Libya. Samples represent Tripoli loess from the Jefara plain in the north west and Ghat loess from the Tahala region in the south west. The specific gravity, Atterberg Limits, grain size distribution and dry density were determined according to British Standard procedures (BSI, 1975). Grain size analysis for particles passing the No. 200 sieve (63 microns) was conducted using the Sedigraph technique. Geometrical characteristics of loess particles passing the 63 microns sieve were examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) technique. The hydrocollapsibility properties, with particular reference to their response to wetting under different stress levels, have been measured in single- and double-oedometer tests. The results of this investigation indicated that the Libyan loess has index properties and hydrocollapse behaviour similar to those of loess from many parts of the world, and that the material can be classified as silty loess in the Tripoli region and clayey loess in the Ghat area. The large particle sizes described in the 1928 study were not found. The Scheidig classification of the North Libya loess ‘Nachgewiesen definite’ is justified. 相似文献
18.
Yitzchak Gutterman 《Journal of Arid Environments》2003,54(4):619-631
This study examined dispersal units, caryopsis size groups, the inhibitory effect of loess soil on germination and the rate of germination of Schismus arabicus caryopses. Germination of small batches of the seeds from the large, long-lasting soil seed bank of S. arabicus contributes to its success as a very common annual plant in large areas of the Negev, under the unpredictable small amounts and distribution of rain. The lower the percentage of germinating caryopses on local loess soil, and the faster the speed of germination (from 4 h) of caryopses that do germinate, the higher is the chance of plants survival to reproduce. 相似文献
19.
对汉江上游谷地归仙河口剖面的地层学、沉积学特征以及磁化率、粒度组成、Rb/Sr比值等理化指标进行了研究。结果显示:归仙河口剖面地层完整,具有表土(MS)→全新世黄土(L0)→古土壤(S0)→过渡性黄土(Lt)→马兰黄土(L1)→河流相沉积物(AD)的地层序列,它记录了汉江第一级阶地抬升以来东亚季风的变化信息。不同地层单元的风化成壤差异明显,其成壤强弱序列为:S0>L0>Lt>L1。归仙河口剖面风化成壤强度的变化表明:18 000～11 500 a BP,气候干冷,风尘大量堆积,成壤微弱,其中在12 500～12 400 a BP出现特大洪水事件;11 500～8 500 a BP,气候逐渐向暖湿方向转变,成壤作用有所增强;8 500～3 000 a BP,气候最为温暖湿润,成壤作用非常强烈,而在7 500～7 000 a BP汉江流域频繁发生特大洪水;距今3 000年开始,气候重新进入一个相对干旱少雨时期,期间气候并不稳定,其中在3 100～3 000 a BP和1 000～900 a BP出现特大洪水事件。 相似文献
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阿西克剖面记录的西天山地区黄土磁学性质及古气候意义初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选取阿西克剖面作为研究对象,对伊犁地区末次间冰期以来的沉积的黄土地层的磁学特征进行分析。结果发现,伊犁地区黄土地层的磁性矿物有磁铁矿、磁赤铁矿、赤铁矿、针铁矿,磁学性质受亚铁磁性的磁铁矿（和磁赤铁矿）控制;MD和PSD是地层中亚铁磁性矿物的主要磁畤状态,随着成壤强度增加,地层中的SP和SD颗粒相对含量逐渐增加;亚铁磁性矿物含量与地层并不完全对应。对磁学参数控制机制的分析表明,本剖面磁学性质受控因素比较复杂,磁性矿物含量主要受控于物源的磁学性质,成壤作用对地层中细粒磁性矿物含量具有很大影响,还原作用可能对底部古土壤层的磁学性质造成一定影响,但对整个剖面的磁学性质影响相对较小。 相似文献