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1.
基于COI序列的翡翠股贻贝Perna viridis线粒体遗传特性分析及其近缘种间的系统关系探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
应用通用引物 COIL 1490和 COIH 2198对翡翠股贻贝Perna viridis的性腺和体细胞线粒体DNA进行PCR扩增，获得661bp长度的COI基因片段，经过比对性腺与体细胞的COI片段，发现雄性性腺与体细胞COI基因均为一个单倍型，即体内只有一种线粒体DNA类型，没有发现双单性遗传现象，雌、雄性腺的COI基因片段变异率很低（0.31%）。应用PAUP构建了NJ树、MP树以及贝叶斯法构建了贝叶斯树，对股贻贝属3种间的系统关系进行了分析，结果表明，翡翠股贻贝P. viridis与P. canaliculus 和 P. perna 之间的分化与分歧年代的估算是相吻合的。 相似文献
2.
Joana M da Silva Antonina dos Santos Marina R Cunha Filipe O Costa Simon Creer Gary R Carvalho 《Marine Ecology》2013,34(2):157-170
Despite the high number of species and ecological diversity of pandalid shrimps, there has been no previous attempt to resolve evolutionary relationships of several genera using molecular tools. Although mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase I (COI) is widely used in barcoding studies to delimit species boundaries, additional insights into phylogenetic affinities can be obtained, especially when used in combination with data from additional genes. The knowledge of molecular diversity is essential to understand phylogenetic relationships and will help systematic clarifications. Based on partial fragments of the 16S and COI genes, we have focused specifically on addressing the systematic relationships of the economically and ecologically important shrimp genus Plesionika within a framework of five genera from within the Pandalidae. Our results showed that species within Plesionika are substantially divergent when compared with other genera, exhibiting the highest average nucleotide divergence, with 0.1123 and 0.0846 in COI and 16S genes, respectively. In addition, sequence divergence was found to vary greatly within the genus Plesionika (COI/16S): 0.0247/0.0016 between Plesionika antigai and Plesionika heterocarpus and 0.1616/0.098 between Plesionika heterocarpus and Plesionika edwardsii. We did not find amino acid sequence divergence between P. heterocarpus and P. antigai compared with P. heterocarpus and P. edwardsii (8.10%, K2P distance). Three species of Plesionika (P. antigai, P. heterocarpus and Plesionika scopifera) appear well separated from other Plesionika species in both maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses. The present study confirms the utility of COI over 16S as a genetic marker to resolve relationships between different species of Plesionika from the Northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea, in addition to species delimitation. The findings highlight the need to further review paraphyly within Plesionika in an attempt to recognize a concordance in the evolutionary history of Plesionika with major ecological and geological events. 相似文献
3.
Chaeturichthys stigmatias and Amblychaeturichthys hexanema belong to the family Gobiidae, which are offshore warm fish species and widely distribute in the western Pacific Ocean. In this study, the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(COI) sequences and 12 S ribosomal RNA(12 S rRNA) sequences were used to analyze the interspecific differences between the two species. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the interspecific distance was significantly higher than the intraspecific genetic distance. The Neighbor-Joining tree showed two separate clusters, without sharing haplotype. The mitochondrial genome sequence of C. stigmatias was also reported. This genome was 17 134 bp in size, with a high A+T content of 55.9%. The phylogenetic analysis based on the tandem 13 coding protein genes nucleotide sequences indicated that C. stigmatias showed a close relationship with A. hexanema. This study can provide the basic genetic data for two species and will help for constructing the phylogeny of the Gobiiade. 相似文献
4.
中国沿海常见蜑螺科贝类的DNA条形码 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
DNA条形码不仅为物种鉴定提供了有效方法,而且也有助于分类学和生物多样性研究。本研究旨在探讨将COI和16S rRNA基因序列应用于中国沿海蜑螺科贝类物种鉴定的可行性,获得了该科3属7种贝类61个个体的COI和16S rRNA基因序列。基于COI基因序列的种内遗传距离为0.00—1.29%,平均为0.67%;属内种间遗传距离为4.62%—19.25%,平均为13.02%;基于16S rRNA基因序列的种内遗传距离为0.00%—0.48%,平均为0.23%;属内种间遗传距离为2.47%—8.48%,平均为6.37%。两种基因序列在所研究的蜑螺中,种内遗传差异均小于种间遗传差异,存在明显的条形码间隙,所有物种在系统发生树上都表现为独立的单系群。结果表明,线粒体COI和16S rRNA基因序列可以作为DNA条形码标准基因对蜑螺科贝类进行有效地物种鉴定。 相似文献
5.
2015年5月至2016年7月在辽宁省大连市黑石礁海域发现红皮藻科入侵种具孔斯帕林藻Sparlingia pertusa(Postels et Ruprecht)G.W.Saunders,I.M.Strachan et G.T.Kraft,对其进行了详细的形态结构观察和分子系统分析。结果表明:(1)藻体直立;成熟藻体高0.2—0.8m;呈红色或暗红褐色;藻体表面分布着密集的孔洞;皮层由2—3层圆形细胞组成;髓部由3—5层椭圆形薄壁细胞组成。(2)rbc L基因序列分析结果显示本研究的6个具孔斯帕林藻样本之间无碱基差异,与产自日本的样本无碱基差异,与美国和加拿大产的样本之间的碱基序列差异为1bp(0.98%);COI基因序列分析结果显示本研究的6个具孔斯帕林藻样本之间无碱基差异,与产自加拿大的样本之间无碱基差异。具孔斯帕林藻在我国海域首次发现为中国新纪录种,同时发现斯帕林藻属Sparlingia G.W.Saunders,I.W.Strachan et G.T.Kraft为中国新纪录属,认为海洋经济物种太平洋牡蛎和虾夷扇贝的引进、船舶压舱水以及海水的流动等是该种入侵的主要原因。 相似文献
6.
对2 组光倒刺鲃(Spinibarbus hollandi)杂交子一代(长江♀×北江♂子一代, 北江♀×长江♂子 一代)及其亲本(北江♀、♂, 长江♀、♂)的线粒体COI 基因序列进行了分析。在18 个样品中共检测到 8 个单倍型和35 个核苷酸多态位点。通过序列差异分析和遗传距离比较发现, 核苷酸序列同源性在 98.1%-99.9%之间, 遗传分化不明显。杂交子一代的5 个单倍型与其母本的2 个单倍型的核苷酸同 源性在99.4%-99.8%之间。而与父本的同源性分别为98.5%、98.2%、98.2%、98.4%、98.1%.实验 结果表明两种杂交子一代的线粒体 COI 基因严格遵循母性遗传规律。 相似文献
7.
Peter J. Smith Mike Page Sean J. Handley S. Margaret McVeagh Merrick Ekins 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(4):347-355
A colonial ascidian was first reported by marine farmers in Houhora Harbour, Northland, New Zealand in early 2005 and subsequently found on oyster racks in Parengarenga Harbour and the Bay of Islands. The Northland ascidian was identified with a combination of morphological characters and DNA cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) sequence data, as Eudistoma elongatum, a species native to Australia, where it is found from northern New South Wales to Northern Queensland, and distinguished from Eudistoma circumvallatum, the only reported species in this genus from New Zealand. Ascidian larvae are weak dispersers and long distance dispersal of E. elongatum is likely to be enhanced by vectors such as oyster barges and/or movement of cultured oysters. In its native range, E. elongatum is restricted to areas with a minimum winter sea temperature of 16°C. Assuming similar biological limitations apply in New Zealand, the spread of E. elongatum might be restricted to northern New Zealand (north of latitude 37°S). 相似文献
8.
6种帘蛤科贝类及4个地理种群文蛤线粒体COI基因片段序列分析 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
对文蛤(Meretrix meretrix L.,1758)、青蛤(Cyclina sinensis G.,1791)、硬壳蛤(Mercenaria mercenaria L.,1758)、江户布目蛤(Protothaca jedoensis L.,1874)、薄片镜蛤(Dosinia corrugata R.,1850)和菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum A.,1850)6种帘蛤科贝类和4个地理种群文蛤(大连、连云港、湛江、防城港)的细胞色素c氧化酶亚基I(COI)基因片段的核苷酸序列进行了分析,以探讨这一序列在种质鉴定、种群遗传结构和分子系统发生研究中的应用价值.测序结果表明,所有物种扩增片段长度均为709 bp,序列A+T含量(62.2%~67.6%)明显高于GC含量.物种间共有变异位点311个,其中简约信息位点202个;文蛤4个地理种群间共有变异位点46个,其中简约信息位点2个.此区段共编码235个氨基酸,种间共有氨基酸变异位点85个;文蛤种群间只有1个氨基酸变异位点.以COI基因片段序列为标记,用大竹蛏(Solen grandis)作外群,构建了帘蛤科贝类的系统发生树,其拓扑结构显示4个地理种群文蛤首先聚为1个单元,然后与青蛤聚在一起,最后所有帘蛤科物种聚为一枝,与外群相区别,其结果与传统形态分类基本一致,说明COI基因适合作为该科贝类种群遗传结构和系统发生研究的分子标记. 相似文献
9.
本研究以16S rRNA和细胞色素氧化酶I(Cytochrome oxidase subunit I,COI)基因片段序列为标记,以杂色角孔海胆(Salmacis sphaeroides)为外群,基于距离法(NJ)、最大简约法(MP)和最大似然法(ML)分别构建分子系统树,对刻肋海胆属(Temnopleu rus)进行了系统发育学研究.结果表明,哈氏刻肋海胆、细雕刻肋海胆、T.alexandri三者亲缘关系较近,芮氏刻肋海胆和T.michaelseni亲缘关系较近.两个基因片段的核苷酸替代速率顺序为COI＞ 16S rRNA.以3.49％/百万年的核苷酸分歧速率应用于5种海胆的COI基因片段,推断5种海胆分化事件主要发生在约500～590万年前,为中新世晚期(Late Miocene)或上新世早期(Early Pliocene). 相似文献
10.
Phylogeography of Ophryotrocha labronica (Polychaeta,Dorvilleidae) along the Italian coasts 
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下载免费PDF全文 Piero Cossu Ferruccio Maltagliati Federica G. Pannacciulli Roberto Simonini Gloria Massamba‐N'Siala Marco Casu Claudio Lardicci Daniela Prevedelli Alberto Castelli 《Marine Ecology》2015,36(4):1088-1097
Species of the genus Ophryotrocha are a well‐studied group of organisms but, despite the relatively large body of biological studies, little is known about their intra‐specific patterns of genetic diversity. In the present study, we analysed the patterns of genetic variation in samples of Ophryotrocha labronica (Polychaeta, Dorvilleidae) collected along the Italian coasts within three regions with different thermal regimes: the Northern Adriatic Sea (NAS), the Ligurian Sea (LS), and the South/Southeast Sicilian Sea (SS). A partial sequence of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene was used as a genetic marker. An analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed significant genetic differentiation between the NAS and the other regions. Conversely, little or no genetic structuring was found between the LS and the SS or amongst locations within a given region. A Bayesian phylogenetic tree and a median‐joining network provided evidence for the occurrence of two highly divergent genetic lineages characterized by a high average sequence divergence (17.2%, Kimura two‐parameter distance). The spatial patterns of genetic variation found in O. labronica may reflect the signature of past expansion events of the two genetic lineages. Although the high sequence divergence suggested that cryptic speciation within O. labronica may have occurred, other traits such as the absence of reproductive isolation, pattern of phenotypic variation and habitat specificity prompted us to regard the two groups as distinct COI lineages of O. labronica. 相似文献
11.
基于线粒体COI和16S rRNA基因的中国沿海相手蟹系统发育研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
相手蟹科的诸多种类因其形态极其相似成为方蟹总科分类中疑问较多的一个类群。通过对中国沿海相手蟹线粒体COI和16S rRNA基因序列进行分子系统发育分析，结果表明14种相手蟹COI和16S rRNA基因序列之间差异分别为5.7%～14.5%和1.5%～12.1%，均达到了种间差异水平。构建的系统发育树显示，14种相手蟹分别为独立有效物种，但分属于拟相手蟹属和近相手蟹属的4种拟相手蟹和3种近相手蟹，没有分别形成2个独立的支系，而是混合聚成一大支系。而属于螳臂相手蟹属的无齿螳臂相手蟹则首先与属于中相手蟹属的中华中相手蟹聚成一支，再与红螯螳臂相手蟹聚为一大支，表现出与形态分类的不一致。错综复杂的分子系统关系预示着相手蟹类为多系起源，也表明它们之间的种间关系乃至于属间关系尚有诸多问题有待进一步厘定。 相似文献
12.
John C. McCain 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(2):286-295
The New Zealand Caprellidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda) are reviewed. Only two species previously recognised from New Zealand, Caprella equilibra Say and Caprellina longicollis (Nicolet) are accepted. A new monospecific genus near to Protomima is described. 相似文献
13.
采用通用引物-PCR扩增法,测定了辽宁营口海蜇成体的部分16S基因序列578bp、部分COI基因序列633bp,以及黄海海域沙海蜇成体部分COI基因序列645bp、部分16S基因序列479bp.结果表明,海蜇个体间的16S序列只有一个变异位点,其余序列完全一致;COI序列共有4个变异位点,碱基之间只存在转换,没有颠换、插入或缺失的位点.沙海蜇个体间的COI序列碱基组成完全一致,16S序列碱基组成也完全一致.从辽宁盘锦和山东胶州所取的水母碟状体和稚水母的测序结果显示,COI序列与海蜇成体的差异为0.5%-0.6%,与沙海蜇成体的差异为18.9%-19.4%;16S序列与海蜇成体的差异为0.0%-0.2%,与沙海蜇成体的差异为13.1%-13.3%.以上结果表明,水母碟状体和稚水母都为海蜇而非沙海蜇.结合GenBank中已有的其它水母类COI基因同源序列信息,构建分子系统发育树.结果显示:轮环水母亚目(Kolpophorae)和指环水母亚目(Daktyliophorae)以及有肩板族(Scapulatae)和无肩板族(Inscapulatae)的分类划分,与传统分类一致.从分子水平上证明,在黄海海域采集的沙海蜇和在日本采集的越前水母的差异只处于种内水平,两者应为同物异名. 相似文献
14.
采用PCR方法，将扩增的产物直接测序，测定了孔石莼Ulva pertusa和浒苔Enteromorpha prolifeFa的5．8S rRNA基因序列，与肠浒苔、扁浒苔、缘管浒苔、礁膜、北极礁膜、袋礁膜和格氏礁膜等7种已知的大型海洋绿藻的同一基因序列合并进行比较，分析了核苷酸序列差异和碱基替换特点，并构建系统发生树。结果表明，浒苔和孔石莼的颠换率为0．690％，小于浒苔与肠浒苔、扁浒苔、缘管浒苔的颠换率；且浒苔与孔石莼之间的Kimura双参数距离也小于浒苔与肠浒苔、扁浒苔以及缘管浒苔之间的平均Kimura双参数距离。相对于浒苔属的其他物种，浒苔与孔石莼的亲缘关系更近。在构建的系统发生树中，缘管浒苔与孔石莼聚为一类，表现出与石莼属物种更近的亲缘关系。 相似文献
15.
三疣梭子蟹线粒体DNA 16S rRNA和COI基因片段序列的比较研究 总被引：19，自引：2，他引：19
本文采用 PCR扩增和序列测定等技术 ,对三疣梭子蟹 (Portunustrituberculatus)线粒体DNA1 6Sr RNA和 COI基因片段进行了初步研究。经 PCR扩增和序列测定 ,分别得到 1 6Sr RNA和 COI2个基因片段的碱基序列 ,其中 1 6Sr RNA基因片段的大小为 566bp,碱基 A,T,G,C的含量分别为 35.1 6% ,34.45% ,1 2 .37%和 1 8.0 2 % ;COI基因片段的大小为 658bp,碱基 A,T,G,C的含量分别为 36.63% ,2 6.44% ,2 0 .52 %和 1 6.41 %。在 2种基因片段中 ,AT含量均明显高于 GC含量 ,这与果蝇、虾类、蟹类等无脊椎动物的 1 6Sr RNA和 COI基因片段研究结果相似。通过对三疣梭子蟹 1 6S r RNA和 COI2个基因片段遗传特征的研究 ,发现其种内变异较低 ,在 3个样本中 1 6Sr RNA基因片段序列完全一样 ,COI基因片段中也只有 2个 T/ C位点转换。另外 ,比较本研究所得序列与 Gen Bank中梭子蟹科 5个属的 1 6Sr RNA基因片段序列后 ,发现其聚类结果与传统分类相一致。 相似文献
16.
Mitochondrial DNA sequences were used to identify an invasive swimming crab found in Waitemata Harbour, New Zealand. A 457 base sequence of the cytochrome oxidase 1 gene was compared in New Zealand specimens and nine species of Charybdis from Australia and Asia. The New Zealand specimens aligned with C. japonica. The diagnostic morphological characters of C. japonica were also checked in 54 specimens of the species collected in Waitemata Harbour, and concur with the mtDNA result. This is the first record of C. japonica establishing populations outside its native range. C. japonica, along with C. hellerii and the Lessepsian migrant C. longicollis, are the only known invasive species of Charybdis. C. japonica and C. hellerii are two of the few Charybdis species that inhabit the intertidal zone, and it is likely that the intertidal characteristics of these species contribute to their success as invasive species. 相似文献
17.
Marthasterias glacialis are found in the cool-temperate waters of the north-eastern Atlantic Ocean, in the subtropical waters of the Mediterranean Sea and along the south-western tip of Africa. The South African Marthasterias population includes two morphotypes, a smooth, spineless rarispina form and a spiny africana form, that have been described as separate species, subspecies, or forma by various authors over the past century. To test whether these two morphotypes represent separate species, and whether either, or both, are conspecific with the North-East Atlantic species, 78 Marthasterias were collected from the Cape Peninsula of South Africa. Morphological comparisons between individuals of the two forms showed no significant clustering of samples, indicating that there is no morphological separation of the two South African forms into distinct groupings. The africana and rarispina forms were also shown to be genetically indistinguishable, using a fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene and the nuclear internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1). In addition, the COI sequences were also compared to those from European specimens, and phylogenetic reconstruction and intra- and interspecific levels of divergence suggested that the South African specimens form a single group that is genetically distinct from the European M. glacialis. Although the allopatric distribution, high genetic divergence (more than 3% for the COI fragment) and morphological differences suggest that the South African form should be raised to species status under the name Marthasterias africana, further work must assess an independent genetic marker (nuclear) to support raising the COI clade to species level. True M. glacialis have a spine-armament pattern of a series of three or more regular spine rows down the length of each arm, whereas M. africana are either covered in many irregularly spaced spines, or have an extraordinarily bare surface with only two spine rows per arm. Marthasterias africana may also have an actinal spine simulating the presence of a third inferomarginal spine. This work tentatively resolves the taxonomic dispute, elucidates the separation and amalgamation of the two African forms and suggests a single, uniquely South African Marthasterias species that might be distinct from the north Atlantic M. glacialis, although further analyses to test reproductive isolation between the North-East Atlantic and South African forms are required. 相似文献
18.
为探讨DNA条形码基因COⅠ序列在石鲈亚科鱼类物种鉴定的有效性,本研究分析了印度-太平洋区域的石鲈亚科7个属29种鱼类9个个体长度为651 bp的COⅠ基因序列,利用MEGA 5.0计算石鲈亚科种内与种间的遗传距离,并基于最大简约法与最大似然法构建了其分子系统进化关系。结果显示:石鲈亚科鱼类种间遗传距离在0.021—0.240之间,平均遗传距离0.184;种内遗传距离在0.000—0.009之间,平均0.004。其中种间平均遗传距离(0.184)显著大于种内平均遗传距离(0.004),种间遗传距离是种内的46倍。同时,各物种间遗传距离均大于Hebert推荐区分物种的最小种间遗传距离0.02(2%)。基于COⅠ序列构建的系统进化树,同一物种不同个体间均能聚成独立的单系,表明COⅠ基因可作为石鲈亚科物种准确鉴定的有效条形码基因。同时,系统进化树上,石鲈属是非单系类群,主要形成5个分支,而不同分支的种类与其地理分布存在一定的相关性,与近年部分分子系统地理学的研究观点一致。 相似文献
19.
ABSTRACT The genus Xenostrobus consists of small, marine and estuarine mussels that all appear similar externally. One of its estuarine species, Xenostrobus securis, with a native range in New Zealand and Australia, has become invasive in the Northern Hemisphere. No genetic data are available to determine if X. securis populations from the two countries are conspecific. Additionally, marine Xenostrobus from New Zealand have often been regarded as a species, X. neozelanicus, distinct fromthe marine Australian species X. pulex. We combined new DNA sequences with published data to assess the taxonomic status of New Zealand Xenostrobus. The data comprised 658 aligned bases of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene and 331 bases of nuclear histone H3. There was no evidence that X. securis populations from Australia and New Zealand are specifically distinct. Northern Hemisphere specimens of X. securis belonged to Australian, not New Zealand, clades in phylogenetic analyses of COI data, suggesting the former country as their more likely original source. The results confirm that X. neozelanicus and X. pulex are distinct species and for nomenclatural completeness for this taxonomic decision a lectotype is designated for Mytilus ater Zelebor in Dunker and Zelebor, 1866 [?=?Modiolus neozelanicus Iredale, 1915]. 相似文献
20.
Nine genera and species of rhizocephalans were recorded from the off‐shore waters around New Zealand. Mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences were used to examine base differences between the European and New Zealand species of Parthenopea. Serial sections to study the internal structures of the reproductive organs were made for the genera Thylacoplethus and Thompsonia. Two species, Parthenopea australis n. sp. and Thylacoplethus novaezealandiae n. sp. are new to science and described in detail. Parthenopea australis n. sp. is the first rhizocephalan species recorded from the vicinity of active cold seeps. Three rhizocephalans could not be identified as they were parasitised by hyperparasitic cryptoniscine isopods. The decapodhost species comprised the taxa Paguridae, Lithodidae, Galatheidae, Chirostylidae, and Callianassidae. 相似文献