共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
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线性规划原理在城市道路控制点标高优化设计中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
王新生 《武汉测绘科技大学学报》1995,20(3):269-272
分析了影响城市道路标高设计的因素，认为城市道路控制点的标高设计可用线性规划理论来辅助解决，并用一例子加以说明。 相似文献
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遗传算法在城市道路控制点标高优化设计中的应用 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
建立了进行城市道路控制点标高优化设计的数学模型。从这个数学模型的结构可以看出，这个模型是非线性和不确定性的，采用传统的搜索方法不大可行，但遗传算法对解决这类问题十分有效。本文提出了遗传算法一种新的应用方面，结果表明，遗传算法或许是进行城市道路控制点标高优化设计中一种比较好的方法。 相似文献
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区域土石方平衡法在丘陵地区设计道路标高中的应用研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在对常规方法设计高程简要的基础上,对利用区域土石方平衡法设计道路标高的全过程进行阐述,最后总结确定道路标高时应注意的问题.试验结果表明,该方法与规划区的地形结合设计城市道路高程可以较好地减少城市建设投资成本,且不会对城市景观与城市运行成本产生影响. 相似文献
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本文阐述了冶金企业大型项目竖向设计的形式,场地平土方式及其场地标高确定、标高优化、土方填挖平衡以及对二次土方工程量-基槽土的处理。 相似文献
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《中国城市道路交通指南地图集》设计介绍陆美华（哈尔滨地图出版社１５００８６）《中国城市道路交通指南地图集》（以下简称《图集》）是哈尔滨地图出版社和公安部交通管理局共同编制，由哈尔滨地图出版社出版、发行的一本专题地图集。《图集》的编制、出版是为了适应城... 相似文献
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城市道路竣工测绘是城市规划和自然资源部门对城市道路建设管理的重要技术依据,也是核实建设项目规划及用地指标的主要参考资料.针对城市道路竣工测绘面临的问题,本文提出基于车载移动测量技术进行城市道路竣工测绘,对比分析其优点,对其作业流程进行完善设计,并通过传统测绘手段进行精度检测.结果 表明:利用车载移动测量技术生产出的DLG线划图平面位置中误差为3.85 cm,高程中误差为1.31 cm,可满足1∶500地形图测绘的要求,其进行城市道路竣工测绘尤其是复杂城市道路竣工测绘是可行且高效的. 相似文献
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一、前 言在地形测量工作中,视距测量的计算工作极为频烦,尤其是在1/500等大比例尺地形测量中,一般又认为视距计算盘的精度不够高。为此,研究出一种精确度高而工效又快的视距计算工具是十分需要的。林云波同志早在1955年第6期《工程建设》杂志上,曾发表过“在地形测量中的整数加减高差法”一文。1956年初,作者又在整数加减高差法的理论基础上初步设计了直读标高视距计算盘。但当时的直读标高视距计算盘是存在缺点的,主要的问题在于使用时必须在现场写出所需的加、减标高数字。直至1963年,林云波同志进一步改进了过去的设计,将野外所必需的加、减标高数字编成两张标高数字卡片。这就成功地巩固了直读标高视距计算盘在大比例尺地形测量工作中的应用。在当前,不论从精度上或是在设计技巧上来看,这种新计算盘都比一般计算盘要圆满得多。为了使读者能全面了解这种新工具,有必要先介绍有关整数加减高差法的基本原理。 相似文献
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在用常规方法布设和改造平面控制网时，觇标高度的合理确定一直是人们所关心的问题。我们把满足通视条件且有最佳经济效益的一组标高值称为最优的标高值。 相似文献
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We consider the problem of enabling interoperability and information sharing among geospatial applications that use ontologies to describe their concepts and the relationships among them. We present two fully automatic alignment methods that use the graph structures of a pair of ontologies to establish their alignment, that is, the semantic correspondences between their concepts. We have tested our methods on geospatial ontologies pertaining to wetlands and four other pairs that belong to a repository that has been used in the Ontology Alignment Evaluation Initiative (OAEI). Using these ontologies, we have compared the effectiveness (precision and recall) of our methods against the Similarity Flooding Algorithm that was proposed by others and show that for each of the tested ontologies one of our methods is at least as effective as their method. We have tuned the performance of our methods by introducing a greedy approach that reduces the number of concepts that get compared. This approach reduces runtime by approximately 30% with a minor compromise to the effectiveness of the results. To further validate our approach, we participated in the OAEI competition to align a pair of ontologies, each with a few thousand concepts. 相似文献
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This paper examines the spatial and temporal distribution of all COVID-19 cases from January to June 2020 against the underlying distribution of population in the United States. It is found that, as time passes, COVID-19 cases become a power law with cutoff, resembling the underlying spatial distribution of populations. The power law implies that many states and counties have a low number of cases, while only a few highly populated states and counties have a high number of cases. To further differentiate patterns between the underlying populations and COVID-19 cases, we derived their inherent hierarchy or spatial heterogeneity characterized by the ht-index. We found that the ht-index of COVID-19 cases persistently approaches that of the populations; that is, 5 and 7 at the state and county levels, respectively. Mapping the ht-index of COVID-19 cases against that of populations shows that the pandemic is largely shaped by the underlying population with the R-square value between infection and population up to 0.82. 相似文献
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Daniele Ehrlich Gunter Zeug Javier Gallego Andrea Gerhardinger Ivano Caravaggi Martino Pesaresi 《国际地球制图》2013,28(4):281-293
This study uses high-resolution (HR) satellite imagery to quantify the stock of buildings, referred herein as building stock. The risk assessment requires information on the natural hazards and on the element at risk, that is the building stock in this article. This study combines (1) texture-based image processing to map built-up areas, (2) statistical sampling that allows locating the building samples and (3) photo-interpretation to encoding building footprints. Statistical inference is then used to quantify the building stock per class of building size. Legaspi in the Philippines is used as a case study. The results show that texture-based computer algorithms provide accurate area estimations of the built-up, that the detail of HR imagery allows the mapping of single buildings using photo-interpretation, and that a systematic sampling approach that uses building encoding and built-up maps can be used to quantify the building stock. 相似文献
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针对数据库SHP图层的注记不能直接转成CAD的文字注记的问题,提出了一种新的ArcGIS图层带注记转成CAD实现过程的方法。采用ArcMap与数据库联合使用的方法,改进了ArcGIS图层转成CAD地形图的技术,较好地解决了SHP格式的注记不能直接转成CAD的文字注记的问题。以某市的ArcGIS图层数据作为数据源,进行实例论证。实验结果显示,所提的方法能够更好地处理ArcGIS注记图层,为ArcGIS图层数据转换成CAD地形图提供了可行的方案,对于实现数据的转换具有重要的意义。 相似文献
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提出了GNSS相对定位大气精度因子,即对流层精度因子TrDOP和电离层精度因子IDOP,能够更全面地评估中长距离相对定位参数估计精度。首次从精度因子的角度论证了BDS与GPS融合对测量时间效率的影响。BDS/GPS系统融合后,模糊度精度因子ADOP、相对几何位置精度因子RGDOP、TrDOP值减小,达到与延长观测时间一致的效果。通过TrDOP和IDOP值分析,表明BDS/GPS系统融合有利于对流层和对流层参数估计。 相似文献
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全站仪固定样地测树原理及精度分析 总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21
本文提出应用全站仪在森林固定样地中测树 ,全站仪与PC—E5 0 0袖珍计算机或PDA连接 ,可自动测量每一棵树的树高、胸径或任一直径、树心三维坐标、冠幅等。其测量树高的精度可达 1 / 1 4 0 0 ,测量直径的精度可达 1 / 2 0 0 ,树心平面坐标定位精度可达 1 5mm ,冠幅测量可达 1 / 1 30 0 0精度 ,均高于测树的需要精度。特别重复实验了任意高处直径的测量 ,与轮尺测量的结果最大差 2 1mm ,最小差 1 6mm。 相似文献
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《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(2):135-148
This paper examines the prevalence of geosurveillance and cartographic rationality today by situating it in the age-old practice of governmental surveillance. I approach this question in a broadly Foucauldian historical framework. Foucault outlined a historical transition between a strictly disciplinary society that surveys and disciplines individuals and a "governmental" or biopolitical society that works at the level of a population and its distribution across territory. I argue that this governmental surveillance includes mapping and GIS, which, although they have taken different forms over time, have long been governmental technologies of control. I further argue that surveillance and security operate by establishing norms and statistical averages that allow assessments to be made about risk and threat. In order to illustrate the deployment of these cartographies of surveillance, and to examine their particular effects, I use a case study of crime mapping. I conclude that any assessment of mapping and GIS for surveillance and security uses must consider the genesis of cartographic rationality. 相似文献
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首先分析了地形起伏引起的像点位移原理,在此基础上,针对一般多项式只适用于平坦地区卫星影像正射纠正的不足,根据地形起伏引起的像点位移的数学推导公式,在多项式纠正方法中引入投影差改正,实验表明,该模型较一般多项式模型在x方向上精度有所提高,适用于高山地影像的正射纠正。 相似文献