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1.
鮸状黄姑鱼早期发育阶段的摄食与生长特性 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
1997年4－5月,在集美大学水产学院海水育苗试验场,采用生态学方法对人工培育的状黄姑鱼仔、稚、幼鱼的援食和生长特性进行分析。结果表明,在人工培育条件下,仔、稚、幼鱼的摄食率达97.9％,摄食量占体重的1．4％－23．4％,日摄食量占体重的36．47％－6519％;摄食具明显的昼夜节律,黄昏和早晨为摄食高峰;对较大个体的饵料生物有明显的选择性;饵料密度对摄食量有一定影响。摄食量与体重的关系式为y=0.1327x＋0．5613,全长与日龄的关系式为LT=2.5799eg.g516D,体重与日龄的回归方程为W=0．0537e‘.1786D,全长与体重的回归方程为W＝0．0042L。 相似文献
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浅色黄姑鱼早期发育阶段的摄食习性与生长特性 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
2003年5—6月和2004年4—5月在集美大学水产学院水产试验场,对人工培育的浅色黄姑鱼Nibea chuiTrewavas早期发育阶段的摄食和生长特性进行观察与分析。结果表明,仔、稚、幼鱼的摄食率高达96.9%,摄食量占体重的2.9%—24.4%,摄食具有明显昼夜节律,早晨和黄昏为摄食高峰。摄食量与体重的关系式为y=0.052 7e0.671 5x(r=0.951 9),全长与日龄的关系式为LT=0.011 5D2-0.212D 3.536 7(r=0.952 9),体重与日龄的回归方程为W=0.048e0.130 9D(r=0.965 0),全长与体重的回归方程为W=-0.265 5L2T 2.735 2LT 2.5415(r=0.953 9)。 相似文献
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对采自广西红水河都安红渡镇河段的8个批次共289尾巴马繐唇鲃样本进行了生物学测定分析.结果表明:巴马繐唇鲃渔获物以1～2龄鱼为主,捕捞群体呈低龄化;体长(L)与鳞径(R)呈线性关系:L=1.782 4 67.67R;体长与体重的关系式为W=0.033 4L2.830 2,其生长规律用von Bertalanffy方程表示为Lt=16.477 7[1-e-0.219 0(t 1.177 2)]和Wt=92.696 3[1-e-0.219 0(t 1.177 2)]2.830 2;生长拐点年龄为3.57龄,此时的体长和体重分别为10.65 cm和25.04 g.生长速度和加速度曲线能反映其生长规律.建议实施巴马繐唇鲃资源保护,以维持其渔业可持续发展. 相似文献
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2002年5~6月,在集美大学水产学院水产试验场,采用生态学方法对人工培育的双棘黄姑鱼(Nibeadiacanthus(Lacpde))仔、稚、幼鱼的摄食习性与生长特性进行分析。结果表明,在人工培育条件下,双刺黄姑鱼仔、稚、幼鱼的摄食率达93.1%,摄食量占体质量的4.09%~21.07%,日摄食量占体质量的23.67%~57.24%;摄食具明显的昼夜节律,黄昏为摄食高峰。摄食量与体质量的关系式为y=0.1267x0.7878,全长与日龄的关系式为L=1.8603e0.0723D,体质量与日龄的回归方程为M=0.0203e0.2484D。全长与体质量的回归方程为M=0.0024L3.4633。 相似文献
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《应用海洋学学报》2015,(3)
于2013年5~7月对人工培育的云纹石斑鱼(Epinephelus moara)仔、稚鱼的摄食习性与生长特性进行了研究.在水温为(26.7±1.3)℃的培育条件下,云纹石斑鱼仔、稚鱼摄食能力强;仔鱼4日龄开口,摄食率为40.00%;仔、稚鱼平均摄食率为97.63%,且13日龄之后的平均饱食个体比例为92.25%,摄食量(y)与体重(W)的关系可用二项式方程y=0.000 1W2+0.055 9W-0.629 8表达;云纹石斑鱼仔鱼、稚鱼在白天均出现两个摄食高峰,夜间基本不摄食,为白天摄食类型,并可以初步确定以鱼体重的10%~20%和8%~10%分别作为云纹石斑鱼仔鱼和稚鱼的日投喂量.全长(Lt)与日龄(D)的回归方程为Lt=0.008 8D2+0.162 2D+1.114 5,体重(Wt)与日龄(D)的回归方程为Wt=0.366 0D2-11.361D+59.022 3,全长(Lt)与体重(Wt)的回归方程为Wt=0.011 7Lt3.017 8,b=3.017 8约等于3,表明云纹石斑鱼仔、稚鱼为均匀生长类型. 相似文献
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兴凯湖翘嘴鲌(Culter albarnus)的生长特性 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
采用经典的VonBertalanffy生长方程和数理统计的方法 ,于 2 0 0 1— 2 0 0 2年在中俄界湖兴凯湖采集翘嘴 ,对其生长特性进行了研究。结果表明 ,翘嘴体长和体重的关系为W =0 .0 0 77L3.1 (r=0 .9881 ) ,VonBertalanffy生长方程为Lt=1 5 3.2 [1 -e- 0 .0 5(t+1 ) ];Wt=42 0 0 0 .3×[1 -e- 0 .0 6(t+1 ) ]3.1 ,体重生长拐点t=1 7.6龄 ,相应的体长为 95 .3cm ,体重为 1 2 70 6.6g。按生长指标值分析 ,阶段生长可划分为两个时期 ,即 1 7.6龄前的生长迅速期和 1 7.6龄后的生长减缓期。因此 ,为了保护翘嘴鱼类资源 ,天然渔业的捕捞个体规格应控制在 5 0 0 0g以上。 相似文献
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花鲈仔、稚、幼鱼摄食习性与生长的研究 总被引：39，自引：3，他引：36
分析了花鲈仔、稚、幼鱼的摄食习性与生长.结果表明,在水温为15.5～16.5℃时,花妒仔鱼孵出约140h左右开口摄食,开口饵料为小型臂尾轮虫.全长10mm左右的仔鱼可摄食卤虫幼体,全长11mm左右的个体可摄食枝角类.对431尾仔、稚、幼鱼观察结果,在实验条件下其摄食率高达99.1%,胃饱满系数波动于2.38%～16.48%之间,日摄食指数在45%～60%.其摄食强度具明显的昼夜节律,以16:00～20:00胃饱满度最高.仔、稚鱼夜间基本不摄食,部分幼鱼个体少量摄食.仔、稚、幼鱼个体间生长速度具有一定的差异性.其体重与摄食量的关系符合直线方程y=0.1018+8.3261×10-2x;全长与体重的相关关系可用ω=1.6473×10-3L3.4743表示,全长与日龄的关系式为Lt=5.5242e1.9681×10-2D;体重与日龄的回归方程为ω=0.5836e6.9208×10-2D. 相似文献
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北部湾长尾大眼鲷生长和死亡参数估计 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
根据20世纪60年代及90年代的生物学资料，本文运用体长频率分析法估算长尾大眼鲷的生长和死亡参数。Von Bertalanffy生长方程的主要参数L∞=29．4cm，K=0．65．τo=-0．42；体重的生长拐点为1．27龄；瞬时总死亡率(Z)、瞬时自然死亡率(M)和瞬时捕捞死亡率(F)分别为3．72，1．19和2．53。当前开发率为0．68。资源处于过度利用状态。 相似文献
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Derek V. Ellis 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):51-63
This article reviews information recently available from existing marine and coastal mining for responses to environmental issues affecting marine mining at different depths. It is particularly but not exclusively concerned with those issues affecting seabed biodiversity impact and recovery. Much information has been gathered in the past 10 years from shallow mining operations for construction aggregate, diamonds, and gold, from coastal mines discharging tailings to shallow and deep water, and from experimental deep mining tests. The responses to issues identified are summarized in a series of eight tables intended to facilitate site-specific consideration. Since impacts can spread widely in the surface mixing layer SML, and can affect the biologically productive euphotic zone, the main issues considered arise from the depth of mining relative to the SML of the sea. Where mining is below the SML, the issue is whether it is environmentally better to bring the extraction products to the surface vessel for processing (and waste discharge), or to process the extraction products as much as possible on the seabed. Responses to the issues need to be sitespecific, and dependent on adequate preoperational environmental impact and recovery prediction. For deep tailings disposal from a surface vessel, there are four important environmental unknowns: (1) the possible growth of "marine snow" (bacterial flocs) utilizing the enormous quantities of fine tailings particles (hundreds or thousands of metric tons per day) as nuclei for growth, (2) the possibility that local keystone plankton and nekton species may migrate diurnally down to and beyond the depth of deep discharge and hence be subjected to tailings impact at depth, (3) the burrow-up capability of deep benthos and their ability to survive high rates of tailings deposition, and (4) the pattern and rate of dispersion of a tailings density current through the deep water column from discharge point to seabed. Actions to obtain relevant information in general and site-specifically are suggested. 相似文献
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G. Parthiban 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):223-235
Particle fluxes were measured 7 m above the sea bottom during the predisturbance, disturbance, and postdisturbance periods by using time series sediment traps attached to seven deep-sea moorings deployed in the INDEX experiment site in the Central Indian Basin. The predisturbance particle fluxes varied between 22.3 to 55.1 mg m -2 day -1 . Increased and variable particle fluxes were recorded by the sediment traps during the disturbance period. The increase observed was 0.5 to 4 times more than the background predisturbance fluxes. The increases in particle fluxes (~4 times) recorded by the sediment trap located in the southwestern direction (DMS-1) were the greatest, which could be the result of preferential movement of resuspended particles generated during the deep-sea benthic disturbance along the general current direction prevailing in this area during the experimental period. Also, the traps located closer to the disturbance area recorded greater fluxes than did the traps far away, across the Deep Sea Sediment Resuspension System path. This variability in recorded particle fluxes by the traps around the disturbance area clearly indicates that physical characteristics such as grain size and density of the resuspended particles produced during the disturbance had an important effect on particle movement. The postdisturbance measurements during ~5 days showed a reduction in particle fluxes of ~50%, indicating rapid particle settlement. 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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The advanced piston corer (APC) has been used by the Ocean Drilling Program since 1985 for recovering soft sediments from the ocean floor. The pullout force measured on extracting the core barrel from the sediment is shown to correlate with the average shear strength of the sediment core measured in the ship's laboratory. A simple rule of thumb is derived relating the shear strength of the sediment to the pullout force. Multiple APC holes at individual sites allow the consistency of the pullout measurements to be assessed. The effects of different operational procedures during APC coring are also explored. Although generally applicable, the correlation between pullout force and laboratory measurements of shear strength breaks down for some APC holes, possibly because of the disturbance of some sediment types during the APC coring process. A better understanding of the physical process of APC coring, and its effect on the properties of the sediment both inside and immediately outside the core barrel, would indicate what confidence can be put on the measurement of pullout force as a way of evaluating the in situ shear strength of deep sea sediments. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(11):161-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献