共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 468 毫秒
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水产养殖业在我国渔业产业结构中占据重要地位,在促进我国渔业经济发展中发挥着重要作用。当前渔业正处于由要素驱动向创新驱动转型的新旧动能转换时期,这也对水产养殖业的转型升级提出了更高要求。文章根据产业演化路径及其运行机理,从资源、技术、市场、制度4个方面构建指标体系,采用1998—2019年的指标数据,通过灰色关联分析和岭回归分析,探索影响产业演化的因素,探讨不同影响因素对水产养殖业演化发展的影响程度,以期为促进中国水产养殖产业的发展,增强水产养殖业的竞争力提供理论支撑。结果表明,城镇居民人均水产品消费量对中国水产养殖产业演化影响程度最大,GDP及单位面积产量的影响显著,水产技术推广经费支出影响最小。基于此,为促进我国水产养殖业的转型升级提出做好水产品消费需求引领与管理、拓展国内国际消费市场;增加科技投入,发展养殖技术;加大资源保护力度,推进绿色发展;着力解决养殖水产品质量安全问题等相应对策建议。 相似文献
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为加快我国海洋渔业的发展,促进水产养殖空间拓展和渔业产业转型升级,文章基于SWOT模型,从优势、劣势、机会和威胁4个方面,分析我国深远海养殖业的发展情况,并提出建议。研究结果表明:我国深远海养殖业发展的优势在于水产品消费需求快速增长、苗种繁育和水产饲料研发技术进步以及大型养殖设施建设取得突破;劣势在于产业发展准备、养殖生产技术和养殖设施建设等存在不足;机会包括保障水产品供给、实现渔业转型升级和提高海洋资源开发利用能力;威胁来自传统水产养殖业、陆生动物养殖业和产业政策制约;我国发展深远海养殖业应做好顶层设计、加大研发投入和加强政策引导。 相似文献
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我国具有较好的水产养殖条件和政策,水产养殖行业在蓬勃发展的同时也带来一定的问题。水产养殖户为提高水产品产量进而提高经济效益,在水产养殖过程中使用渔药,但往往因不科学用药等操作致使水产品出现质量安全问题并对生态环境造成污染。为促进我国水产养殖行业的可持续发展,同时带动社会经济发展,文章从法律、监督管理等层面对问题进行分析。目前我国水产养殖用药在法律制度、生态环境保护、监管、休药期制度以及各部门分工等方面均存在现实的问题。从法律角度出发,结合我国现状以及其他国家的经验,建议从明确处罚标准及其规定、建立健全水产养殖环境生态保护法律体系、加强渔药监管、完善休药期制度和管理模式以及提高管理效率等方面,切实解决水产养殖用药产生的相关问题。 相似文献
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当前,我国已进入全面建设小康社会,加快推进社会主义现代化的新时期,渔业发展面临着重要的战略机遇期,作为大农业的优势产业,渔业应该作出新的贡献,成为农民增收致富的重要渠道。水产养殖是渔业的支柱产业,加快无公害生产技术及高效养殖模式的推广应用,推动传统养殖业向现代水产养殖业转变,带动渔业整体发展水平的提高,已成为今后一个时期渔业发展的主题。一、水产养殖业发展现状近年来,面对近海渔业资源衰退和传统捕捞作业区域缩小、海洋捕捞发展受限的现状,全市加大渔业结构调整力度,把水产养殖作为渔业的主导产业进行培植,依靠科技进步,… 相似文献
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本次渔业专题研讨会共有大陆和台湾代表约50人参加,大陆方面派出由厦门市海洋与渔业局郑茂是副局长为团长的有专家学者、企业界人士及公务人员代表组成的渔业团17人.双方就如何进一步促进海峡两岸渔业产业的合作交流,寻求水产种苗、水产养殖、休闲渔业、水产品加工以及水产品物流等产业有效对接合作方式等问题进行探讨. 相似文献
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世界渔业捕捞量已达顶峰,各国政府、科学家以及相关国际组织均将水产养殖视为全球鱼类增长的主要方式。全球水产养殖业迅速发展。 美国的水产养殖,主要以淡水鲶科鱼为主,年产值约为10亿美元。海水养殖产量约占整个水产养殖总量的1/3。尽管海水鲑鱼及蛤类养殖增长很快,但海洋养殖总体上增长较慢。利用开阔的海域进行养殖有望成为未来的增长点。 海洋水产养殖会带来经济及其他方面收益,但若不采取适当的环境保护措施,也会导致养殖 相似文献
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自１９８５年水产品价格全面开放以来，我国水产生产连年上台阶。１９９２年全国水产品总产量已达１５４６×１０４ｔ，踞世界榜首；水产养殖高速挺进，产量已接近总产量之半。这是坚持以养为主，全面调整产业结构的良好开端。我国的水产养殖，尤其海水养殖，从８０年代末至９０年代初何以会出现大步向前、蒸蒸日上的好势头？其主要原因有：１．党和国家制订了一系列富民政策，为沿海渔业发展提供了一个比较宽松的政治、社会和经济环境；２．自然资源衰落，国家极力倡导开发海洋，国民的水域国土观念和开发意识不断增强，养殖积极性日益提高… 相似文献
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苍南县地处浙江最南端,全县20余万渔区人民靠海吃海,长期以来主要从事近海张网作业及对拖网生产,捕养比重严重失调,养殖产量仅占水产品总产量的8％。为了扭转这一局面,苍南县水产主管部门审时度势地提出了“发展资源优势,主攻水产养殖,加大扶持力度,建设渔业强县”的渔业发展新思路,并坚持狠抓“四个转变”,有力地促进了海淡水养殖的发展。据统计,1996年全县水产养殖总面积6.77 相似文献
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一、渔业在我市大农业中的地位自实行改革开放政策以来,我市的渔业得到了迅速的发展。全市水产品总产量已由1984年的112,824吨猛增至1988年的172,397吨,市场供应明显改观,过去那种有价无鱼、逢年过节全靠凭票供应的状况已被遍布城乡并日益丰富的水产市场所代替。水产品在我市“菜篮子 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2017
In a recent commentary, Pauly and Zeller disagreed with the Food and Agriculture Organization's interpretation of its global capture fishery production records, arguing that trends were distorted by unreliable statistics in some countries. They criticized FAO for not having used their “catch reconstructions” in the 2016 State of the World Fisheries and Aquaculture (SOFIA) report and questioned the interpretation and significance of FAO's aquaculture production statistics. In this paper, we refute their claims and demonstrate that their critique is based on fundamental misunderstandings caused by mixing up statistical metrics and using simple normative explanations to interpret highly complex datasets. We explain how FAO maintains, curates and updates the only validated source of global fisheries landings, describe our capacity building projects and activities underpinning the annual updates for the over 231 different sources of fisheries data, and clarify such updates include dialogues with member countries to improve and revise present and historical records. FAO will continue to work closely with member states, IGOs, NGOs, academia and civil society, to further improve fishery and aquaculture databases, while calling on states to make renewed efforts to improve data quality. It also welcomes research efforts that contribute to the improvement of statistical data which are critical to the sustainable management of fisheries and aquaculture. 相似文献
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福建省具有丰富的海洋渔业资源和天然的区位优势,海洋渔业是其最具稳定增长优势的海洋产业,然而由于海域环境污染、水产养殖病害、近海过度捕捞等问题,近年来福建省海洋渔业的发展也面临着诸多挑战。文章通过对福建省海洋渔业经济发展现状的分析,从生产贸易能力、资源禀赋、科技推广能力和相关产业发展状况4个方面构建福建省海洋渔业竞争力评价指标体系,运用因子分析法对全国11个沿海省、市、自治区的海洋渔业竞争力进行比较评价,结果显示福建省海洋渔业综合竞争力水平较高,但在科技创新推广、相关产业发展、综合生产能力方面较落后于其他沿海地区。为进一步提高福建省海洋渔业竞争力水平,提出推进渔业组织化建设、培养渔业科技领军人才、发展多元化休闲渔业等合理建议,以期对福建省海洋渔业现代化建设具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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为促进辽宁省渔业尤其是海洋渔业的可持续发展,文章综合相关统计数据,运用产业结构三轴图和灰色关联度分析方法,系统分析辽宁省渔业产业结构及其主要产业的发展情况以及6个主要产业对海洋渔业的影响程度,并提出发展建议。研究结果表明:辽宁省渔业第一产业仍占主体地位,但第二和第三产业占比逐渐提高,产业结构三角形的重心呈左旋趋势;渔业第一产业有所优化,第二产业对渔业经济发展起到支柱作用,第三产业以水产品运输业为主;海水产品加工业和运输业对海洋渔业的影响程度最高;未来辽宁省应继续科学发展海水养殖业、远洋渔业、水产品加工业、水产品运输业、休闲渔业和“互联网+渔业”,不断优化渔业产业结构。 相似文献
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海水养殖装备智能化发展是提高渔业生产率,实现渔业现代化的重要途径。文章着重介绍了国外海水养殖智能投饵装备前沿研究,对比分析了国内海水养殖智能投饵装备研究现状,发现国内在海水养殖智能投饵装备研究过程中出现了养殖投饵配套设备研究相对滞后,已研发的投饵装备智能化程度低,新型智能化投饵装备的研发理念和设计技术落后、研发与市场需求脱节的问题。针对出现的问题,文章提出了加强海水养殖投饵配套设施的研发力度,开发投饵控制软件和养殖管理系统,研制智能化水平高、与养殖户需求相匹配与的投饵装备的建议,为今后我国海水养殖智能投饵装备的研究方向提供参考价值。 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2005,29(4):331-338
Efficient management of natural resources requires that the least cost fishers operate in a fishery. Information economics tells us that firms have information about their costs that governments cannot readily acquire, and that we need to ensure this information is revealed in order to allocate access efficiently. Auctions can achieve this, and simultaneously collect resource rent to give industry ongoing efficiency motivation. This paper highlights the relevance of information economics in fishery management, and identifies some specific auction design issues relevant to allocating new aquaculture sites. 相似文献
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文章针对海洋渔业由于过度捕捞造成渔业资源枯竭的问题,提出了一种基于海洋遥感(ORS)、全球定位系统(GPS)和海洋地理信息系统(MGIS)等高新技术的海洋捕捞与海水养殖监管系统设计方案,可以远程自动对海洋渔业区域的水质多参数信息和养殖环境视频信息进行综合采集、传输及监控,也可以自动采集传输渔船RFID身份识别信息、渔船AIS自动识别信息、渔船GPS定位信息和捕捞生产视频信息等,并通过海洋精细渔业专家系统ES进行渔业养殖监控、渔业环境资源监测评估、渔船船数和功率数控制和海洋捕捞生产渔情监测等。该系统可以实现海洋渔业精细化捕捞和海洋渔业精细化养殖,促进海洋渔业可持续发展。 相似文献
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《Ocean & Coastal Management》2006,49(9-10):546-561
Much of Southeast Asia's economic success is based on the under-priced export of valuable natural resources. Nowhere is this more evident than in fisheries—an important commodity in Southeast Asia, with significant export volumes contributing to the foreign exchange earnings of these countries.Existing fisheries and aquaculture policy development have lead to increased export earnings over the last decade, but have also resulted in increased extraction rates and incurred huge costs in terms of decreased local economic productivity and destruction of natural coastal resources. What is worrying is that Southeast Asian governments intend to further stimulate the export of fishery products, in particular shrimp from aquaculture, thereby increasingly threatening both domestic food security and the economic opportunities of local communities.This paper argues that: (1) current fisheries management and development policies are not contributing to domestic food security, are not profitable to the Southeast Asian macro-economy, and are doing much damage to coastal ecosystems and rural poor communities; (2) development of shrimp aquaculture has a negative impact and further expansion of the industry should be halted; (3) the considerable fisheries resources of the region should be used and managed to ensure domestic food security and economic development of the presently marginalized sectors of the population.Five recommendations that will help ensure sustainable use of coastal resources and deliver profits to the countries and communities that depend on these resources are made at the end of the paper. 相似文献
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本研究选取海洋渔业固定资产投资额、海洋渔业劳动力数量、海洋捕捞生产率和海水养殖生产率4个变量,提出影响因素假设;选取我国沿海地区海洋渔业的面板数据,进行模型设定和数据检验。通过确定变截距固定效应的回归模型形式,对模型进行估计和分析,结果表明:海洋渔业固定资产投资额、海洋渔业劳动力数量和海水养殖生产率与海洋渔业经济呈正相关,影响度由大到小依次为劳动力因素、资本因素和生产率因素,而海洋捕捞生产率的影响基本不显著;各地区海洋渔业经济发展程度不一,且差距明显。在此基础上,提出促进我国海洋渔业经济发展的对策建议:加强专业人才集聚;提高资本投入,完善资本市场建设;提高海水养殖生产率,数量和品质兼备;推动区域一体化联动发展。 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2017
The global aquaculture sector has grown continuously over the past 40 years, though unevenly among countries. Differences in factors such as inputs, climate, management, technology, markets, social environment, and institutions might be reasons for the disparities in growth. This study focuses on institutions, by analyzing the relationship between annual growth in the production of the major aquaculture countries and the quality of their institutions over three decades (1984–2013). Based on an ex-ante set of criteria, seventy-four aquaculture countries from five different regions - Africa, the Americas, Asia, Europe and Oceania - were selected. Annual percentage change in total aquaculture production, in terms of quantity and value, was used as a proxy for sector development. Three indices - governance, corruption, and competitiveness - were used as institutional quality proxies. Empirical results suggest that the aquaculture growth did not significantly correlate with the quality of institutions. By region, Africa had the fastest growth in the aquaculture sector, though from a low base, with 7.35% and 9.28% higher annual percentage change in aquaculture quantity and value respectively, than the Asian region. While, the European region experienced significantly lower annual percentage change in aquaculture quantity, a difference of 3.78% compared to the Asian region. Furthermore, the study found that total aquaculture production was not positively correlated with eco-label certification. The study is concluded by discussing the “aquaculture paradox.” 相似文献