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HUANG Zhouying CHEN Yixin WANG Chonggang ZHAO Yang ZUO Zhenghong. Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Cell Biology Tumor Cell Engineering School of Life Sciencse Xiamen University Xiamen China. Department of Biology Quanzhou Normal University Quanzhou China 《海洋学报(英文版)》2007,(2)
The effects on ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), NADPH-cytochrome c reductase and NADH cytochrome b5 reductase activities of digestive gland in Meretrix meretrix exposed to tributyltin (TBT) at environmental levels (0.1,1.0, 10.0 ng/dm3 as stannum concentration), in experimental condition, were evaluated. The EROD, NADH cytochrome b5 reductase activities were significantly inhibited after exposure to 10.0 ng/dm3 TBT for 8 and 20 d, the NADPH cytochrome c reductase activities were significantly inhibited after exposure to 0.1,1.0 and 10.0 ng/dm3 TBT for 8 d and to 1.0 and 10.0 ng/dm3 for 20 d, as compared with the matched control, while NADH cytochrome b5 reductases and NADPH cytochrome c reductase activities were induced after exposure to 10.0 ng/dm3 TBT for 2 d. The EROD activity in the 10 ng/dm3 group, and the NADH cytochrome b5 reductases activities in 1.0 and 10.0 ng/dm3 groups, were significantly induced when transferred to clean recovery tanks for 7 d. The three enzymic activities in the clams exposed to TBT were recovered to the level corresponding to that of the control group after transfer to clean recovery tanks for 20 d. NADPH cytochrome c reductase activity in Meretrix meretrix seems to be more sensitive to exposure of TBT than that of the EROD and NADH cytochrome b5 reductases. The results suggest that induction and inhibition by TBT to the monooxygenase system enzymic activity in Meretrix meretrix would simultaneously exist. The enzymic activities were inhibited by exposure for a long time. The results suggest that inhibition of the monooxygenase system should be an indication of the exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of TBT for a long time. 相似文献
2.
用实验生态学方法，观察浓度为0．1、1、10ng／dm^3的三丁基锡暴露2、8、20d以及恢复7、20d后对文蛤外套膜酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶以及Na^＋、K^＋-ATP酶活性的影响．结果表明各浓度组的三丁基锡在暴露早期（2d），外套膜中酸性、碱性磷酸酶和Na^＋、K^＋-ATP酶活性与对照组比较没有显著差异，随着暴露时间的延长，高浓度的TBT暴露对AKP表现出激活作用，对ACP和Na^＋、K^＋-ATP酶活性则具有抑制作用．结果显示Na^＋、K^＋-ATP酶可作为有机锡暴露的生物标志物． 相似文献
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Abstract-The effects on hepatic EROD (7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase) in Mugil so-iuy exposedto benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), pyrene and their mixtures of equal concentration were investigated, at con-centrations of 0.1, 1.0, 5.0, 10.0, 50.0 μg/dm~3, in experimental condition. Time-effects and dose-response of the biochemical indexs were observed. The results showed that the hepatic EROD activitieswere induced by the exposure of BaP, pyrene and their mixtures at high concentration. Dose-responseconnections were that the hepatic EROD activities were elevated with increasing concentration of the pol-lutants. The combined effect of BaP and pyrene at 1:1 concentration ratio on hepatic EROD activity wasantagonism. 相似文献
5.
文蛤、青蛤和四角蛤蜊的随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)的比较分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
利用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)技术,对吕四海区的三种重要的水产贝类：文蛤、青蛤和四角蛤蜊的遗传多样性进行了分析和比较。用60个随机引物对三种贝类共24个样品进行随机扩增,从中选取了45个扩增效果比较稳定的引物用于群体分析,共得到了250个位点。根据Nei氏公式计算出3种贝类种间和种内的遗传相似性指数和相对遗传距离,并进行聚类分析。通过比较分析,3种贝类之间的遗传距离差异不大。相对与青蛤和四角蛤蜊,文蛤种内的遗传距离要小。 相似文献
6.
原油WSF对三种海洋鱼类肝微粒体EROD活性的诱导和恢复的比较 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
研究了实验室条件下原油水溶性组分(WSF)暴露对黑鲷、黄鳍鲷和褐菖鲉肝微粒体EROD活性的剂量-效应,时间-效应和恢复过程。实验结果表明,在剂量诱导实验中,褐菖鲉肝EROD活性在原油WSF浓度为50μg/dm3时呈现生物统计学上的显著差异,而黑鲷和黄鳍鲷肝EROD活性在75μg/dm3时才呈现生物统计学上的显著差异;褐菖鲉肝EROD活性诱导倍数最高,但黑鲷的诱导浓度范围较广。在时间诱导实验中,在40μg/dm3原油WSF暴露下黄鳍鲷肝EROD活性在2 d时首先呈现显著差异;三种鱼肝EROD活性均在第4天达到最高,并呈现显著性变化,此后随着暴露时间的延长而逐渐下降并接近对照组水平。在恢复实验中三种鱼肝EROD活性下降并恢复到对照组水平。研究结果表明:对于石油污染物,黑鲷、黄鳍鲷和褐菖鲉肝EROD活性都可以作为污染生化效应监测指标,然而就三种鱼类比较而言,褐菖鲉最敏感,更适合于作为石油类污染及其生化效应,尤其是低剂量效应的监测生物。 相似文献
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利用实验生态学的方法研究了饥饿对3种不同规格文蛤(Meretrix meretrix Linnaeus)耗氧率和排氨率的影响.实验饥饿的时间分别为1,3,5,7,10,13,20,27,35 d.实验结果表明,饥饿对3种不同规格的文蛤耗氧率和排氨率都有极其显著的影响(P<0.01).3种不同规格的文蛤在饥饿1～7 d时,耗氧率随着时间的延长而增大;饥饿7 d以后,耗氧率随着时间的延长而下降.3种不同规格的文蛤在饥饿1～10 d时,排氨率随着时间的延长而增大;在饥饿10 d以后,耗氧率随着时间的延长而下降.在实验周期内,大、中、小3种不同规格的文蛤的O/N值分别为15.05～36.12(平均23.69),15.6～37.56(平均24.73),17.44～47.25(平均27.17). 相似文献
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文蛤属(Meretrix)16S rRNA基因及ITS1序列的系统学分析 总被引：8，自引：5，他引：8
利用线粒体16SrRNA基因片段及核糖体DNA转录间隔区ITS1序列分析的方法,以近缘属的青蛤(Cyclinasinensis)为外群,对文蛤属的文蛤(M.meretrix)、丽文蛤(M.lusoria)、帘文蛤(M.lyrata)和斧文蛤(M.lamarckii)4种贝类进行了系统学研究。经ClustalX多重比对及DNAsp软件分析后,用PAUP4.0分析软件,计算出种间序列的碱基转换/颠换频率,利用邻接法NJ构建系统发育树。结果表明,帘文蛤与该属其他三种的分歧时间较早,两类序列与其他种类间的相对遗传距离分别在0.25866—0.28218和0.15644—0.20104之间。文蛤与丽文蛤间的16SrDNA及ITS1序列间的遗传距离仅为0.04805和0.04201,拓扑结构图显示关系很近,并且二者的分布区大面积重叠,其序列间的转换/颠换频率接近种内单元型(haplotype)间的序列变化,鉴于它们的贝壳形态有一定差别,应归为同一个种内的不同地理亚种比较恰当。 相似文献
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采用双向电泳技术,对浙江乐清无花纹和有花纹文蛤外套膜的全蛋白进行了研究,并利用质谱和软件对差异蛋白进行了分析。经PDQuest软件分析,在pH4—7,分子量14.3—200kD之间,无花纹文蛤样品中检测到682±24个蛋白质点,有花纹样品检测到600±35个蛋白质点,平均匹配率为84.5%。研究结果显示,两种文蛤共有256个点存在差异表达,这些差异点可能与贝壳的颜色和花纹形成有关。其中98个点为无花纹文蛤特有,57个点为有花纹文蛤特有,另有101个点在表达量上存在两倍以上差异。在无花纹贝壳中发现分子量为42kD左右,等电点为6.4左右,与库蚊的肌动蛋白(分子量为41.7kD,等电点为5.3)匹配率较高;分子量为29kD,等电点为5.6,与飞鱿的肌动蛋白(分子量为29kD,等电点为5.25)匹配率较高的两个蛋白质。在有花纹文蛤中发现了分子量为27kD左右,等电点为4.8,与丽文蛤属的肌浆钙结合蛋白(分子量为20.8kD,等电点为4.98)匹配率较高。 相似文献
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红壳色文蛤选育子代各壳色的形态分化及养殖效果的比较 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以红壳色为目标性状,于2009年进行了文蛤(Meretrix meretrix)的群体选育研究,建立了红壳色选系子一代(Fl),对子一代壳色种类、分布频率及其数量性状进行了统计、测量和分析,并对各壳色的形态、生长速度做了研究.结果表明,文蛤壳色具有多态性,红色、黄色、白双、黄双、波纹的分布频率分别为75.58%、8.55%、0.53%、14.83%、0.50%.红壳色亲本的子代中出现红色∶花色=3∶1,符合孟德尔遗传模式.聚类分析与欧氏距离矩阵结果表明,文蛤波纹与黄色遗传距离最近,白双与黄双遗传距离相近,与红壳色的遗传距离最远.主成分分析显示白双文蛤与黄双文蛤在空间分布上相对重叠,波纹文蛤与黄色文蛤具有较高的重叠率,而红壳色文蛤相对分散,从而进一步说明5种壳色文蛤的遗传距离关系.经过1a同池养殖,子代壳长多数已达到10～30 mm,红壳色文蛤的日生长率为0.20%,花壳色文蛤的日生长率为0.18%,且红壳色文蛤的相对比较生长速度比花壳色文蛤快10.41%.红壳色文蛤选育子代的壳长与壳宽、壳高、粒重存在一定的回归关系.红壳色文蛤壳长对壳宽、壳高、粒重的回归方程分别为:y1=0.502 4x1-0.556 0(R2=0.992 0)、y3=0.8103x3+0.620 0(R2=0.995 6)、y5=0.000 3x25.9029(R2=0.991 9),花壳色文蛤壳长对壳宽、壳高、粒重的回归方程分别为:y2=0.495 3x2-0.419 2(R2=0.990 9)、y4=0.798 5x4+0.793 5(R2=0.995 6)、y6=0.000 4x26.845 8(R2=0.993 4).研究结果为文蛤的红壳色定向选育奠定了理论基础. 相似文献
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应用半静态双箱动力学模型室内模拟了沉积物暴露条件下文蛤Meretrix meretrix 对Cu、Pb的生物富集,通过对富集与排出过程中文蛤体内重金属污染物的动态监测和对富集与排出过程监测结果的非线性拟合,得到了文蛤富集重金属的吸收速率常数K1、排出速率常数K2、生物富集因子BCF(bioconcentration factors)、生物学半衰期B1/2等动力学参数。拟合结果得到的Cu、Pb各动力学参数分别为,K1为4.633372.3754;K2为0.05120.0798;BCF为60.76461414.9634;B1/2为8.6913.55。对模型的拟合优度检验结果显示,沉积物暴露条件下文蛤对重金属Cu、Pb的生物富集数据符合双箱模型,模型的拟合优度良好。比较结果得出,吸收速率常数K1及生物富集因子BCF均随着外部水体金属暴露浓度的增大而减小;文蛤对Cu富集能力大于Pb;Cu在文蛤体内的生物学半衰期B1/2大于Pb;理论平衡状态下生物体内Cu、Pb的含量CAmax随着外部水体中金属暴露浓度的增大而增大,且呈显著正相关,实验结果表明沉积物暴露条件下双箱动力学模型在一定条件下是可以应用于文蛤的富集动力学研究的,仍需要进一步开展不同条件下实验研究分析。 相似文献
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文蛤外套膜"肥大症"的组织病理学研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2003年3～5月,山东莱州某养殖场部分养殖文蛤（Meretrix meretrix Linnaeus）出现外套膜异常肥大现象.组织病理学研究显示,患病贝外套膜、水管、鳃、足等器官组织内粘液细胞增多,水管两侧的外套膜结缔组织中粘液细胞增生尤为明显.同时,患病贝各器官组织还呈现出不同程度的病理学变化,主要表现为组织结构紊乱,上皮细胞肿胀、脱落,生殖细胞滞育、退化,肌纤维变形、溶解,血细胞增生并诱发炎症反应等.在患病贝体内主要观察到3种寄生性原生动物,分别为缘毛类纤毛虫、粘孢子虫及1种顶复门类“孢子虫”.纤毛虫数量较少,主要寄生于鳃表面;粘孢子虫数量较多,寄生在水管、外套膜、鳃、性腺、消化盲囊、血淋巴等器官组织中,以水管结缔组织内数量最多;而顶复门类“孢子虫”主要发现于消化道结缔组织中.组织病理学研究表明,这3种寄生虫可能是病害发生的重要原因. 相似文献
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6种帘蛤科贝类及4个地理种群文蛤线粒体COI基因片段序列分析 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
对文蛤(Meretrix meretrix L.,1758)、青蛤(Cyclina sinensis G.,1791)、硬壳蛤(Mercenaria mercenaria L.,1758)、江户布目蛤(Protothaca jedoensis L.,1874)、薄片镜蛤(Dosinia corrugata R.,1850)和菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum A.,1850)6种帘蛤科贝类和4个地理种群文蛤(大连、连云港、湛江、防城港)的细胞色素c氧化酶亚基I(COI)基因片段的核苷酸序列进行了分析,以探讨这一序列在种质鉴定、种群遗传结构和分子系统发生研究中的应用价值.测序结果表明,所有物种扩增片段长度均为709 bp,序列A+T含量(62.2%~67.6%)明显高于GC含量.物种间共有变异位点311个,其中简约信息位点202个;文蛤4个地理种群间共有变异位点46个,其中简约信息位点2个.此区段共编码235个氨基酸,种间共有氨基酸变异位点85个;文蛤种群间只有1个氨基酸变异位点.以COI基因片段序列为标记,用大竹蛏(Solen grandis)作外群,构建了帘蛤科贝类的系统发生树,其拓扑结构显示4个地理种群文蛤首先聚为1个单元,然后与青蛤聚在一起,最后所有帘蛤科物种聚为一枝,与外群相区别,其结果与传统形态分类基本一致,说明COI基因适合作为该科贝类种群遗传结构和系统发生研究的分子标记. 相似文献
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Margaret O. James 《Marine environmental research》1984,14(1-4)
These studies were designed to determine the metabolic capability of the microsomal cytochrome(s) P-450 in spiny lobster hepatopancreas, and to determine how chemicals which selectively modify mammalian monooxygenase activity catalyzed by different cytochrome P-450 isozymes affect the spiny lobster cytochrome P-450. We used a washing procedure to concentrate the hepatopancreas microsomal cytochrome P-450 and remove the inhibitors of monooxygenase activity which are normally present in microsomes. The resulting reparation (MI fraction) was used to determine monooxygenase activity towards benzo[a]pyrene, benz-phetamine, 7-ethoxyresorufin in the presence of either cumene hydroperoxide or NADPH and vertebrate liver cytochrome P-450 reductase. Benzphetamine was the best substrate for the lobster cytochrome P-450, whereas 7-ethoxyresorufin was metabolized very slowly. Studies with chemical modifiers showed that the responses of the lobster cytochrome(s) P-450 were not similar to those of any of the well-characterized cytochrome P-450 isozymes purified from mammalian liver. 相似文献
16.
Freshwater sculpin were taken from various locations in the Kenai River to determine their in-vivo response to pollution exposure. The specific activity of cytochrome P4501A1 was determined using fluorescence detection of the 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-dealkylase (EROD) reaction. The EROD specific activity was found to be independent of river miles but appeared to relate to specific sites of urban runoff. Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities were also measured but showed no significant difference between sites. Cytochrome P450 laboratory induction studies were carried out on individuals collected from a pristine site. Five groups of 10 fish were dosed from 10–150 mg β-Naphthoftavone (βNF)/kg body weight. The response was linear from 10–50 mg βNF/kg body weight. Sculpin appear to have excellent potential as a sensitive indicator of xenobiotic exposure in a freshwater benthic habitat. 相似文献
17.
The effects of the mammalian inhibitor ellipticine (5,11-dimethyl-[6H]-pyrido[4,3b] carbazole) were examined in a mechanistic study of the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase system of control and β-naphthoflavone (βNF)-induced hepatic microsomes of Platichthys flesus. Ellipticine was indicated to bind to the haem moiety of cytochrome P450s (gave type II binding spectra) and to inhibit the transfer of electrons from both the hydrophobic binding site of cytochrome P450 reductase (P450R) to P450 (inhibited P450R reductase activity) and the hydrophilic binding site of P450R to soluble electron acceptors (inhibited NAD(P)H-cytochrome c reductase activity). No effect was seen on cytochrome b5 reductase activity. Ellipticine inhibition indicated the involvement of (i) P450R (possibly also P450s) in NADPH- but not NADH- dependent hydroxyl radical production, and (ii) electron transfer and P450/P450R interaction in NADPH-dependent cytochrome P450 1A-catalysed monooxygenation (7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activity and benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) metabolism). Differential effects of ellipticine on cumene hydroperoxide (CHP)-dependent BaP metabolism (P450 peroxidase activity) with CHP concentration indicated the existence of at least two forms of P450 with different substrate affinities for CHP, and different mechanisms of formation for protein adducts and free metabolites. Overall, the studies indicate the primary site of action of ellipticine in P. flesus is binding between Fe3+-P450 and P450R. 相似文献
18.
Exposure of female Nucella lapillus to tributyltin (TBT) in seawater at a concentration of 40 ng Sn/litre led to accumulation of TBT in the tissues, and an increase in penis length compared to control animals. Investigation of the steroid concentrations by radioimmunoassay revealed a significant increase in testosterone after 28 days exposure to TBT. No significant effect was noted upon the amounts of progesterone or estradiol-17β. When testosterone was injected into female N. lapillus in the absence of TBT, penis length was found to increase significantly. These observation suggest that there may be an association between the change in testosterone titre in response to exposure to TBT and the development of imposex in the dogwhelk. 相似文献
19.
Effects of petroleum hydrocarbons on the hepatic cytochrome P450 1A1 system in rainbow trout 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Effects on the hepatic cytochrome P450 1A1 system were investigated in juvenile rainbow trout i.p. injected with three different aromatic containing fractions: kerosene, light gas oil or heavy gas oil, originated from distilled North Sea crude oil. Kerosene treatment resulted in no effect on the P450 1A1 system, light gas oil injection caused a weak induction of EROD activities and heavy gas oil treatment resulted in a prominent induction of EROD activities as well as accumulation of CYP1A1 mRNA and P450 1A1 protein levels. The effects of heavy gas oil were compared with effects of β-napthoflavone (β-NF) on the P450 1A1 system. It was obvious that important discrepancies seemed to exist between EROD activities and corresponding CYP1A1 mRNA and P450 1A1 levels in rainbow trout treated with either heavy gas oil or β-NF i.e. heavy gas oil treatment resulted in higher specific EROD activities (EROD/P450 1A1) compared to β-NF. GC-MS analyses revealed that liver and bile from heavy gas oil treated rainbow trout in addition to naphthalene also contained polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as phenanthrenes, anthracene, pyrenes, fluoranthene benz(a)anthracene and chrysene, while none of these compounds were detected in control trout. 相似文献
20.
We are investigating the effects of in vivo exposure of prototypical enzyme inducing agents on hepatic biotransformation enzyme expression in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), a predatory game fish found throughout the United States and Canada. The current study targeted those genes involved in biotransformation and oxidative stress that may be regulated by Ah-receptor-dependent pathways. Exposure of bass to β-naphthoflavone (β-NF, 66 mg/kg, i.p.) elicited a 7–9-fold increase in hepatic microsomal cytochrome P4501A-dependent ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activities, but did not affect cytosolic GST catalytic activities toward 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) or 5-androstene-3,17-dione (ADI). Glutathione S-transferase A (GST-A) mRNA expression exhibited a transient, but non-significant increase following exposure to β-NF, and generally tracked the minimal changes observed in GST–CDNB activities. Expression of the mRNA encoding glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC), the rate-limiting enzyme in glutathione (GSH) biosynthesis, was increased 1.7-fold by β-NF. Changes in GCLC mRNA expression were paralleled by increases in intracellular GSH. In summary, largemouth bass hepatic CYP1A-dependent and GSH biosynthetic pathways, and to a lesser extent GST, are responsive to exposure to β-NF. 相似文献