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空间信息移动用户应用服务系统中的GIS关键技术介绍 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
探讨了空间信息移动用户应用服务的产生背景。提出一种基于MAS体系结构的整体解决方案．并探讨了在实现该方案过程中研究的GIS技术与方法,并对空间信息移动用户的服务对GIS发展的影响及趋势进行了展望。在基于MAS体系结构的空间信息移动用户整体解决方案中,从技术产生背景出发,重点介绍了空间信息智能体个体结构与组成,MAS协同服务等理论、方法,并简单阐述了空间信息智能体管理、维护与更新的想法。文章中对GIS关键技术的研究与实现从海量空间信息的检索与智能提取;异种GIS平台间互操作理论、算法、技术、原型;面向2．5G以上通用移动设备（GPRS／CDMA）开发GIS Wap Service;基于SMPP与CMPP通信模块,GSM通用移动用户的语音／短消息上下行;基于Spatial—Info Agent与MAS体系的开放式空间信息服务系统技术集成等5个方面进行了介绍。 相似文献
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现代社会大型复杂建设工程越来越多,室内3D GIS应用需求旺盛,但海量室内3D数据的缺乏成为室内GIS应用瓶颈。建筑信息模型(Building Information Models,BIM)提供丰富的建筑空间几何和语义信息,可为GIS所用。BIM与GIS数据集成技术成为国内外研究热点。本文从GIS应用的角度出发,通过分析BIM与GIS在数据标准和几何、语义表达方面的差异,提出BIM与SuperMap GIS 8C软件的数据集成技术,并实现了BIM在SuperMap GIS中的高性能空间分析与可视化。本文的研究有助于扩展SuperMap GIS的应用领域至室内空间,实现室外到室内、城市宏观到建筑微观的一体化应用,满足大型复杂室内场所的应急救援、导航与位置服务需求,服务于智慧城市建设。 相似文献
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在室内应急疏散的背景下,理解人们如何感知应急疏散标识以及他们的感知如何影响疏散行为十分重要。虚拟地理环境基于虚拟现实（VR）技术构建的沉浸式多维信息空间,是一个符合人类感知认知规律的三维、动态、可交互空间。而基于虚拟地理环境的虚拟地理感知/认知实验,则可以提供一个可定量观测的可控虚拟实验环境,通过设计多种实验方案,定量地获取与空间感知、认知行为相关的客观实验数据。本文将沉浸式虚拟环境与眼动追踪技术相结合,设计了VR眼动感知实验,以室内通道为例,采用定量观测、数据统计、可视化分析等方法,对不同虚拟火灾逃生场景下的疏散时间、眼动注视点、个体移动轨迹数据进行了处理与分析,最后对室内应急疏散标识布局进行评估并提出合理建议。实验结果表明：① 女性参与者比男性更容易被逃生起始位置干扰,拥有较差的虚拟空间感;② 3种场景类型（无标识无烟雾、有标识无烟雾、有标识有烟雾）在疏散时间之间存在明显差异,应急标识、烟雾与逃生起始位置对疏散时间有显著性影响;③ 通道墙贴标识的感知率最高为0.929,在火灾逃生中最容易被识别;④ 安全出口标识感知率最低为0.333,眼动注视点大多在安全门而非安全出口标识上,因此需要提升安全出口标识的视觉吸引力;⑤ 室内通道微观环境的不同（例如通道长度）对应急标识注视时长的变化有较大影响;⑥ 安全出口附近的标识布局、设计有待改进。虚拟眼动感知实验为评估室内应急疏散标识的合理性和布局优化提供了一个有效的科学途径。 相似文献
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2019年12月湖北省武汉市出现了新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情。新型冠状病毒传播力强,导致全国甚至全世界范围都出现新型冠状病毒疫情。为了刻画新型冠状病毒在城市内部的传播方式,本文基于个体在城市中的行为和社会关系,融合了复杂网络理论和GIS技术构建了新型冠状病毒智能体仿真模型。该模型以广州市为研究对象,通过马尔科夫链蒙特卡洛方法拟合参数,实现了对广州市疫情的准确回顾。结果表明,模型精度良好,其中MAPE为0.17。智能体模型具有良好的适用性。因此可以模拟境外输入病例对城市疫情发展的影响。智能体模型标记了个体的时空位置和社会关系,因此本文还提出一种通过智能体模型进行流行病学调查的方式,该方式相较于传统流行病调查更加便捷,效率更高。然后根据模拟分析结果,为城市防控疫情提供有价值的决策信息。最后建议市民,如果城市再次暴发疫情,不必恐慌,疫情会在14~20 d被控制,但是要提高自我防护意识,做好自我保护。 相似文献
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应急疏散是救灾工作的重要环节,合理的路径规划能有效缩短疏散时间,减少人员伤亡.本文以疏散总时间最短为目标,考虑需求控制,容量限制,交通延误,公平分配和资源节约等约束条件,对经典Dijkstra算法进行改进;并采用混合拆分疏散方法,构建洪灾避难应急疏散路径规划模型.运用C#语言编写算法,求解最佳路径,基于自主开发的应急疏散分析工具MiniGIS,对规划路径进行动态模拟,依据反馈逐次优化算法.结果表明:理想算法,延时-改进算法,逆行-改进算法均能为县域尺度的洪灾避难疏散路径选择提供参考,但理想算法适用于组织简单,高度有序的疏散情景,延时-改进算法考虑了除交通拥堵之外的延误,与真实情况更为接近,逆行-改进算法避免了因中途路径调整而出现的"回头路",在时间最短次优的条件下,更有利于疏散过程管理与资源节约,其结果被认为是此次应急疏散路径规划的最优解. 相似文献
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基于Skyline的三维地理信息系统应用的实践 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
随着计算机技术和三维数据获取技术、海量数据动态可视化技术的迅速发展,三维GIS逐步从视觉表现的应用范畴走向专题应用.由于三维GIS具有多维信息处理、表达和分析的特点,在政府决策辅助、国土资源分析、城市应急反应、虚拟旅游、智能交通、城市规划与设计、电子商务、地下管线等方面有着十分广阔的领域,特别是在空间信息的社会化服务中,基于三维GIS的应用都有着越来越明显的优越性和不可替代性.本文就基于Skyline的三维地理信息系统建设中的技术路线、系统功能、数据库设计,数据获取、管理、可视化及分析技术方面进行一些初步实践. 相似文献
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洪水溃坝等复杂灾害现象的时空过程模拟分析,是当前国际地理信息科学热点研究方向之一。随着网络的普及化,公众对GIS时空分析模型的网络实时集成和可视化分析提出了迫切的需求。本文以溃坝洪水为例开展了时空过程网络可视化模拟与分析服务研究,利用Web GL、HTML5、Ajax、Web Service、GPU并行计算等技术手段,通过探讨溃坝洪水时空模型计算优化、网络三维可视化模拟与动态交互分析等关键技术,研发了原型系统并进行应用实验。实验结果表明,本文研究成果有助于实现时空过程信息的网络发布,在线影响分析及动态可视化服务,可为分布式网络环境下溃坝洪水等时空过程信息管理和应急决策提供科学依据和技术支持。 相似文献
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为有效应对电网分析决策面临数据量大、决策复杂、技术手段匮乏的局面,文中设计并实现了一种基于平台化设计、具备可视化及多维度智能分析决策支持功能的基于电网 GIS 的多维度智能分析决策平台。该平台与地理信息系统(GIS)密切融合,具备多源数据资源协同管理、电网可视化图形建模、电网仿真模拟,多维度智能分析、辅助决策、项目管理等功能。本文介绍的基于电网 GIS 的多维度智能分析决策平台建成了覆盖整个电网生命周期的一体化平台,具有电网分析可视化、决策智能化的特征,可对电网相关工作提供辅助决策支持。平台的设计与开发立足于项目实践,软件成果在全国多地电网相关部门得到实际应用,验证了文中的设计思路和实现方法。 相似文献
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网格GIS中的GML语言技术与设计框架 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8
基于网格技术的地理信息系统的研究与开发 ,将改变传统 GIS系统的应用模式与计算能力 ,使 GIS转变为以服务为中心 ,提供一体化的空间信息应用服务的智能化信息平台。而 Grid GML(Grid Geographic Markup L an-guage)将是网格 GIS的交流与对话语言 ,为网格 GIS的中间件之间、智能体之间、系统之间及系统内部的空间信息传输、存储与通信等提供了可能。本文在 XML 技术、网格体系结构技术及 OGC的 GML3标准的基础上对Grid GML 进行了详细的分析与设计。 相似文献
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Based on the hydrographic data in austral summer during the 22nd Antarctic Expedition of China(2005/2006),some features can be found about the northern margin of Emery ice shelf as follows.The heat content in the surface layer(0-50 m) at the eastern end and the western end of the ice-shelf margin is much higher than that at the middle.The upper mixing-layer depth and the seasonal thermocline depth at the middle of the ice-shelf northern margin are much shallower than those at the both ends.However there is much less difference between the middle and the ends in the bottom layer.The remote sensing photos show that the inhomogeneity in the surface-layer water is closely related to the spatial distribution of the floes and polynia in the area. 相似文献
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Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA of 8 strains of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice was studied.The results showed that strain BJ1 belonged to genus Planococcus,which was a genus of low mole percent G C gram-positive bacteria;strain BJ6 belonged to genus Burkholderia of β-proteobacteria and the rest 6 strain all belonged to γ-proteobacteria,of which strain BJ8 was a species of Pseudoalteromonas,strain BJ2-BJ5 and BJ7 were members of genus Psychrobacter.Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that bacteria of genus Psychrobacter of the isolates formed a relatively independent phylogenetic cluster in comparison with other bacteria belonged to genus Psychrobacter. 相似文献
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《极地研究(英文版)》2014,(3)
正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprchensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose is to publish achievements in fundamental research,applied 相似文献
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《山地科学学报》2014,(4):I0004-I0009
<正>AIMS AND SCOPE(Editorial Policy)The Journal of Mountain Science(JMS)is devoted to mountains and their surrounding lowlands-ecoregions of particular global importance,with a particular emphasis on the important highlands/mountains in the world,such as the Tibetan Plateau,the Himalayas,the Alps,the Andes,the Rockies and many other mountain ranges of our planet. 相似文献
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《山地科学学报》2014,(4)
<正>The Journal of Mountain Science(JMS),founded in2004,is an international English-language journal on mountain sciences.JMS is supervised by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),sponsored by the Chengdu Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,CAS,published by Science Press China,and distributed by Springer exclusively throughout the world(excluding Mainland China).The JMS is published bimonthly,fulltexted in SpringerLink and CNKI,indexed/abstracted by 相似文献
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Livestock behaviour in the Pyrenees includes free grazing and a long resting period that provokes the accumulation of dung and urine in some places,so-called camping areas. The aims of this study were （i） to analyze any change in floral composition,and in nutritional and chemical contents of plants in a livestock camping area; and （ii） to relate the floral composition with soil chemical properties. In a linear transect,five sampling zones were established,from the centre of the camping area to the surrounding Nardus stricta-dominant pasture. The above ground plant biomass and the topsoil were sampled in each zone with 6 replicates per zone. Plant species were classified and weighed to calculate above ground biomass,nutritional and chemical contents,and Shannon diversity and evenness indices. Additionally,soils were sampled in two periods,at the beginning and at the end of grazing period. Soil available nutrients （nitrate,ammonium,phosphorus,potassium,calcium and magnesium）,total nitrogen,organic carbon and pH were measured.
Plant chemical contents （protein,lignin and others） were significantly related to the proportions of grasses,legumes and other plants; so,the protein content is positively correlated with legumes plant biomass while lignin content is negatively correlated with grasses. Both plant and soil nutrients increased linearly towards the centre of the camping area. However,the relationship among plant species richness,diversity and evenness relative to its position along the studied transect was bell-shaped. From the outskirts to the centre of the camping area,plants with low nutrient demand were progressively replaced by those with medium and high nutrients demand and by pioneers.
Nardus stricta-dominant pasture has low plant diversity and plant nutrient content as well as a poor soil nutrient availability. The presence of the camping area introduced patches with more soil nutrients and new species in the large spatial scale. However at a small spatial scale,the strong soil nutrien 相似文献
Plant chemical contents （protein,lignin and others） were significantly related to the proportions of grasses,legumes and other plants; so,the protein content is positively correlated with legumes plant biomass while lignin content is negatively correlated with grasses. Both plant and soil nutrients increased linearly towards the centre of the camping area. However,the relationship among plant species richness,diversity and evenness relative to its position along the studied transect was bell-shaped. From the outskirts to the centre of the camping area,plants with low nutrient demand were progressively replaced by those with medium and high nutrients demand and by pioneers.
Nardus stricta-dominant pasture has low plant diversity and plant nutrient content as well as a poor soil nutrient availability. The presence of the camping area introduced patches with more soil nutrients and new species in the large spatial scale. However at a small spatial scale,the strong soil nutrien 相似文献
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The ability of cell to modulate the fluidity of plasma membrane was crucial to the survival of microorganism at low temperature. Plasma membrane proteins, fatty acids and carotenoids profiles of Antarctic psychrophilc yeast Rhodotorula sp. NJ298 were investigated at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. The results showed that plasma membrane protein content was greater at -3 ℃ than that at 8 ℃, and a unique membrane polypeptide composition with an apparent molecular mass of 94.7 kDa was newly synthesized with SDS-PAGE analysis; GC analysis showed that the main changes of fatty acids were the percentage of unsaturated fatty acids (C18∶ 1 and C18∶ 2) and shorter chain saturated fatty acid (C10∶ 0) increased along with the decrease of the culture temperature from 8 ℃ to -3 ℃; HPLC analysis indicated that astaxanthin was the major functional carotenoids of the plasma membrane, percentage of which increased from 54.6±1.5% at 8 ℃ to 81.9±2.1% at -3 ℃. However the fluidity of plasma membrane which was determined by measuring fluorescence anisotropy was similar at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. Hence these changes in plasma membrane's characteristics were involved in the cellular cold-adaptation by which NJ298 could maintain normal plasma membrane fluidity at near-freezing temperature. 相似文献
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《极地研究(英文版)》2014,(4)
正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprehensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose 相似文献