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1.
Thermomechanical evolution of the high‐grade core in the nappe zone of Variscan Sardinia,Italy: the role of shear deformation and granite emplacement 
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下载免费PDF全文 G. Cruciani M. Franceschelli H.‐J. Massonne G. Musumeci M. E. Spano 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2016,34(4):321-342
In the nappe zone of the Sardinian Variscan chain, the deformation and metamorphic grade increase throughout the tectonic nappe stack from lower greenschist to upper amphibolite facies conditions in the deepest nappe, the Monte Grighini Unit. A synthesis of petrological, structural and radiometric data is presented that allows us to constrain the thermal and mechanical evolution of this unit. Carboniferous subduction under a low geothermal gradient (~490–570 °C GPa?1) was followed by exhumation accompanied by heating and Late Carboniferous magma emplacement at a high apparent geothermal gradient (~1200–1450 °C GPa?1). Exhumation coeval with nappe stacking was closely followed by activity on a ductile strike‐slip shear zone that accommodated magma intrusion and enabled the final exhumation of the Monte Grighini Unit to upper crustal levels. The reconstructed thermo‐mechanical evolution allows a more complete understanding of the Variscan orogenic wedge in central Sardinia. As a result we are able to confirm a diachronous evolution of metamorphic and tectonic events from the inner axial zone to the outer nappe zone, with the Late Variscan low‐P/high‐T metamorphism and crustal anatexis as a common feature across the Sardinian portion of the Variscan orogen. 相似文献
2.
Mohammad Abdelfattah Sarhan 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(18):399
Mapping based on the interpreted seismic data covering the Abu Gharadig Basin in the northern Western Desert has revealed that the deposition of the Upper Cretaceous succession was controlled by dextral wrench tectonics. This dextral shear accompanied NW movement of the African Plate relative to Laurasian Plate. Structural depth maps of the Cenomanian Bahariya Formation and the Turonian-Coniacian D and A members of Abu Roash Formation display a clear NE-SW anticline dissected by NW-SE normal faults. This anticline represents one of the en echelon folds characterizing the wrench compressional component. The interpreted normal faults reflect the extensional T-fractures associated with the wrenching tectonics. The interaction between the aforementioned NE-SW anticline with the NW-SE extensional faults further confirms the effect of the Upper Cretaceous dextral wrench tectonic. However, the influence of this wrench tectonics was gradually diminishing from the Cenomanian up to the Coniacian times. The NW-SE compressional stress of the dextral wrench compressional component during the Cenomanian up to Coniacian age was greater in NW direction than the SE direction. Three mapped structural closures which are predicted to be potential hydrocarbon traps belonging to the Bahariya Formation and Abu Roash D Member, and are recommended to be drilled in the study area, with potential reservoirs. The regularity of the en echelon array of both anticlines and normal faults within the wrench zones suggests additional closures may be located elsewhere beside the study area. 相似文献
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4.
Abbas Babaahmadi Mohammad MohajjelAbbas Eftekhari Ali Reza Davoudian 《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2012,43(1):77-88
The NW-SE trending Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone (SSZ) is the internal part of the Zagros continental collision zone, which mainly consists of metamorphic rocks deformed in a dextral transpressional zone. This dextral transpression is attributed to brittle deformation related to late Cenozoic Arabia-Eurasia oblique continental collision. Major NW-trending faults, including the Dalan, Garmdareh, Yasechah, Sheida, and Ben faults, are reverse faults with a dextral strike-slip component. These faults were displaced by NW-trending synthetic and NE-trending antithetic faults. There are also E-trending thrusts and N-trending normal faults developing in directions that are, respectively, almost normal and parallel to the major shortening direction. The NW-trending Ben, Yasechah, and Sheida faults are NE-dipping faults, and the Dalan and Garmdareh faults are SW-dipping faults. These faults indicate the presence of a transpressive flower structure zone that probably led to the exhumation of Jurassic high-grade metamorphic rocks, such as eclogite, in the central part of the study area. 相似文献
5.
The Paleo-Tethys suture zone in northern Iran was formed when the Paleo-Tethys Ocean, (between Gonwana-derived Alborz Microcontinent and the Turan Plate), closed during the Eocimmerian orogeny and after they collided together in the Mid-Late Triassic. The NW-striking Boghrov-Dagh basement Fault Zone that lies in the vicinity of Masuleh village and the southern boundary of Gasht Metamorphic Complex is a part of the Eocimmerian suture zone in the Western Alborz. Along this part of the suture zone, tourmaline leucogranites intruded in metamorphic rocks. We recognize three distinct deformation stages (D1 to D3) in the study area especially in the Masuleh Shear Zone. D1 which was synchronous with formation of the main metamorphic minerals, such as sillimanite and staurolite under medium- to high-grade metamorphic conditions probably during the Hercynian event and a NE-directed shortening. The slaty cleavage in metamorphosed Upper Paleozoic rocks and crenulation cleavage and folds in the older rocks were produced due to D2 deformation during the Eocimmerian event under greenschist facies conditions. The Masuleh Shear Zone formed as a result of a ductile strike-slip shear during the Early-Middle Jurassic Mid-Cimmerian D3 event with a pure dextral to transtension shear sense at low to locally medium-grade conditions. All of the D3 structural features agree with a NNW-directed compression and an ENE-directed extension caused by overall dextral shear parallel to the Masuleh shear zone and the Boghrov-Dagh Fault Zone. Based on the available evidence, especially cross-cutting relationships between structural fabrics and rock units, emplacement of the Gasht-Masuleh leucogranites occurred after the D2 collisional event coeval to the possible slab break-off and before the D3 event, between Eocimmerian and Mid-Cimmerian movements. 相似文献
6.
连山关地区位于华北克拉通北缘铀成矿省辽东铀成矿带,已知铀矿床（点）均发育在韧性剪切带附近。为了解韧性剪切带运动学、几何学构造变形机制及与铀矿的关系,本文以连山关岩体周缘韧性剪切带为研究对象,通过野外宏观调查和室内微观研究相结合的研究方法,探讨构造变形期次、韧性剪切带形成机理及其对铀成矿的控制作用。研究表明：连山关岩体周缘发育的韧性剪切带与近南北向挤压构造变形有关,其右行韧性剪切带应变类型为压扁应变,属于一般压缩-平面应变范围,Flinn指数K值在0.19~0.69之间,岩石类型属于S/SL型构造岩。研究区内铀矿体均为隐伏盲矿体,主要赋存于沿着连山关岩体和辽河群接触带右行剪切作用形成的背斜褶皱核部,和北东东向断裂关系密切。综合分析认为,连山关岩体南缘北西向韧性剪切带为一级控矿构造,是区内铀矿热液运移的通道,而剪切带边部的晚期北东东向断裂则是铀矿储存空间;铀源可能来自于太古宙古风化壳,并在大型韧性剪切活动（提供热液运移通道）和基性脉岩侵入（提供热源和还原剂）等综合因素作用下运移、富集成矿。 相似文献
7.
The metabasites and mylonitic granites of the East and South East of Chadegan in the Isfahan province are a part of the Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone. This region is a large-scale ductile shear zone which has experienced different phases of deformation and dynamothermal metamorphism. There are at least three phases of deformation in this area. During the first phase which was related to the subduction of the Neotethys oceanic lithosphere under the Iranian microcontinent, the study rocks have experienced regional metamorphism. The second deformational phase was concurrent with the collision between the Arabian plate and the Iranian plate in the Late Cretaceous and caused mylonitization of the metamorphic rocks. The NW–SE trending fold and thrust faults have formed in this stage. The mylonitization have been formed along the dextral transpressional faults. During the third stage of deformation and exhumation of the metamorphic complex, the mylonitic zones have been uplifted to the surface. In this the deformation phase, developed the current morphology of the rocks. The granites have been injected along the extensional shear zones related to the dextral transpressional displacements. These granites are related to the continental collision granites type and have been formed synchronous to the collision between the Arabian and the Iranian plate. Enrichment in LREEs comparison to HREEs and the negative Eu anomaly in the primitive mantle-normalized spidergram and Chondrite-normalized REE patterns support an intra-crustal origin for these granites. Upper continental crust-normalized REE patterns show that in terms of LREEs, are similar to Upper continental crust. 相似文献
8.
《Geodinamica Acta》2013,26(4):157-163
The Terena Formation is located in the central part of the Ossa-Morena Zone (OMZ) and outcrops in the core of a latter (D3) first order syncline. This Formation is a Lower Devonian flysch and shows an unusual “Z” shape, with a central sector trending nearly N-S, and the tips trending NW-SE. This central sector is crossed by the cleavage (NW-SE) showing an apparent dextral (clockwise) transection pattern, anomalous and opposite to the regional widespread sinistral (anti-clockwise) transpression. The same sector with cartographic dextral transection, shows at outcrop scale, mesoscopic folds with a sinistral transection. During the Lower Devonian a N-S trending basin was developed as an effect of an early tectonic deformation phase. This trough was filled with turbidites and its elongated geometry determined the shape of the main syncline. We propose that the dextral transection pattern, at cartographic scale, result from the superposition of the NW-SE upright S3 cleavage on this major regional structure controlled by a sedimentary trough. The mesoscopic folds, observed on the upper levels of the sedimentary sequence were not influenced by the topographic anisotropy of the basin, and therefore they developed a left transection, according to the regional deformation mechanisms. The “Z” shape of the syncline could be explained as a consequence of two major tectonic shear zones situated along the north and south boundaries of the OMZ, respectively the Tomar-Badajoz-Cordoba Shear Zone and the South Iberian Suture, lined by the Beja-Acebuches Ophiolitic Complex. Both shear zones have a sinistral transpressive character and were active during late Variscan tectonic events. 相似文献
9.
Transpressional tectonics and nappe stacking along the Southern Variscan Front of Morocco 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Andrea Cerrina Feroni Alessandro Ellero Marco G. Malusà Giovanni Musumeci Giuseppe Ottria Riccardo Polino Leonardo Leoni 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2010,99(5):1111-1122
The Southern Variscan Front in the Tinerhir area involves Palaeozoic allochthonous units (Ouaklim and Tilouine units) thrust
onto the northern edge of the West African Craton during late Carboniferous time. Illite crystallinity data highlight an anchizonal
grade for the Ouaklim Unit, and a diagenesis-anchizone transition for the Tilouine Unit during deformation phase D1. The tectonic
stack is crosscut by major dextral reverse faults bounding E–W trending domains of dominant shortening deformation (central
domain) and strike-slip deformation (northern and southern domains), later segmented by a network of post-Variscan faults.
This complex deformation pattern is the result of kinematic partitioning of dextral transpression along the Southern Variscan
Front, coeval with the Neovariscan (300–290 Ma) oblique convergence observed at the scale of the whole Moroccan Variscides.
Partitioning of dextral transpression described in the Tinerhir area is consistent with dextral wrench faulting along the
Tizi n’ Test Fault, and with Appalachian-style south-directed thrusting in the Tinerhir and Bechar-Bou Arfa areas. 相似文献
10.
柴北缘锡铁山韧性剪切带的基本特征及其形成时代 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在柴北缘锡铁山地区元古宇达肯大坂群与奥陶系滩涧山群之间发育一条呈NW向展布的基底韧性剪切带。本文对该韧性剪切带中的宏观构造(鞘褶皱、不对称褶皱、塑性流变组构、S-C组构、旋转碎斑系、构造透镜体、粘滞型石香肠构造)和糜棱岩微观构造(云母鱼构造、压力影构造、动态重结晶、雪球状旋转构造、波状消光和云母扭折)特征作了详细的研究。对锡铁山基底韧性剪切带中花岗质糜棱岩进行白云母Ar-Ar同位素测年,获得坪年龄为398±4 Ma,等时线年龄为399±4 Ma,二者基本一致,代表了锡铁山基底韧性剪切带的形成时间。综合上述特征判断,锡铁山韧性剪切带是一条由元古宇达肯大坂群向SW斜向逆冲所形成的右行逆冲韧性剪切带,该韧性剪切带与早古生代柴达木地块向NE斜向俯冲碰撞造山作用有关,并可能导致了超高压变质体折返到浅部地壳层次。同样,该韧性剪切带的存在,也对锡铁山铅锌矿起到了十分重要的后期构造控制作用。 相似文献
11.
The Anglona and SW Gallura regions represent key places to investigate the tectonic evolution of medium‐ and high‐grade metamorphic rocks cropping out in northern Sardinia (Italy). From south to north we distinguish two different metamorphic complexes recording similar deformation histories but different metamorphic evolution: the Medium Grade Metamorphic Complex (MGMC) and the High Grade Metamorphic Complex (HGMC). After the initial collisional stage (D1 deformation phase), both complexes were affected by three contractional deformational phases (D2, D3 and D4) followed by later extensional tectonics. The D2 deformation phase was the most significant event producing an important deformation partitioning that produced localized shearing and folding domains at the boundary between the two metamorphic complexes. We highlight the presence of two previously undocumented systems of shear belts with different kinematics but analogous orientation in the axial zone of Sardinia. They became active at the boundary between the MGMC and HGMC from the beginning of D2. They formed a transpressive regime responsible for the exhumation of the medium‐ and high‐grade metamorphic rocks, and overall represent a change from orthogonal to orogen‐parallel tectonic transport. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
12.
大别山北麓梅山群中韧性剪切带变形特征及形成机制 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
梅山群为分布于北淮阳地区位于佛子岭群之下、逆掩于晚泥盆世—石炭纪杨山煤系和中侏罗统红层之上的一套中—浅变质岩系，在其中、上部发育ＮＷ走向的韧性剪切带，产状与区域片理一致。对韧性剪切带及其变形岩石———糜棱岩的宏微观构造研究表明，韧性剪切变形发生于区域变质岩形成之后，具有右旋剪切的运动特点，反映大别山地块向北仰冲过程中所派生的侧向滑移作用 相似文献
13.
Microtectonic study of brittle structures in the József Hill Cave, Budapest, highlights the connection between different phases of fracturing and cave formation. E-W trending dextral faults (second order Riedels) and NW-SE oriented tension fractures developed in a ENE-WSW trending dextral shear zone as a result of WNW-ESE directed compression. Ascending thermal water dissolved cave galleries and created barite veins along these fractures. The first stage of cave formation as inferred from timing of fracturation from the regional stress field was Oligocene-Early Miocene. Between the Middle Miocene and Quaternary new N-S to NE-SW trending normal faults were formed by ESE-WNW extension. Pleistocene differential uplift resulted in the reactivation and enlarging of fault zones, dominantly the E-W trending older Riedels. These recent tectonic events enhanced the original en echelon geometry of the older cave corridors. 相似文献
14.
An assessment of the southern Betsimisaraka Suture (B.S.) of southeastern Madagascar using remote sensing and field investigation reveals a complex deformation history. Image processing of Landsat ETM+data and JERS-I Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery was integrated with field observations of structural geology and field petrography. The southern B.S. divides the Precambrian basement rocks of Madagascar in two parts. The western part includes Proterozoic rocks whereas the eastern part is an Archean block, named the Masora block. The southern part of the B.S. includes high-grade metamorphic rocks, recording strong deformation and has mineral deposits including chromite, nickel, and emerald, characteristic of oceanic material that is compatible with a suture zone.Large-scale structural features indicate ductile deformation including three generations of folding (F1, F2, and F3) associated with dextral shearing. The first folding event (F1) shows a succession of folds with NE striking axial planes. The second folding event (F2) mainly has north–south striking axial planes and the last event (F3) is represented by mega folds that have ENE–WSW axial plane directions and have NNW and SSE contractional strain patterns. Closure of the Mozambique Ocean between two components of Gondwana sandwiched rocks of the B.S. and formed upright folds and shortening zones which produced N–S trending lineaments. Later dextral movements followed the contraction and formed NW–SE trending lineaments and N–S trending normal faults associated with dextral strike slip faults and fractures. 相似文献
15.
Maher A. El Amawy Ahmed M. Muftah Mohamed Abd El-Wahed Aymn Nassar 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2011,4(7-8):1067-1085
Al Jabal Al Akhdar is a NE/SW- to ENE/WSW-trending mobile part in Northern Cyrenaica province and is considered a large sedimentary belt in northeast Libya. Ras Al Hilal-Al Athrun area is situated in the northern part of this belt and is covered by Upper Cretaceous–Tertiary sedimentary successions with small outcrops of Quaternary deposits. Unmappable and very restricted thin layers of Palaeocene rocks are also encountered, but still under debate whether they are formed in situ or represent allochthonous remnants of Palaeocene age. The Upper Cretaceous rocks form low-lying to unmappable exposures and occupy the core of a major WSW-plunging anticline. To the west, south, and southeast, they are flanked by high-relief Eocene, Oligocene, and Lower Miocene rocks. Detailed structural analyses indicated structural inversion during Late Cretaceous–Miocene times in response to a right lateral compressional shear. The structural pattern is themed by the development of an E–W major shear zone that confines inside a system of wrench tectonics proceeded elsewhere by transpression. The deformation within this system revealed three phases of consistent ductile and brittle structures (D1, D2, and D3) conformable with three main tectonic stages during Late Cretaceous, Eocene, and Oligocene–Early Miocene times. Quaternary deposits, however, showed at a local scale some of brittle structures accommodated with such deformation and thus reflect the continuity of wrenching post-the Miocene. D1 deformation is manifested, in Late Cretaceous, via pure wrenching to convergent wrenching and formation of common E- to ENE-plunging folds. These folds are minor, tight, overturned, upright, and recumbent. They are accompanied with WNW–ESE to E–W dextral and N–S sinistral strike-slip faults, reverse to thrust faults and pop-up or flower structures. D2 deformation initiated at the end of Lutetian (Middle Eocene) by wrenching and elsewhere transpression then enhanced by the development of minor ENE–WSW to E–W asymmetric, close, and, rarely, recumbent folds as well as rejuvenation of the Late Cretaceous strike-slip faults and formation of minor NNW–SSE normal faults. At the end of Eocene, D2 led to localization of the movement within E–W major shear zone, formation of the early stage of the WSW-plunging Ras Al Hilal major anticline, preservation of the contemporaneity (at a major scale) between the synthetic WNW–ESE to E–W and ENE–WSW strike-slip faults and antithetic N–S strike-slip faults, and continuity of the NW–SE normal faults. D3 deformation is continued, during the Oligocene-Early Miocene, with the appearance of a spectacular feature of the major anticline and reactivation along the E–W shear zone and the preexisting faults. Estimating stress directions assumed an acted principal horizontal stress from the NNW (N33°W) direction. 相似文献
16.
闽—粤东南沿海大陆边缘韧性剪切带的基本特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
东南沿海大陆边缘剪切带是西太平洋活动大陆边缘构造带的组成部分,它是一条具有多次活动的左旋韧性平移剪切带。在本剪切带中可以观察到3种类型的构造:（1）规模巨大的呈北北东—北东向展布的糜棱岩带以及山拉伸线理组成的线状构造带。它们在平面上有明显的从断目两侧向中心递进变形特征;（2）呈北东走向陡倾角的糜棱叶理（Sa）、应变滑劈理或破劈理（Sb）、小型剪切带（Sc）;（3）由西到东断层作用样式和断层岩具有明显的递进变化特点。西部（浅部）断层作用以脆性剪切滑动为主,其断层岩则由假玄武玻璃及镜面糜棱岩组成;中部断层作用以跪—韧性剪切为主,为断层泥—碎裂岩—超碎裂岩;东部(深部,以韧性剪切作用为主,其断层岩为暖棱岩—花岗糜桂片麻岩—眼球状糜棱岩系列。以上特点表明在本剪切带内透入性和非透入性变形之间有着密切的关系,反映出在变形过程中具有由韧性变形逐渐向脆性变形的发展趋势。 相似文献
17.
The Southern Rhodope Core Complex is a wide metamorphic dome exhumed in the northern Aegean as a result of large-scale extension
from mid-Eocene to mid-Miocene times. Its roughly triangular shape is bordered on the SW by the Jurassic and Cretaceous metamorphic
units of the Serbo-Macedonian in the Chalkidiki peninsula and on the N by the eclogite bearing gneisses of the Sideroneron
massif. The main foliation of metamorphic rocks is flat lying up to 100 km core complex width. Most rocks display a stretching
lineation trending NE–SW. The Kerdylion detachment zone located at the SW controlled the exhumation of the core complex from
middle Eocene to mid-Oligocene. From late Oligocene to mid-Miocene exhumation is located inside the dome and is accompanied
by the emplacement of the synkinematic plutons of Vrondou and Symvolon. Since late Miocene times, extensional basin sediments
are deposited on top of the exhumed metamorphic and plutonic rocks and controlled by steep normal faults and flat-ramp-type
structures. Evidence from Thassos Island is used to illustrate the sequence of deformation from stacking by thrusting of the
metamorphic pile to ductile extension and finally to development of extensional Plio-Pleistocene sedimentary basin. Paleomagnetic
data indicate that the core complex exhumation is controlled by a 30° dextral rotation of the Chalkidiki block. Extensional
displacements are restored using a pole of rotation deduced from the curvature of stretching lineation trends at core complex
scale. It is argued that the Rhodope Core Complex has recorded at least 120 km of extension in the North Aegean, since the
last 40 My. 相似文献
18.
桐柏-大别南缘变质流体变质-变形特征及构造意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
前人研究认为桐柏山主要是由桐柏核部杂岩单元组成,它是一个早白垩世花岗质片麻岩杂岩体,其中包含一定的三叠纪中高级变质岩石,后期一起经历相同的构造变形过程,在南北两侧形成剪切旋向完全相反的两条大型韧性剪切带,殷店-马垅剪切带就是南边的华南板块由SSE→NNW挤压作用下,在斜切大别造山带的方向上产生的右行平移断裂带。在野外进行地质考察的过程中,发现在该地区变质流体的分布具有一定的规律。因此,本文通过对殷店-马垅剪切带地质特征、走滑性质、糜棱岩及糜棱岩化岩石的变质变形,剪切带内长英质脉体物质组成、变形特征及物质来源等方面研究,探讨剪切带中变质流体的分布规律以及变质变形与变质流体之间的关系。 相似文献
19.
大青山高级变质岩不仅记录华北克拉通早期大陆形成演化历史,也保留了中下部地壳岩石流变信息,它们经历了下部地壳构造层次高角闪岩相-麻粒岩相条件变质变形、深熔作用改造,形成了复杂构造样式和构造要素组合.韧性剪切带是高级变质岩中主要构造形迹,控制着早前寒武纪高级变质岩主体构造格架.依据野外地质产状、变形特征与构造要素叠加改造关系,韧性剪切带划分为早期近水平顺层伸展型和晚期陡倾韧性剪切带.近水平顺层伸展韧性剪切带呈残留状保留在后期变形改造较弱部位上,主要沿着不同地质单元或者岩性层界面上发育,是在伸展变形体制下形成的.晚期陡倾韧性剪切带呈近东西方向展布,规模较大,叠加和改造早期构造形迹,形成于晚期造山挤压构造环境中,以左行滑移为主.这两种韧性剪切带都形成于地壳中深部构造层次高角闪岩相-麻粒岩相条件下,变形机制主要为熔体增强颗粒边界扩散和颗粒流动,使岩石发生大规模的塑性流动.在宏观上形成了不对称流动组构、条纹条带构造、熔融线理、层内流动褶皱等构造形迹,在微观上矿物晶体没有发生明显塑性变形,均匀消光,晶体为三边平衡结构,与静态变质结构相似,形成了地壳深部构造层次上变质构造岩-构造片麻岩. 相似文献
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辽西兴城—台里地区发育系列花岗质岩石,强烈构造变形特征均显示其具有韧性剪切带的特点。对剪切带北段进行详细宏微观构造解析,结合岩石变形强度差异性分析、有限应变测量、石英C轴EBSD测试以及古差异应力值估算等研究,结果表明剪切带内花岗质片麻岩和眼球状花岗质片麻岩具有NEE向左行剪切变形特征,变形岩石为S-L构造岩,应变类型属于平面应变,古差异应力值介于30~40 MPa之间。长石-石英矿物温度计以及石英C轴EBSD组构指示剪切带以中低温变形为主,温度在400℃~500℃,属绿片岩相变质,具中-低温韧性剪切带特征。韧性剪切带内普遍存在变形分解现象,弱变形带内岩石残斑含量较高,眼球状构造和S-C组构较为发育;强变形带岩石残斑含量较低,剪切面理较为发育,糜棱面理发育较弱或者不发育。 相似文献