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1.
通过分析罗斯海15个表层沉积物中甘油双烷基甘油四醚(Glycerol Dialkyl Glycerol Tetraethers,GDGTs)的含量与分布,探讨了各种GDGTs来源及TEX86指标的环境意义。结果表明:表层沉积物中GDGTs总含量为93.67~2 663.37 ng/g,其中类异戊二烯GDGTs(IsoGDGTs)占90.33%~98.56%,远高于支链GDGTs(BrGDGTs)。类异戊二烯GDGTs与支链GDGTs具有显著的耦合关系(R2=0.88,p<0.01)。沉积物中的IsoGDGTs主要来源于海洋奇古菌,BrGDGTs主要由海洋水体和沉积物中原位细菌所产生。应用TEXL86公式估算研究区SST,与WOA夏季表层温度呈现较好的线性关系,表明TEXL86指标在罗斯海具有适用性,可作为重建古海洋温度的替代指标。 相似文献
2.
用三维陆架海模式(HAMSOM)对浙江近海的潮汐、潮流进行了数值模拟,并采用网格嵌套和动边界技术对原模式作了改进,以提高计算的精度,改进后的模式在浙江近海的应用中被证明是成功的.沿岸50个潮位站计算与实测值的比较表明,加入动边界以后的小区域细网格计算较之粗网格以及未加动边界以前精度普遍提高,比较的均方差结果为:M2分潮振幅差4.6cm,相角差7.14°;S2分潮振幅差5.0cm,相角差5.4°;K1分潮振幅差2.25cm,相角差5.76°;O1分潮振幅差1.56cm,相角差5.5°,可见计算与实测符合良好.另外,选取了105个实测潮流点,比较了表层M2和K1分潮流调和常数分量Ucosξ,Usinξ,Vcosη,Vsinη的实测值与计算值的偏差,结果表明计算与实测的符合程度较好.在此基础上,给出了各主要分潮的潮位同潮图、潮流同潮图、潮汐性质、潮流性质、潮流椭圆和潮流的运动形式等,发现4个主要分潮M2,S2,K1,O1在本区内均未出现无潮点;M2分潮流在29°18'N,122°46'E处有一个圆流点.此外还得到了一些有意义的结论,都与实测情况符合良好,从而对整个浙江沿海区域的潮汐潮流特性有了一个全面认识. 相似文献
3.
利用天津WRF中尺度数值预报业务模式,对2013年11月24—25日一次爆发性气旋过程进行数值模拟,模拟方案分别为:控制实验(ctrl)、将整体黄渤海下垫面变为陆地实验(land)、将122°E以西的渤海海洋下垫面变为陆地实验(land-122)、将122°E以东到黄海中部的海洋下垫面变为陆地实验(land+122)。结果表明:将黄渤海海域全部转换成陆地后,气旋中心海平面气压场最大值升高5 hPa。10 m风场减弱最大值出现在气旋中心,可达19 m/s,下垫面对气旋的影响主要在强度和风力大小的变化。黄海海域风力减小普遍超过10 m/s。将122°E西部的渤海转换成陆地后,渤海海域风速最大值减小了12 m/s。黄海海域的气旋中心部分风力有微弱变化,气旋中心风力稍有增大,最大增加了4 m/s。将122°E东部的黄海转换成陆地后,海平面气压场的变化与land实验接近,10 m风场在黄海南部风力略高于land实验。 相似文献
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本文从不可压缩流体连续方程出发,提出一种确定近海内潮波的方向和速度的方法,并根据单站的海流计阵列及测温链的测量进行了检验。本文限于潮流占主导的近海水域,在强温度层结条件下展开讨论,将海洋分为上、下等温层,层间以其平衡位置位于温跃层中央处的等温线为界,得出下、上层全流平均值的差Δu、Δv,基于潮波是透底长波,Δu、Δv中应不再含潮流成分,WT(z)取一级近似和内潮波按波包处理,得出内潮波引起的切变效应与等温线起伏之间的统计关系式AΔuI+BΔvI=ζ,波向及波速,由φⅠ=arctgA/B,cⅠ=H1H2÷(H(A2+B2)1/2)求得,经L3站两次实测证明:单站测量确定内潮波是可行的,所算出的φⅠ与Slick走向大体一致。 相似文献
6.
基于普林斯顿海洋模式,通过干湿网格判别法引入潮汐潮流的漫滩过程,考虑M2,S2,K1,O1,M4和MS4六个主要分潮,建立了胶州湾潮汐潮流数值模拟和预报模型,研究了该海域潮汐潮流特征,并讨论了漫滩对潮流模拟的影响。与实测资料的对比验证表明,该模式能够对胶州湾的潮汐和潮流做出较为合理的预测。给出了胶州湾潮汐、潮流、余流等分布特征,模拟的潮流场以及余流场涡旋等现象与观测符合良好;计算了潮波能通量,从能量角度探讨了潮波的传播特性;对潮位与潮流场演变规律,以及潮能通量的分析表明,胶州湾内的潮波以驻波为主。通过数值试验发现,漫滩过程的引入对胶州湾潮流速度的模拟至关重要,不考虑漫滩过程的模式会夸大或者低估潮流流速。对于滩涂面积广阔的海域来说,潮流数值模式中考虑漫滩的影响是必要的。 相似文献
7.
本文基于POM海洋模式,通过改变地形条件进行了不同海平面下的数值实验,探讨了日本海表层环流场对海平面变化的响应。研究表明：随着海平面的下降,日本海南部的对马暖流及其分支逐渐减弱,海平面降低至-90 m和-100 m时,对马暖流的东朝鲜暖流分支和日本近岸分支几乎消失;而日本海北部的寒流强度基本保持不变,仅寒流主轴位置逐渐向北移动。且海平面的下降使对马海峡流量逐渐减小,进而导致对马暖流的强度逐渐减弱,影响范围也不断缩小。研究结果对过去古海洋海平面变化过程中日本海表层环流的改变问题具有一定的参考和依据。 相似文献
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通过对长江口外海域187个表层沉积物样品进行常量元素氧化物(SiO2,Al2O3,Fe2O3,MgO,CaO,Na2O,K2O,P2O5,TiO2,MnO,TOC和 CaCO3)测试,分析其空间分布特征及其地质意义。结果显示,研究区表层沉积物常量元素氧化物主要由SiO2,Al2O3,Fe2O3,MgO,CaO,Na2O,K2O和TiO2等组成,这8种组分约占沉积物总量的91.59%;其中SiO2和Al2O3含量最高,平均值分别为62.43%和11.16%。R型因子分析结果表明,研究区表层沉积物的常量元素氧化物可以分为3类:第1类包括SiO2,Al2O3,Fe2O3,MgO,P2O5,TiO2和MnO;第2类包括CaO,K2O,CaCO3和TOC;第3类包括Na2O,这3类可能分别代表了陆源碎屑沉积、海洋生物和陆源混合沉积以及海洋化学沉积。Al2O3/Na2O和CIA的空间分布较为相似,指示了长江入海物质主要堆积在长江口及其以南的123.5°E以西海域,闽浙冬季沿岸流是其主要驱动力。 相似文献
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当水流经过海洋地形时,水流的不稳定性会引起垂向混合并伴随大量湍流过程。针对传统海气耦合模式缺少在湍流尺度上讨论海洋地形与风速对海气相互作用影响的问题,使用并行大涡模拟海气耦合模式(the parallelized large eddy simulation model, PALM)在5 m/s的背景风场下,引入理想立方体地形,对比有无地形的影响;设置地形边长为L,高为3L (其中大气部分高L), L与水深H之比为L/H=1/2;然后保持地形条件不变。设置5、10和15 m/s三种风速,讨论风速对小尺度海气相互作用的影响。研究表明:地形在大气部分减弱顺风向速度,增强侧风向速度,影响0～5L的高度区域,而对垂向作用较小;无地形条件下湍流垂向涡黏系数Km在-0.3L时,水深达到最大值0.024 m2/s,有地形条件下Km在-0.8L时,达到最大值为0.16 m2/s,地形的存在使得上层海洋混合加强, Km最大值增加1个数量级。随风速增大海洋和大气中的净热通量、淡水通量和浮力通量都相应... 相似文献
10.
钦州湾水交换能力数值模拟研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
基于普林斯顿海洋模式（Princeton Ocean Model,POM）,以M2、S2、K1、O1、M4和MS4 6个分潮为驱动,建立了包含漫滩处理的高分辨率钦州湾水动力模式。与现场观测的数据对比表明,该模式能较好地刻画钦州湾的水动力特征。在此基础上建立了水质模型,模拟钦州湾的水交换过程。模拟结果表明:钦州湾水交换能力整体上较强,整个湾平均的水体半交换时间约为18 d,水体平均存留时间为45 d。空间分布上,钦州保税港区以南海域水交换能力最强,半交换时间小于1 d;沿着水道向北,水交换能力逐渐减弱;茅尾海中部半交换时间为26~28 d;茅尾海的东、西、北3个部分存在水交换滞缓区,半交换时间超过50 d。数值实验表明,采用漫滩技术对准确模拟钦州湾潮流速度和水交换能力非常重要,不考虑漫滩过程会低估钦州湾的潮流速度和水体交换能力。水平扩散系数对流速及交换时间都有影响,但影响有限。 相似文献
11.
A Wind stress–Current Coupled System (WCCS) consisting of the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) and an improved wind stress algorithm based on Donelan et al. [Donelan, W.M., Drennan, Katsaros, K.B., 1997. The air–sea momentum flux in mixed wind sea and swell conditions. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 27, 2087–2099] is developed by using the Earth System Modeling Framework (ESMF). The WCCS is applied to the global ocean to study the interactions between the wind stress and the ocean surface currents. In this study, the ocean surface current velocity is taken into consideration in the wind stress calculation and air–sea heat flux calculation. The wind stress that contains the effect of ocean surface current velocity will be used to force the HYCOM. The results indicate that the ocean surface velocity exerts an important influence on the wind stress, which, in turn, significantly affects the global ocean surface currents, air–sea heat fluxes, and the thickness of ocean surface boundary layer. Comparison with the TOGA TAO buoy data, the sea surface temperature from the wind–current coupled simulation showed noticeable improvement over the stand-alone HYCOM simulation. 相似文献
12.
In this paper, effort is made to demonstrate the quality of high-resolution regional ocean circulation model in realistically simulating the circulation and variability properties of the northern Indian Ocean(10°S–25°N,45°–100°E) covering the Arabian Sea(AS) and Bay of Bengal(BoB). The model run using the open boundary conditions is carried out at 10 km horizontal resolution and highest vertical resolution of 2 m in the upper ocean.The surface and sub-surface structure of hydrographic variables(temperature and salinity) and currents is compared against the observations during 1998–2014(17 years). In particular, the seasonal variability of the sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, and surface currents over the model domain is studied. The highresolution model's ability in correct estimation of the spatio-temporal mixed layer depth(MLD) variability of the AS and BoB is also shown. The lowest MLD values are observed during spring(March-April-May) and highest during winter(December-January-February) seasons. The maximum MLD in the AS(BoB) during December to February reaches 150 m (67 m). On the other hand, the minimum MLD in these regions during March-April-May becomes as low as 11–12 m. The influence of wind stress, net heat flux and freshwater flux on the seasonal variability of the MLD is discussed. The physical processes controlling the seasonal cycle of sea surface temperature are investigated by carrying out mixed layer heat budget analysis. It is found that air-sea fluxes play a dominant role in the seasonal evolution of sea surface temperature of the northern Indian Ocean and the contribution of horizontal advection, vertical entrainment and diffusion processes is small. The upper ocean zonal and meridional volume transport across different sections in the AS and BoB is also computed. The seasonal variability of the transports is studied in the context of monsoonal currents. 相似文献
13.
北极海域海面风场和海浪遥感观测能力分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
卫星遥感是开展北极海域海面风场和海浪分布特征与变化规律研究的重要手段。本文基于在轨多源卫星遥感数据，从遥感观测空间覆盖、时间覆盖和多源卫星遥感数据融合等方面开展北极海域海面风场与海浪遥感观测能力分析，研究主要结果为:基于ASCAT和HY-2A散射计可实现北极海域海面风场遥感观测，通过多星联合观测可获取北极海域时空分辨率优于12 h和0.1°的海面风场遥感融合数据；基于HY-2A、CryoSat-2、SARAL和Sentinel-3高度计可实现北极海域海浪遥感观测，同样通过多星联合观测可获取北极海域时空分辨率优于1 d和0.25°的海浪有效波高遥感融合数据；基于2016年北极海面风场和海浪遥感融合数据，分析得出北极海域海面风场和海浪在2月处于极大值，然后逐渐减小，7月最小，随后开始逐渐增大。本研究表明，基于多源散射计和高度计遥感观测可实现北极海域海面风场和海浪的高时空分辨率遥感业务化监测。 相似文献
14.
《Ocean Modelling》2011,36(4):304-313
We implemented an explicit forcing of the complete lunisolar tides into an ocean model which is part of a coupled atmosphere–hydrology–ocean–sea ice model. An ensemble of experiments with this climate model shows that the model is significantly affected by the induced tidal mixing and nonlinear interactions of tides with low frequency motion. The largest changes occur in the North Atlantic where the ocean current system gets changed on large scales. In particular, the pathway of the North Atlantic Current is modified resulting in improved sea surface temperature fields compared to the non-tidal run. These modifications are accompanied by a more realistic simulation of the convection in the Labrador Sea. The modification of sea surface temperature in the North Atlantic region leads to heat flux changes of up to 50 W/m2. The climate simulations indicate that an improvement of the North Atlantic Current has implications for the simulation of the Western European Climate, with amplified temperature trends between 1950 and 2000, which are closer to the observed trends. 相似文献
15.
基于浮标实测数据的WindSat海洋反演产品精度分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
To evaluate the ocean surface wind vector and the sea surface temperature obtained from Wind Sat, we compare these quantities over the time period from January 2004 to December 2013 with moored buoy measurements. The mean bias between the Wind Sat wind speed and the buoy wind speed is low for the low frequency wind speed product(WSPD_LF), ranging from –0.07 to 0.08 m/s in different selected areas. The overall RMS error is 0.98 m/s for WSPD_LF, ranging from 0.82 to 1.16 m/s in different selected regions. The wind speed retrieval result in the tropical Ocean is better than that of the coastal and offshore waters of the United States. In addition, the wind speed retrieval accuracy of WSPD_LF is better than that of the medium frequency wind speed product. The crosstalk analysis indicates that the Wind Sat wind speed retrieval contains some cross influences from the other geophysical parameters, such as sea surface temperature, water vapor and cloud liquid water. The mean bias between the Wind Sat wind direction and the buoy wind direction ranges from –0.46° to 1.19° in different selected regions. The overall RMS error is 19.59° when the wind speed is greater than 6 m/s. Measurements of the tropical ocean region have a better accuracy than those of the US west and east coasts. Very good agreement is obtained between sea surface temperatures of Wind Sat and buoy measurements in the tropical Pacific Ocean; the overall RMS error is only 0.36°C, and the retrieval accuracy of the low latitudes is better than that of the middle and high latitudes. 相似文献
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We establish a mathematically consistent theory of the pseudo-sound pressure fluctuation in the deep ocean induced by nonlinearly interacting random plane waves on the surface. In the process, a new set of the second-order perturbation equations is derived and power-correlation coefficients between random plane waves are introduced. A phenomenological model is adopted for wind pressure which excites the surface waves consisting of wind-driven sea and swell. By solving the first-order- and the second-order-perturbation equations with this wind pressure as the excitation, we obtain an expression for the pressure fluctuation and its power spectral density in the gravity-wave regime. It is concluded that only the swell part of the surface waves generates the pressure fluctuation and the spectral density is modified by the power correlation coefficient. 相似文献
18.
海冰对北极海冰边缘区大洋光学观测的影响评估 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Diffuse attenuation coefficient(DAC) of sea water is an important parameter in ocean thermodynamics and biology, reflecting the absorption capability of sea water in different layers. In the Arctic Ocean, however, sea ice affects the radiance/irradiance measurements of upper ocean, which results in obvious errors in the DAC calculation. To better understand the impacts of sea ice on the ocean optics observations, a series of in situ experiments were carried out in the summer of 2009 in the southern Beaufort Sea. Observational results show that the profiles of spectral diffuse attenuation coefficients of seawater near ice cover within upper surface of 50 m were not contaminated by the sea ice with a solar zenith angle of 55°, relative azimuth angle of 110°≤φ≤115° and horizontal distance between the sensors and ice edge of greater than 25 m. Based on geometric optics theory, the impact of ice cover could be avoided by adjusting the relative solar azimuth angle in a particular distance between the instrument and ice. Under an overcast sky, ice cover being 25 m away from sensors did not affect the profiles of spectral DACs within the upper 50 m either. Moreover, reliable spectral DACs of seawater could be obtained with sensors completely covered by sea ice. 相似文献
19.
太平洋是海表温度年际变化和年代际变化发生的主要区域,但对太平洋海洋热含量变化的研究相对较少。为此, 本文分析了1980—2020年太平洋上层(0~300 m)热含量的时空变化特征。基于IAP数据,本文首先利用集合经验模态分解法(EEMD)提取不同时间尺度的海洋热含量信号,并利用正交经验分解法(EOF)对不同时间尺度的海洋热含量进行时空特征分析,得到了太平洋0~300 m海洋热含量的年际变化、年代际变化以及长期变暖的时空特征。结果表明,除了年际变化之外,热带西北太平洋上层热含量还存在明显的年代际变化和长期变暖趋势。在东太平洋和高纬度西太平洋,热含量的年代际变化特征并不突出。热带西北太平洋热含量的年代际变化在1980—1988年和1999—2013年较高,而在1989—1998年和2014—2020年期间较低。此外,针对热带西北太平洋热含量的经向、纬向和垂向特征分析,发现这种年代际变化主要发生在5°N—20°N,120°E—180°E,次表层50~200 m范围内。热带西北太平洋热含量的年代际变化对全球海表温度的年代际变化有着重要作用。 相似文献
20.
Within the framework of the linear model of long waves, we study the transformations of the ocean surface under the conditions
of uniform motion of a zone of disturbances of atmospheric pressure. The analysis is based on the evaluation of a two-dimensional
integral appearing in the exact expression for the shape of the free surface of the ocean. It is shown that Earth’s rotation,
the increase in the horizontal scale of the atmospheric anomaly, and the decrease in the depth of the basin make the displacements
of the sea level smaller than those predicted by the law of inverted barometer. The motion of the baric anomalies leads to
the opposite effect. In the open ocean, the displacements of its surface under a moving front are more pronounced than in
the case of a moving circular anomaly of atmospheric pressure.
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Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 2, pp. 3–14, March–April, 2007. 相似文献