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水下声学定位观测数据中不可避免地存在粗差,随机模型解算广泛地采用等权模型,模型实现简单,但与实际不符,且不能抑制粗差影响。针对该问题,提出一种基于IGG3方案的抗差Helmert方差分量估计方法。该方法通过水深和观测距离将观测值分为两类,利用Helmert方差分量估计确定不同类观测值的权比,抗差解决了粗差导致Helmert方差分量估计模型失效的问题。实验结果表明,相比于传统解算方法,抗差Helmert方差分量估计方法可以合理确定各观测值权比,削弱粗差影响,提高水下定位精度和可靠性。 相似文献
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针对全球卫星导航系统(global navigation satellite system, GNSS)的中长基线快速动态定位,提出了一种基于三频组合观测值的实时动态差分(real-time kinematic, RTK)卡尔曼滤波定位方法,以位置参数和宽巷组合观测值的双差模糊度为状态向量进行参数估计,采用最小二乘模糊度降相关平差(LAMBDA)方法搜索固定模糊度,以改正后的超宽巷组合观测值为高精度“伪距”,以宽巷组合观测值作为载波相位进行定位解算。通过香港和河南省境内的两组中长基线实验数据,详细分析了该方法在中长距离下的快速动态定位解算性能。实验结果表明,采用该方法宽巷模糊度可实现单历元固定,在静态固定率达到约100%,动态情况下固定率也可以达到约65%,达到了快速高精度定位解算的要求,平面位置精度均能实时达到厘米级。 相似文献
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针对油田井架全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system, GNSS)动态变形监测中存在的多路径效应,限制了变形监测的精度,提出一种BDS(Beidou navigation satellite system),双频单历元恒星日滤波方法削减多路径效应。该方法针对北斗导航卫星系统BDS不同类型卫星,通过单差残差序列提取多路径误差,并基于观测值域对各颗卫星单差残差序列进行改正,再利用LAMBDA方法固定模糊度,解算坐标。通过油田井架模拟及实际监测数据,对多路径误差改正前后的单差残差以及基线解进行分析。结果表明：该方法可以有效削弱油田井架环境的多路径效应,提高定位精度。在模拟试验中,东北天方向精度较改正前提升46.4%、35.5%、42.7%;实际工程监测试验中,东北天方向精度较改正前提升14.7%、11.4%、19.2%。 相似文献
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针对双频 P 码和载波相位观测值,提出了一种适用于短基线的模糊度单历元算法。 根据双频线性组合理论,该方法选择两个线性无关的宽巷组合 φ-7,9与 φ4,-5 ,组成相位与 P 码伪距的无几何模型,当观测条件较为理想时,采用直接取整的方法可得到正确的 N-7,9与 N4,-5 ,若 N-7,9的取整误差大于 0.3 周,则设置±1 周的范围,应用最小二乘搜索算法求解 N-7,9 ,而后,以 N4,-5的浮点解为中心,设置±3σN(4,-5)的范围,再次利用最小二乘搜索法求解 N4,-5 。 N4,-5与 N-7,9确定后,可以直接解算出原始模糊度。 理论分析及算例验证表明,该方法不需要已知测站坐标, 成功率高,实现了双差模糊度的单历元解算,解决了高精度动态实时定位的一个关键问题。 相似文献
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先验随机模型本身的误差会给参数估计带来随机性影响,水下定位等权随机模型简单却不符合实际。基于这一事实,在水下声纳定位模型和随机模型基础上,讨论了随机模型不完善对参数估计的影响。考虑了影响定位主要误差源与高度角之间的关系,结合统计经验提出了基于声线高度角相关的水下定位随机模型。试验表明,优化后的高度角相关随机模型在定位精度上较等权随机模型有所提高。因此,在水下定位中,应减少低高度角观测值的权重,利用提出的随机模型可以减小高度角观测误差对定位精度的影响。 相似文献
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NI Kan ZHANG Shengkun QIAN Renjie
Associate Professor School of Naval Architecture Ocean Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong University 《中国海洋工程》1998,(2)
First,Wirsching＇s model,which is widely employed in fatigue reliability anlysis of marine andoffshore structures,is analysed systematically.It is found that the very important random variable △ inWirsching＇s model can not be directly determined from fatigue experiment because of the irreversibility offatigue test,and in fact,what Wirsching studied from testing results is not △ but α of the statistical Miner＇srule.Second,by use of the statistical Miner＇s rule,a modified Wirsching＇s model is proposed.Thirdly andmore importantly,based on the two-dimensional probabilistic Miner＇s rule,a new model is established forfatigue reliability analysis of structural components subjected to specified cyclic loading of variableamplitude or stochastic time history.In the end,an example is presented,from which it will be seen thatthis new model is very convenient to use and feasible to engineering practice. 相似文献
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平稳过滤白噪声激励下海洋桩基平台响应分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文研究了平稳过滤白噪声激励下海洋桩基平台响应分析方法，该方法将强地面运动视为三向平稳过滤白噪声随机过程，应用留数定理推导出积分平台响应的表达式。对一水深为１１４．３ｍ的海洋桩基平台进行了平稳过滤白噪声激励下响应的计算，其成果与平稳白噪声激励下的响应和响应谱法计算结果进行了对比，并得出了相应的结论。 相似文献
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基于拟层流风波生成机制的海浪谱模型 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
海浪谱的能量可以视为由具有不同相速度的谐波携带的能量所组成。基于对风波形成、发展过程的认识,认为各组成谐波的能量由谐波自平均风摄取而来,由此根据拟层流模型推导出谐波能量密度的计算公式,建立以等效风速和峰值频率等为基本参数的海浪谱模型——随机Fourier函数模型,并给出了确定谐波频率、波长、相速度、振幅以及等效风速等模型参数的原则和计算方法。在59个实测样本谱基础上,采用随机建模方法确定模型参数的取值及其概率分布。结果表明,海浪谱模型可以很好地预测谱能,所计算的物理谱与实测谱均值吻合良好。 相似文献
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The problem of simulating the ship manoeuvring motion is studied mainly in connection with manoeuvring simulators. Several possible levels of solution to the problem with different degrees of complexity and accuracy are discussed. It is shown that the structure of the generic manoeuvring mathematical model leads naturally to two basic approaches based respectively on dynamic and purely kinematic prediction models. A simplified but fast dynamic manoeuvring model is proposed as well as two new advances in kinematic prediction methods: a prediction based on current values of velocities and accelerations and a method of anticipating the ship's trajectory in a course changing manoeuvre. 相似文献
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A Leeway-Trace model was established for the traceability analysis of drifting objects at sea. The model was based on the Leeway model which is a Monte Carlo-based ensemble trajectory model, and a method of realistic traceability analysis was proposed in this study by using virtual spatiotemporal drift trajectory prediction. Here,measured data from a drifting buoy observation experiment in the northern South China Sea in April 2019,combined with surface current data obtained from the finite volu... 相似文献
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Gopal S. Gopalapillai 《Marine Geodesy》2013,36(3):247-267
An orthogonal system of interferometry baselines aboard a geostationary satellite is considered primarily as a global positioning and navigation system. The mathematical model based on the relationship between the measured phase differences, the known transmitter positions, and other systematic error model parameters is derived. A generalized Least‐Squares estimation procedure is used for the solution of the unknown transmitter positions. Study of the effects of the various system and error model parameters on the position accuracy reveals that this accuracy is critically dependent on the baseline length and the magnitude of the random component of the measuring errors. With a 50‐m baseline, the obtainable accuracy at a frequency of 1.5 GHz is comparable to that of the NAVSTAR/ GPS system. Considering the interest and needs of the potential users for a multicapability system, this interferometry system is considered a major improvement over existing and planned navigation systems. 相似文献
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为了评估北斗卫星导航系统（BDS）用于验潮站沉降监测的可靠性和精度,该文利用北海区沿海8个验潮站2022年全年的GPS和BDS观测数据,从基线解标准均方根误差、基线重复性和GPS与BDS基线互差等方面对GPS和BDS解算结果进行对比分析。结果表明,BDS基线解的NRMS值在0.17～0.25之间,GPS基线解的NRMS值在0.18～0.23之间,二者基线解的NRMS值基本相当;GPS基线解的长度和各分量基线重复率平均值要小于BDS,从GNSS网固定误差和比例误差看,GPS和BDS的基线长度重复性精度达到10-9～10-8量级,基线东西和南北分量重复性达到10-9量级,基线垂直分量重复性精度达到10-7～10-8量级。在GPS和BDS基线结果互差方面,GPS解算得到的基线长度均要大于BDS,二者平均差值为10.7 mm;东西分量差值最小,其次是南北分量,垂直分量差异最大,南北分量、东西分量和垂直分量差值平均值分别为-8.5 mm、-3.7 mm和10.6 mm。南北分量、东西分量、垂直分量和基线长度差值平均值最大值分别为23.6 mm、20.9 mm、30.4 mm和22.1 mm。总体... 相似文献
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For evaluation of the permanent deformation of a sea embankment under stochastic earthquake excitation, a robust dynamic risk analytical method is presented based on conventional permanent deformation analysis and stochastic seismic response analysis. This method can predict not only the mean value of maximum permanent deformation but also the reliability corresponding to different deformation control standards. The earthquake motion is modelled as a stationary Gaussian filtered white noise random process. The predicted average maximum horizontal permanent displacement is in agreement with the conventional result. Further studied are the reliability of permanent deformation due to stochastic wave details at one seismic motion level and the risk of permanent deformation due to stochastic seismic strength, i. e., the maximum acceleration in a long period. Therefore, it is possible to make the optimal design in terms of safety and economy according to the importance of a sea embankment. It is suggested tha 相似文献