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LING Qicong LIU CongqiangLaboratory for Study of the Earth''s Interior Geofluids Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang Guizhou E-mail: lingqicong@hotmail.com China University of Geosciences Wuhan Hubei 《《地质学报》英文版》2003,77(2):246-257
REE and other trace elements in the altered marbles, massive skarns and ores, as well as garnet and quartz were determined in order to examine the behaviors of trace elements during hydrothermal alteration. It is demonstrated that the high-field-strength (HFS) elements Zr, Hf, Th and Nb were immobile while other trace elements were mobile during the formation of skarns and related deposits. REE and ore-forming elements such as Cu and Ag in hydrothermally-altered marbles and skarns were provided primarily by hydrothermal fluids. In the direction transverse of the strata, the more deeply the marbles were altered, the higher the total REE abundance and the larger the negative Eu anomalies would be. The chondrite-normalized REE patterns of skarns are similar to those of the marbles, but the former are distinguished by much higher REE contents and more remarkable negative Eu anomalies. Those patterns were apparently not inherited from the marble protolith, but were controlled by garnets, which were determine 相似文献
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通过对河北省沙河市白涧铁矿床稀土元素的研究,判定矽卡岩、矿石与地层(灰岩)具有类似的稀土元素特征,矿石与岩浆岩(闪长岩)也有着密切的关系。矽卡岩、矿石的稀土元素分布模式表现出了承袭围岩的分布模式,造成这一现象的原因可能是由于含矿岩浆形成后经过了较长距离的运移,需要经过断裂等通道到达现在的沉淀位置,并与围岩发生接触交代作用,而在交代过程中,热液萃取了大量地层的成矿物质所造成。矽卡岩、矿石均呈现较强的Eu负异常和较弱的Ce异常,表明它们是由一种低温、Eu强烈富集的岩浆流体在还原环境下形成的。 相似文献
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新疆蒙库铁矿床稀土元素地球化学及对铁成矿作用的指示 总被引：16，自引：4，他引：16
新疆富蕴县蒙库大型铁矿呈层状、似层状、透镜状赋存于下泥盆统康布铁堡组变质火山-沉积岩系中.矿体中发育矽卡岩,但矽卡岩并不产在侵入岩接触带上.绿帘石、石榴石和矿石的稀土配分模式具有相似性,均为轻稀土富集,正铕异常,基本上无铈异常,暗示它们之间存在成因联系.石榴石稀土配分模式呈折线型,具有明显的正铕异常,石榴石流体包裹体中熔融包裹体、熔流包裹体和气液包裹体共存,表明石榴石矽卡岩具有岩浆成因和热液成因的特征,形成于晶体 熔体 流体三相共存的岩浆-热液过渡阶段.矿床地质特征、矽卡岩矿物和矿石稀土特征表明蒙库铁矿为矽卡岩型矿床. 相似文献
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Baerzhe Be–Nb–Zr–REE deposit is hosted in alkaline granite (125 Ma) which intrudes in the late Jurassic Baiyingaolao Formation in the middle of the Great Hinggan Metallogenic Belt in China. The ore‐forming granite consists of three lithological facies: arfvedsonite‐bearing alkaline granite at the bottom, aegirine‐bearing albite aplite in the middle and pegmatite crust on the top. The albite aplite is the main orebody. We recognized three magmatic‐hydrothermal stages: orthomagmatic stage, late‐magmatic stage and hydrothermal stage, with the late‐magmatic stage being divided into two substages, the pegmatite substage and the aplite substage. Petrographic study on the granite, the microthermometric study on fluid inclusions and in situ laser‐ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis for quartz‐hosted melt inclusions reveal the process of magmatic‐hydrothermal evolution. The finding indicates that primary magma evolved to more peralkaline by fractional crystallization, with synchronously increasing high field strength elements. An extremely high content of Zr and Nb are in the melt inclusions from last stage albite aplite (Zr, min 52 548 ppm, and Nb, min 4104 ppm). This implies that the residual magma directly formed the orebody of rare metal elements. Meanwhile, volatility was increasing during the magma evolution process and F‐bearing aqueous fluid was oversaturated at temperatures higher than 800°C. The separation of fluid from magma caused Li‐REE enrichment in F‐bearing fluid and depletion in residual melt, and led to the difference of the Y/Ho ratio between whole rock compositions and melt inclusion data. Fluid separated into a high‐salinity liquid and a low density vapor phase above 697°C, and enriched REE in the high‐salinity liquid. The oxygen isotope data shows mixing between primary magmatic‐hydrothermal fluid and meteoric water. The ubiquitous pseudo‐secondary fluid inclusions have a wide range of salinity below 462°C, which is similar to the melting temperatures of REE‐bearing daughter minerals. A model involving the mixing by meteoric water could be a mechanism for precipitation of REE minerals. 相似文献
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新疆雅满苏铁矿区碳酸盐岩地质地球化学特征及其对矿床成因的制约 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
新疆雅满苏铁矿床赋存于下石炭统雅满苏组中,矿区发育火山岩、碳酸盐岩及矽卡岩,因此,研究碳酸盐岩与矽卡岩及成矿的关系对厘定矿床成因类型和指导找矿勘查具有重要的理论和实际意义。文章在野外地质剖面测制和调查研究的基础上,对矿区及外围碳酸盐岩进行了岩相学、主量元素、稀土元素及微量元素分析,探讨了矿区碳酸盐岩的地质、地球化学特征。研究结果表明,雅满苏铁矿区的碳酸盐岩含有浅海相生物化石、鲕粒结构及内碎屑构造,与火山岩互层产出,指示沉积作用及火山喷发活动发生于浅海环境;矿区碳酸盐岩岩石类型包括微晶灰岩、细晶灰岩、大理岩、含凝灰质大理岩、糜棱岩化碳酸盐岩和方解石构造片岩,它们的主量元素含量差别不大,说明在变质变形和成矿作用过程中没有主量元素组分的明显带入带出;稀土、微量元素含量除方解石构造片岩稍有降低外,其余岩性均变化不大,也表明变质变形和成矿作用过程中没有外来物质的明显加入,包括成矿物质;与矿体毗邻的碳酸盐岩为方解石构造片岩,没有发生矽卡岩化,表明该碳酸盐岩在构造及成矿作用过程中只发生了构造片理化和热液重结晶,没有发生接触交代。因此,雅满苏铁矿床不是狭义的矽卡岩(接触交代)型铁矿床,而是海相火山岩型铁矿床。研究区的矽卡岩并非是接触交代的产物,而应是火山热液交代含碳酸盐的火山岩而成。是否有下部地层中的碳酸盐岩提供成岩成矿物质还需要进一步研究。 相似文献
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辽宁赛马岩体是我国典型的产铀碱性杂岩体,但其稀土矿化机制尚不明确.通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜和电子探针分析,得知该岩体从霞石正长岩经霓霞正长伟晶岩至晚期异霞正长岩,代表性稀土矿物层硅铈钛矿[Na2Ca4REETi（Si2O7）2OF3]不断富集,Nb、Zr和REE（特别是HREE）等高场强元素含量不断升高,部分颗粒具Zr、REE等元素成分环带,以上成分变化与稀土等不相容元素性质、碱性岩浆成分和岩浆结晶分异过程密切相关.此外,层硅铈钛矿经历了一系列的热液蚀变,蚀变部分Ti、Ca、Sr、Na含量增加而Zr、REE含量降低,最终形成由残余层硅铈钛矿+方解石+萤石+铈硅磷灰石组成的假晶,可能与富碱质、F和CO2的自交代流体作用有关.该研究揭示了碱性岩浆演化过程中,层硅铈钛矿成分变化及热液蚀变组合对指示岩浆结晶分异程度、探究稀土元素分馏及其热液活动性的具有重要意义. 相似文献
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广西大厂层状花岗质岩石地质、地球化学特征及成因初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在广西大厂拉么矿区黑云母花岗岩岩体周围的层状花岗质岩石,其地质产状、成岩时代、结构构造、矿物成分、化学成分及稀土元素、微量元素地球化学特征等方面与一般的交代岩不同,也与一般的岩浆成因花岗岩不同;成岩物质既有岩浆来源又有地层来源,反映了与笼箱盖岩体同源的岩汁或热液沿层交代泥盆系的成因特征。它与层状锡多金属矿体、层状夕卡岩及层状锌-铜矿体等共同构成燕山期酸性岩浆作用所形成的层状交代体系。 相似文献
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层控夕卡岩及有关矿床形成过程的稀土元素行为——以安徽冬瓜山矿床为例 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：6
对安徽省冬瓜山层控夕卡岩型铜（金）矿床中穿层方向上不同蚀变程度的大理岩，顺层方向上距岩体远近不同但垂向深度的块状石榴子石夕卡岩及其主矿物石榴子石，不同演化阶段的石英及矿石等到的REE特征进行了系统研究，结果显示，在穿层方向上，大理岩被交代的程度愈深其稀土总量（∑REE）愈高，Eu负异常愈显著，尽管，夕卡岩全岩的RE分布模式与原岩（大理岩）相似，但前者的稀土总量（∑REE）远高于后者，且Eu异常更为显著，显然不是继续承原岩的REE特征所致，而是受控于其主矿物石榴子石的REE特征，后者又由参与交代作用的岩浆热液REE所决定，热液中的REE具有缓和右倾型分布模式，LREE富集，较显著的Eu负异常等基本特征，石榴子石晶体基本承袭了热液的REE特征，REE的空间变化特征结果地层的构造特征可以揭示夕卡岩及相关矿体形成过程中流体的输运径及输运方式，REE的研究有助于深化对层控夕卡岩及其相关矿床形成过程的认识。 相似文献
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广西大厂层状花岗质岩石地质、地球化学特征及成因初探 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
在广西大厂拉么矿区黑云母花岗岩岩体周围的层状花岗质岩石,其地质产状、成岩时代、结构构造、矿物成分、化学成分及稀土元素、微量元素地球化学特征等方面与一般的交代岩不同,也与一般的岩浆成因花岗岩不同;成岩物质既有岩浆来源又有地层来源,反映了与笼箱盖岩体同源的岩汁或热液沿层交代泥盆系的成因特征。它与层状锡多金属矿体、层状夕卡岩及层状锌-铜矿体等共同构成燕山期酸性岩浆作用所形成的层状交代体系。 相似文献
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Granite- and gabbrodiorite-associated skarn deposits of NW Iran 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Field and laboratory studies show that there are two types of skarn deposits in NW Iran: granite-associated (type I) and gabbrodiorite-associated (type II). Granite-associated deposits are accompanied by Cu and Fe mineralisation, whereas Mn and Fe are the main ore metals in gabbrodiorite-associated skarn deposits. There are some differences in the mineralogy of these skarn deposits. Bixbyite, piemontite and Cr-bearing garnet are found only in gabbrodiorite-associated skarns, whereas idocrase occurs only in granite-associated deposits. Type II skarns show exoskarn features, whereas some type I skarns have developed endoskarn as well. Evidence of boiling of hydrothermal fluid can be seen in both types and seems to be a common mechanism of mineral deposition. Gabbrodiorite-associated skarns show higher fO2 than granite-associated deposits. Based on mineralogical and textural evidence, mineralisation in both groups has started from about 550 °C. Early formed anhydrous minerals have begun to be replaced by hydrous minerals from about 400 °C.It seems that due to low fluid content in the gabbrodioritic magma, heated meteoritic water in the surrounding volcanoclastic and tuffaceous rocks was the main source of hydrothermal solution in the gabbrodiorite-associated skarn system. 相似文献
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陕西柞水—山阳成矿带中酸性小岩体的地球化学研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本成矿带内中酸性小岩体均为浅成—超浅成相、高温条件下岩浆结晶的产物。根据岩体及矿床中硫同位素、铅同位素成分及全岩稀土元素组成特征,判断成岩物质来源于地壳深部或上地慢。来自岩浆熔体的热水溶液是导致成矿的重要因素。 相似文献
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滇东南老君山锡-钨-锌-铟多金属矿集区含矿矽卡岩成因研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
滇东南老君山矿集区广泛分布的矽卡岩是本区锡-钨-锌-铟多金属矿床的主要赋存围岩。长期以来,该区含矿矽卡岩的成因争议较大,由此也制约了对该区锡钨多金属成矿规律的认识。本文以区内代表性的都龙和南秧田矿区含矿矽卡岩为研究对象,在对其地质特征详细研究的基础上,运用电子探针和ICP-MS分别测定了上述两个矿区含矿矽卡岩的矿物成分、微量和稀土元素组成,探讨了它们和多金属矿床的成岩成矿机制的关系。结果表明,区内同时存在与地层产状一致的"层状"含矿矽卡岩和明显切割层理的穿层含矿矽卡岩。都龙矿区含矿矽卡岩富Fe、贫Al,主要矿物端元成分为钙铁榴石(And_(52-69)Gro_(28-45)Spe_(1-4))、钙铁辉石(Di_(11-41)Hd_(51-73)Jo_(0-28))和铁阳起石等,从干矽卡岩到退化蚀变阶段,形成环境由酸性的弱还原环境向偏碱性的相对氧化环境变化。南秧田矿区含矿矽卡岩富Mg、Al,贫Fe,主要矿物端元成分为钙铝榴石(Gro_(82-89)Alm_(7-13)And_(2-5))、透辉石(Di_(55-81)Hd_(18-42)Jo_(0-5))和透闪石(阳起石)等,形成于相对还原的环境。都龙和南秧田矿区含矿矽卡岩与花岗岩都显示出相似的、LREE相对富集的右倾型稀土配分模式,多具有中等-弱Eu负异常,与典型的热液交代成因矽卡岩特征相似。综合分析认为,该区含矿矽卡岩主要形成于燕山晚期花岗岩浆热液与围岩的交代作用,"层状"矽卡岩可能是热液沿层间构造、岩相突变带等有利位置进行交代的结果。 相似文献
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SMITH M. P.; HENDERSON P.; JEFFRIES T. E. R.; LONG J.; WILLIAMS C. T. 《Journal of Petrology》2004,45(3):457-484
Garnets from skarns in the Beinn an Dubhaich granite aureole,Isle of Skye, Scotland, have a large range of concentrationsof uranium (0·2–358 ppm) and the rare earth elements(REE) (23–4724 ppm). Variations in these concentrationscorrelate with major element zonation within the garnets, andwith changes in the shape of REE patterns. Typical patternsin most garnets display light REE (LREE) enrichment, flat heavyREE (HREE) distribution and a negative Eu anomaly. These patternsare interpreted to represent equilibrium trace element exchangebetween pre-existing pyroxene, hydrothermal fluid and calcicgarnets. Iron-rich zones are characterized by positive Eu anomaliesand an increase in the abundance of the LREE relative to theHREE. These patterns are interpreted as resulting from changesin REE speciation related to the introduction of externallybuffered fluid to the skarn system. Relatively Fe-poor zonesshow strongly HREE-enriched patterns with negative Eu anomaliesand in some instances depletions in Y relative to Ho and Dy,which are interpreted as resulting from surface sorption ofthe REE during rapid, disequilibrium garnet growth. Strong correlationsbetween U abundance and the REE patterns indicate that the sameprocesses have affected U distribution. Both types of patterncan be modified by the effects of closed-system crystallizationon REE abundance in the fluid, and changes in fluid major elementchemistry. KEY WORDS: fractionation; garnet; hydrothermal; rare earth elements; skarn 相似文献
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广西栗木稀有金属花岗岩的稀土元素配分模式及其意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文探讨了栗木稀有金属花岗岩稀土元素配分模式的特点。含矿花岗岩和不含矿花岗岩含稀土总量均低,但其稀土配分模式差别甚大。该岩体可能是南岭地区由成分相当于翁岗岩浆的碱长花岗岩浆直接结晶形成的,而不是由正常花岗岩浆演化到晚期的残余岩浆结晶形成的。 相似文献
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西藏芒康盆地新生代高钾火山岩的主元素和同位素地球化学研究 总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2
元素和Pb-Sr-Nd同位素地球化学示踪结果表明,西藏芒康盆地内拉屋乡组高钾火山岩是在转换压缩引起的陆内俯冲背景下产生的,其可能源区为EMII型富集地幔端元。高场强元素Nb和Ta出现明显的负异常,表明在该火山岩源区内有陆壳物质的加入。稀土元素模拟结果显示岩浆源区成岩过程中有单斜辉石、斜长石和石榴子石的分离结晶。 相似文献
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为了解桂东北伟晶岩岩浆的形成环境及演化过程,对桂东北茅安塘Nb-Ta-Be-Rb稀有金属矿床周围伟晶岩中的石榴子石进行了镜下观察、电子探针（EPMA）和LA-ICP-MS原位微区主微量元素研究,探讨石榴子石的成因及其对成岩及成矿作用的指示.结果表明,桂东北茅安塘地区伟晶岩中的石榴子石为岩浆成因石榴子石,属于铁铝榴石-锰铝榴石（平均Alm49.28-Sps47.09）固溶体系列,可分为早期形成的Ⅰ型石榴子石（GrtⅠ）和晚期形成的Ⅱ型子石（GrtⅡ）.两期石榴子石均以富集重稀土（HREE）、高场强元素（HFSE）,亏损轻稀土（LREE）和缺乏大离子亲石元素（LILE）为特征,∑REE配分模式呈明显左倾趋势,显著的Eu负异常.石榴子石生长过程中的界面反应速率小于物质迁移速率,水岩作用较弱,∑REE主要以表面吸附或吸收的形式进入石榴子石中,是导致其重稀土（HREE）元素富集,轻稀土元素亏损的主要原因.随着岩浆分异演化程度的不断提高,∑REE逐渐进入并赋存于石榴子石中,促进岩浆从早期的低分馏（未分馏）的岩浆熔体逐渐向晚期的高分馏的岩浆熔体演化.石榴子石中HREE含量随岩浆演化程度逐渐增加表明,晚期分异演化的岩浆-热液中逐渐富集稀土及稀有金属元素.这些晚期富含成矿元素的热液流体交代原生矿物,导致外侧带及核部花岗伟晶岩中发育大量交代成因的稀土和稀有金属矿物. 相似文献
19.
云南金宝山超镁铁岩原始岩浆成分反演 总被引：14，自引：7，他引：14
金宝山岩体赋存有我国最大的铂族元素矿床,位于云南省弥渡县,大地构造位置处于杨子地台西缘南端。岩体是呈似层状(岩席)产出的小型超镁铁岩,侵位于泥盆系金宝山组白云岩、泥灰岩、砂板岩中,由橄榄岩、辉橄岩及微辉岩、辉石岩异离体组成,没有完整的相带分异,缺乏分异堆积特征。但岩体铂族元素成矿以铂钯为特征(Pd/Ir>10),硫化物Ni/Cu比值低(0.5～5),岩石稀土元素富集,配分型式为轻稀土富集型,体现基性岩浆衍生产物的岩石地球化学特点。元素含量的组合变化反映出橄榄石对岩石成分的控制作用,成岩母体可视为橄榄石与熔体两部分组成的混合体系,分析表明岩浆经历了11％的橄榄石结晶和22％左右的斜长石结晶分异,大部分熔体相携带斜长石先期离开岩浆房或被压滤出去,残余熔体携带橄榄石结晶颗粒在构造挤压作用下向上运移侵位成岩。根据岩浆演化过程反演,计算得到金宝山超镁铁岩原始岩浆组成,表明为低钛拉斑玄武岩岩浆,MgO含量为12.93％,其形成可能与裂谷作用早期的地幔热柱作用有关,原始岩浆起源于未亏损地幔的部分熔融。 相似文献