共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
综合岩心观察、薄片鉴定、砂砾岩厚度及百分含量等资料,对东营凹陷北带沙四段砂砾岩的沉积特征、成因类型及沉积演化模式进行了系统研究。结果表明,东营凹陷北带沙四段砂砾岩储层中块状层理、粒序层理、平行层理、叠覆冲刷构造、交错层理发育,同时变形构造、泥岩撕裂屑、重荷模和火焰构造常见。碎屑颗粒表现为无分选-中等分选、棱角状-次棱角状到次圆状的近物源沉积特征。岩相类型以块状层理砾岩相、递变层理砾岩相、递变层理砂质砾岩相、交错层理砾质砂岩相、平行层理砾质砂岩相、块状层理砾质砂岩相、块状砂岩相、平行层理砂岩相、块状层理砂岩相、变形层理砂岩相、泥质撕裂变形砂岩相、薄层透镜状或压扁层理砂岩相为主。综合古地貌、砂砾岩沉积特征及沉积机制等,认为东营凹陷北带沙四段主要发育近岸水下扇、湖底扇和扇三角洲等成因类型的砂砾岩扇体。在沉积演化上,沙四下亚段沉积时期,胜坨地区和民丰地区发育近岸水下扇沉积,利津地区发育扇三角洲沉积,扇体规模较小,横向连续性较差;沙四上亚段沉积时期,胜坨地区和民丰地区广泛发育近岸水下扇-湖底扇沉积,利津西部地区发育扇三角洲沉积,扇体规模较大,横向连片发育。 相似文献
2.
Mrinal Kanti Roy Syed Samsuddin Ahmed Tapas Kumar Bhattacharjee Sultan Mahmud Md. Moniruzzaman Md. Masidul Haque Sudip Saha Md. Ismail Molla Pulin Chandra Roy 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2012,80(3):409-419
The Dupi Tila Formation is composed of yellow to light brown medium to very fine moderately hard to loose sandstone, siltstone, silty clay, mudstone and shale with some conglomerates with clasts of petrified wood. The lithofacies of matrix supported conglomerate, trough cross bedded conglomerate, massive sandstone, trough cross bedded sandstone, planar cross bedded sandstone, ripple cross laminated sandstone-siltstone, flaser laminated sandstone-shale, lenticular laminated sandstone-siltstone-shale, parallel laminated sandstone-siltstone, wavy laminated shale, parallel laminated blue shale, and mudstone are delineated within this formation. Based on the grain size, sedimentary structures, water depth and genesis of individual facies, facies are grouped into three types of facies associations like (i) coarse-grained conglomerate facies association in relation to tractive current deposits of alluvial fan set up at the base of litho-succession (FAC), (ii) medium to fine-grained sandstone-siltstone-mudstone facies association or facies association in relation to strong tide (FAT) characterizing the middle part of litho-succession, (iii) very fine-grained sandstone-siltstone-mudstone facies association in relation to less frequent weak tide or heterolithic facies association (FAHL) characterizing upper part of litho-succession and shallow marine facies association (FASM) composing the uppermost litho-succession. Presence of gluconite indicates that the depositional environment was shallow to deep marine. The dominant paleoflow direction during the deposition of Dupi Tila Formation was toward southeast to southwestern direction. The rivers were of braided type at the piedmont alluvial depositional set up at the lower part, which later changed to estuarine-tidal flat type environmental set up in the middle part to upper part and paleo-environment was shallow marine in the uppermost part. 相似文献
3.
The Lower Cretaceous (Albian) upper Blairmore Group is part of a thick clastic wedge that formed adjacent to the rising Cordillera in south-western Alberta. Regional transgressive intervals are superimposed on the overall regressive succession. Alluvial conglomerates, sandstones and mudstones were deposited in east-north-eastward draining fluvial systems, orientated transverse to the basin axis. Five facies associations have been identified: igneous pebble conglomerate, thick sandstone, interbedded lenticular sandstone and mudstone, thick mudstone with thin sandstone interlayers, and fossiliferous sandstone and mudstone. The facies associations are interpreted as gravelly fluvial channels, sandy fluvial channels, sand-dominated floodplains, mud-dominated floodplains, and marine shoreline deposits, respectively. Five types of palaeosols are recognized in the upper Blairmore Group based on lithology, the presence of pedogenic features (clay coatings, root traces, ferruginous nodules, slickensides, carbonate nodules) and degree of horizonization. The regional distribution of the various types of palaeosols enables a refinement of the palaeoenvironmental reconstruction permitting an assessment of the controls on floodplain evolution. In source-proximal areas, palaeosol development was inhibited by high rates of sedimentation. In source-distal locations, poor drainage resulting from high watertables, low topography and lower rates of sedimentation also inhibited palaeosol development. The best-developed palaeosols (containing Bt horizons) occur in intermediate alluvial plain positions (tectonic hinge zone) where the floodplains were most stable due to a balance between sedimentation, erosion and subsidence rates. Extrapolating from the upper Blairmore Group suggests that the tectonic hinge zone of continental foreland basins can be established by palaeosol analysis. At the hinge zone, soil development is controlled primarily by climate and tectonics and their effect on sediment supply, whereas closer to the palaeoshoreline, relative sea level fluctuations, resulting in poor drainage, may have a more significant influence. 相似文献
4.
The Uhangri Formation forms part of the Cretaceous sedimentary sequence deposited in a series of inland basins in the south-western Korean Peninsula. It comprises an approximately 400-m-thick epiclastic sequence of conglomerate, (gravelly) sandstone, cherty mudstone and black shale. The entire sequence can be represented by 16 distinctive sedimentary facies organized into four facies associations. Facies association I is characterized by thick homogeneous brownish siltstone, wedge-shaped disorganized conglomerate and thinly interlayered gravelly sandstone units. The siltstone units were formed by large floods submerging the alluvial fan fringe (floodplain), whereas the conglomerate and gravelly sandstone units were deposited by sheetfloods and debris flows. Facies association II consists of stratified conglomerate — gravelly sandstone, laminated sandstone and sandstone/siltstone couplets which form fining-upward cycles. Some facies units are low-angle trough cross-bedded and show broad channel geometries. This association represents subaqueous delta lobes fed by high- and low-concentration turbidity currents in the distal delta realm. Facies association III is characterized, by wedged conglomerate and gravelly sandstone facies with interfingered massive sandstone bounded by scoured bases. It represents a delta front where distributary channels and mouth bars are dominant. Facies association IV consists of laterally continuous sequence of laminated black shale, crudely stratified sandstone and convoluted sandstone/cherty mudstone. This facies association is suggestive of depositional processes controlled by chemical equilibrium resulting from an interaction between density inflows and lake water. The cherty mudstone resulted from inorganic precipitation from siliceous solution provided by acidic volcanism. The Uhangri sequence generally shows a fining-upward trend with a transition from alluvial fan fringe, coarse-grained subaqueous delta, to shallow lake. The retrogradation was probably due to continuous subsidence related to continental rifting in the oblique-slip mobile zone. 相似文献
5.
浙江众多中小型白垩纪盆地中,分布着河湖相红色沉积岩夹火山岩的白垩系上部地层。作者对位于浙江省金华地区永康市和义乌市境内的2条剖面进行了研究,即金衢盆地早白垩世晚期至晚白垩世早期的铜山岩中戴组剖面和永康盆地早白垩世晚期的方岩景区方岩组剖面,认为其主要为冲积扇沉积,具有多套沉积旋回的陆相碎屑岩准层序组,沉积特征表现为:下部紫红色块状砾岩、砂砾岩,夹泥质粉砂岩,局部有紫红色凝灰岩及深灰色玄武岩;上部棕褐色钙质粉砂岩与泥质粉砂岩组成不等厚互层,产恐龙化石Chilantaisaurus zhejiangensis;具有大型交错层理等沉积构造。其中扇根亚相的砂砾岩为槽流沉积和辫流水道沉积,扇中亚相的片状或席状砂岩为漫流沉积,漫流成因的片状或席状砂岩可能成为良好的油气储集体。此研究成果对中国南方小盆地白垩系扇根—扇中碎屑岩的沉积特征及其成因分析具有重要意义。 相似文献
6.
江西龙虎山地区以发育老年期丹霞地貌为特色,其成景地层为晚白垩世河口组红层,目前对这套红层的沉积相认识程度还比较低。龙虎山仙人城景区河口组出露厚度达百余米,沉积构造发育,且人工开凿的台阶可以直达山顶,这为沉积相分析提供了便利条件。根据野外露头岩性组成、沉积构造等特点,识别出6种岩相单元:无沉积构造砾岩、正粒序层理砾岩、逆粒序层理砾岩、平行层理砾岩、含砾砂岩、古土壤。砾石统计结果表明,砾石粒径范围主要为3~4 cm,最大可达12.5 cm,成分以紫红色凝灰岩为主,砂岩、花岗岩和石英次之、变质岩（主要是片岩）较少,磨圆度主要为次棱角状,其次为棱角状。在显微镜下,砂岩碎屑颗粒主要呈棱角-次棱角状,分选性较差,粒径为0.05~2.00 mm,主要由石英、长石和岩屑组成,总体具有结构和成分成熟度中等偏低的特点。野外露头宏观和室内显微分析结果表明,仙人城丹霞地貌的成景地层为河流主导的冲积扇沉积体系的产物。在龙虎山地区,丹霞地貌的空间分布与盆地冲积扇沉积相的平面展布具有较好的一致性,盆地边缘冲积扇成因的厚层砾岩为后期丹霞地貌的形成和演化提供了物质基础。 相似文献
7.
Luis A. Spalletti 《Geological Journal》1993,28(2):137-148
The Sierra Grande Formation (Silurian-Early Devonian) consists of quartz arenites associated with clast supported conglomerates, mudstones, shales and ironstones. Eight sedimentary facies are recognized: cross-stratified and massive sandstone, plane bedded sandstone, ripple laminated sandstone, interstratified sandstone and mudstone, laminated mudstone and shale, oolitic ironstone, massive conglomerate and sheet conglomerate lags. These facies are interpreted as shallow marine deposits, ranging from foreshore to inner platform environments. Facies associations, based on vertical relationships among lithofacies, suggest several depositional zones: (a) beach to upper shoreface, with abundant plane bedded and massive bioturbated sandstones; (b) upper shoreface to breaker zone, characterized by multistorey cross-stratified and massive sandstone bodies interpreted as subtidal longshore-flow induced sand bars; (c) subtidal, nearshore tidal sand bars, consisting of upward fining sandstone sequences; (d) lower shoreface zone, dominated by ripple laminated sandstone, associated with cross-stratified and horizontal laminated sandstone, formed by translatory and oscillatory flows; and (e) transitional nearshore-offshore and inner platform zones, with heterolithic and pelitic successions, and oolitic ironstone horizons. Tidal currents, fair weather waves and storm events interacted during the deposition of the Sierra Grande Formation. However, the relevant features of the siliciclastics suggest that fair weather and storm waves were the most important mechanisms in sediment accumulation. The Silurian-Lower Devonian platform was part of a continental interior sag located between southern South America and southern Africa. The Sierra Grande Formation was deposited during a second order sea level rise, in which a shallow epeiric sea flooded a deeply weathered low relief continent. 相似文献
8.
通过对研究区露头、岩性、测井等特征的研究,将柴达木盆地新近纪上下油砂山组划分出5种重要的沉积相类型：冲积扇相、河流相、扇三角洲相、三角洲相、湖泊相,并进行详细描述。依据单因素分析多因素综合画图的方法论,做出上下油砂山组沉积相平面展布图。沉积相带是控制储层特征和分布的基本因素。结合沉积相带图,划出油砂山组储集相带,有利储集相主要是三角州前缘砂体,冲积扇-扇三角洲分流河道砂体,浅湖滩坝;主要分布在沙西、乌南、咸水泉、月牙山、红沟子、阿尔金斜坡带,而碱山地区的储集相带发育较差。 相似文献
9.
10.
The Rotliegend beds of the middle of the Kusel Group to the middle of the Lebach Group in the Saar-Nahe Basin are characterized by sedimentary sequences which developed in streams, deltas, and lakes. The stream sequences consisting of cross-stratified sandstone units are attributed to braided fluvial environment. The lake-delta sequences usually show gradual transition from lacustrine mudstones to delta-front cross-stratified sandstones and to floodbasin, crevasse and overbank sandstones and mudstones. Loaded high-intensity flows occasionally result in deformation- and erosion-structures. Low-energy lacustrine sedimentation is evident from paper-shales and massive mudstones. The mudstones alternate with cross-laminated sandstones where influenced by terrigenous influx. 相似文献
11.
在野外地质调查、岩芯描述和测试分析的基础上,对通化盆地亨通山组的沉积相类型、沉积环境及演化进行研究,识别出冲积扇、扇三角洲、水下扇、浅湖-半深湖和火山机构5个沉积相类型,并分析了沉积相展布特征。根据孔隙度、渗透率和压汞分析,确定亨通山组储层发育的岩性,包括砾岩、砂岩、粉砂岩、凝灰质砂岩、凝灰岩和凝灰熔岩,确定储层为特低孔-低孔、超低渗透储层。研究认为亨通山组储层发育的有利沉积相为水下扇相和火山岩相。原生孔隙发育,保证了石油注入时的条件。后期受到较大的埋深、火山物质和成岩改造,虽然有一定的溶蚀孔隙出现,但原生孔隙破坏和大量的黏土矿物生成,堵塞了吼道,导致储层物性差。 相似文献
12.
利用数十口井的电性、岩性及分析化验资料，将柴达木盆地西部地区古近纪与新近纪沉积相划分为七种相和亚相：洪积锥、水下冲积扇、河道和泛滥平原、滨湖、浅湖、较深湖和三角洲。沉积相的空间展布概括起来分为三大带：（1）阿尔金山前西段陡坡带洪积锥-水下冲积扇-扇三角洲-河道和泛滥平原-湖相 (2)阿尔金山前中段陡坡带洪积锥-水下冲积扇-湖相；（3）昆仑山前洪积锥-河道和泛滥平原-三角洲相。沉积相不仅影响着碎屑岩的成分和结构，而且也影响其物性与含油性。由洪积锥到水下冲积扇，到河道和泛滥平原，到三角洲，到湖相，石英和胶结物含量逐渐升高，岩屑和杂基含量逐渐降低，分选及磨圆变好，颗粒的粒级变细。浅层以河道和泛滥平原及三角洲相的物性最好，深层以三角洲相的物性最好，次为冲积扇，湖相最差。碎屑岩的油气富集以河道、泛滥平原和三角洲相最好，滨浅湖相油气富集最差。 相似文献
13.
利用野外露头、地震、测井和分析化验等资料,对盆地古近系始新统那读组和百岗组进行层序地层和沉积相研究。那读组和百岗组可划分为3个Ⅲ级层序,9个体系域,那读组那三段构成层序Ⅰ,那读组那二段和那一段构成层序Ⅱ,百岗组构成层序Ⅲ。层序Ⅰ和层序Ⅱ是盆地断陷期沉积,发育冲积扇相、河流相、三角洲相、扇三角洲相、深湖亚相和滨-浅湖亚相。层序Ⅱ湖泊沉积范围广,厚度大,厚层的湖相暗色泥岩是盆地主要烃源岩和区域性盖层。层序Ⅲ是盆地坳陷期的沉积,发育冲积扇相、扇三角洲相、河流相、三角洲相和滨-浅湖亚相。盆地中古近系沉积经过了洪积或冲积扇、河流三角洲→湖泊（扇三角洲）→河流的发育过程,反映了盆地从初期形成→扩张→萎缩的完整的演化序列。在层序Ⅰ和层序Ⅱ的低水位体系域,田东凹陷的中央断凹、南部次凹和那笔凸起的北部断鼻等区带发育长轴分布的河流三角洲砂岩,这些砂岩处于烃源岩成熟区,油气成藏条件优越,是河道岩性油藏勘探的有利区。在层序Ⅱ湖侵体系域和高水位体系域,北部陡坡发育扇三角洲砂体,与烃源岩指状交叉接触,有利于油气运聚成藏,容易形成大量上倾尖灭岩性油藏。 相似文献
14.
15.
晋中盆地是位于汾渭地堑系中部的新生代陆内断陷沉积盆地,研究晋中盆地第四纪的沉积序列对于进一步认识该盆地区域构造和区域气候环境变化具有重要意义。为查明晋中盆地第四纪沉积序列结构、研究揭示晋中盆地第四纪沉积环境及演化,通过构造岩相学方法,对晋中盆地地表和钻孔内第四纪沉积物和沉积环境进行了研究。结果表明:晋中盆地清徐地区地表第四纪沉积序列结构为盆地内部沱阳组河床相和河漫滩相-盆地边缘汾河组河流相—盆山过渡带峙峪组河流相、汾河组冲积扇相及马兰组风积相-基岩山地（盆地外围）二叠系浅海相。钻孔岩芯内第四纪沉积序列结构为下更新统浅湖相和滨湖相—中更新统浅湖相和河流相—上更新统河流相和冲积扇相—全新统冲积扇相。研究认为晋中新生代陆内断陷盆地内沉积序列和演化结构为早更新世陆相湖盆沉积环境—中更新世萎缩湖泊环境—晚更新世强烈萎缩的湖泊和河流环境—全新世再度沉降的陆相湖盆;陆相湖盆从中心向山地沉积环境分带为湖泊沉积环境—河流和湖泊沉积环境—冲积扇沉积环境（盆地边缘出山口区）。盆山过渡带地区上更新世沉积物错位现象与同沉积活动断裂有关,断裂活动性揭示了晋中盆地阶梯式断陷成盆的动力学机制。这些研究成果为区域气候环境变化和晋中盆地区域构造研究提供了新证据,也为太原市城市群建设中工程场址的选择提了供参考。 相似文献
16.
The Lower Freshwater Molasse (Untere Susswasser Molasse) crops out over a wide area of the Swiss Molasse Basin. Coarse grained alluvial fan conglomerates dominate in proximal basin areas along the Alpine front. These conglomerates pass northwards into sandstones and mudstones of an extensive northeastward draining meandering river system which ran parallel to the basin axis. Sedimentological study of outcrops, quarry exposures and boreholes in the basal Miocene (‘Aquitanian‘) has permitted detailed facies analysis of this distal alluvial sequence. The distal Aquitanian is made up of distinct ‘architectural elements’characterized by their geometries and sedimentary structures. Each may be assigned to a particular depositional setting: meander belt, levees, crevasse channels and splays, overbank fines and palaeosols, and lacustrine. Meander belt sandstones were deposited in mixed load channels with a dominant bedload component. Sandstones commonly comprise amalgamated and locally stacked ribbon bodies 2–15 m thick and 150–1500 m wide. Interbedded rippled, laminated and mottled fine grained levee sandstones and siltstones form lenticular packages up to 3 m thick and 30–100 m across. Small scale crevasse channel sandstones 2–4 m thick and 5–10 m across pass laterally into metre scale, medium to fine grained crevasse sandstone sheets. Rare laminated lacustrine siltstones occur only in the north-east part of the basin. Floodplain mudstones and marls make up the remainder of the succession. These display a variety of pedogenic features recording cyclical palaeosol development. Palaeosols show strong variations in morphology and maturity both laterally across the floodplain and downstream along the basin axis, reflecting local variation in aggradation rate associated with proximity to alluvial channel courses as well as regional variation in subsidence and floodplain drainage. Analysis of the organization and distribution of the various sediment bodies permits reconstruction of the fluvial system and allows development of a model for the sedimentary architecture of the Lower Freshwater Molasse in the study area. Integration of palaeosol studies into a well defined architectural framework assists recognition of areal facies belts and may aid location of sand-prone sequences in the subsurface. 相似文献
17.
鄂尔多斯盆地白垩系洛河组至环河华池组沉积相特征研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
通过研究构造背景、野外露头、岩性组合、沉积构造、古生物特征和测井曲线特征,分析和总结鄂尔多斯盆地白垩系洛河组至环河华池组沉积相、相带分布范围和沉积特征。洛河组主要沉积了冲积扇相、风成沉积相、辫状河相和沙漠相;而在环河华池组主要沉积了湖相、三角洲相、曲流河相及风成砂岩夹层。平面上沉积相带的变化规律性较强,由盆地边缘的冲积相、冲积—河流相砾岩向盆内渐变为河流相—滨浅湖—半深湖相泥岩。沉积特征受构造运动影响和沉积相带控制,洛河组是从山缘向盆地内砂岩厚度迅速变薄、尖灭;环河华池组岩性变化表现为北粗南细、东粗西细,在北部砂体呈现东薄西厚,东北向西南增厚,在南部砂体呈近南北向展布,东薄西厚,南薄北厚。 相似文献
18.
二连盆地吉尔嘎朗图凹陷是一个陆相断陷聚煤盆地,下白垩统赛汉塔拉组是其主要含煤地层,作者利用岩心、钻孔资料对其岩相类型、沉积相、层序地层及聚煤作用特征进行研究。(1)赛汉塔拉组主要由砂砾岩、砂岩、粉砂岩、泥岩、碳质泥岩及厚层褐煤组成,发育扇三角洲平原相、扇三角洲前缘相、辫状河三角洲平原相、辫状河三角洲前缘相、滨浅湖相,分别属于扇三角洲沉积体系、辫状河三角洲沉积体系和湖泊沉积体系。(2)识别出2种层序界面:不整合面和下切谷冲刷面,将赛汉塔拉组划分为2个三级层序。从层序Ⅰ到层序Ⅱ,煤层厚度逐渐增大,聚煤作用逐渐增强。(3)在滨浅湖环境下厚煤层主要形成于湖侵体系域早期,在扇/辫状河三角洲环境下厚煤层主要形成于湖侵体系域晚期,煤层厚度在凹陷中部最大,向西北和东南方向均变小。聚煤作用明显受基底沉降作用影响,可容空间增加速率与泥炭堆积速率相平衡,从而形成了区内巨厚煤层。 相似文献
19.
综合钻井、测井和古生物等资料,依据沉积学基本原理和方法,对济阳坳陷沾车地区古近纪东营组沉积相特征及空间展布进行研究。结果表明：沾车地区东营组发育冲积扇相、曲流河相、三角洲相、扇三角洲相、辫状河三角洲相、湖泊相、滩坝和湖底扇8种沉积相,以湖泊相为主。东营组三段盆地持续下陷,深湖相、滨浅湖相发育,沉积范围广。东营组二段湖盆重新开始抬升,湖水收缩,沉积范围缩小,沉积相以滨浅湖相为主,伴有小规模的扇三角洲及滩坝沉积。东营组一段湖盆继续抬升,沉积范围进一步缩小,主要为冲积扇河流沉积,凸起边缘发育一系列的冲积扇。 相似文献
20.
辽西义县盆地义县组底部沉积相与沉积环境分析 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
辽西义县盆地下白垩统义县组底部发育有马神庙、老公沟两个沉积层。马神庙沉积层从下至上可以划分出6个沉积亚层,其下部复成分砾岩沉积层为干旱气候条件下形成的洪（冲）积扇底部沉积相、洪（冲）积扇上的山洪冲槽充填相;中部为复成分砾岩夹凝灰质沉积层;顶部被中基性的火山岩覆盖。老公沟沉积层下部是以泥质粉砂岩为主的滨浅湖相、洪（冲）积扇向湖盆过渡的季节性河流作用形成的粗砂岩—含砾粗砂岩沉积相;顶部为一套滨浅湖相的膨润土化粉砂岩—膨润土—碳酸盐岩沉积岩石组合。义县盆地演化初期气候干旱,盆地边缘地势起伏较大,盆地边缘形成洪（冲）积扇、扇面上发育洪槽充填沉积作用,洪（冲）积扇向湖盆过渡区存在季节性河流;老公沟顶部湖泊相沉积指示受区域季节性变化的半干旱、频繁火山作用影响下,湖盆水深频繁波动的古地理、古气候的沉积特征。义县组底部沉积相表现了该盆地边缘向中心横向上的洪（冲）扇、季节性河流和湖泊沉积的三相发育的古地理特征。 相似文献