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冀东地区元古宙多金属硫铁矿矿床地质及其成矿作用 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
通过对冀东地区元古宙多金属硫铁矿床成矿构造环境背景、喷气沉积岩地球化学以及矿床中大量矿化嗜热微生物的发现与研究 ,以及采用分子生物学对沉积记录中的生物标志物的研究。得知冀东地区多金属硫铁矿的形成主要由海底喷气沉积与嗜热微生物富集成矿作用所致。运用海底喷气成矿热流体活动 嗜热微生物吸附与新陈代谢 多金属硫铁矿床形成的成矿理论 ,指导该区硫铁矿找矿工作已见成效。 相似文献
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黄铁矿叠层石丘堆式沉积与块状硫化物的富集作用 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
通过对黄铁矿叠层石组构、成分、微量元素、硫同位素、分子生物标志物与产出的构造环境背景的研究可知 ,黄铁矿叠层石的形成是通过沿同生断裂上升喷溢入海的热流体长期脉动作用 ,构成栖息在热水喷口与热液丘堤周围的嗜热微生物群落生存的食物链基础 ,使嗜热微生物围绕热水喷口繁殖的结果。沿同生断裂上升喷溢入海的热流体长期脉动过程中不断吸附、富集成矿元素 ,并将海水中的硫酸盐还原为H2 S。微生物吸附的Fe2 + 与S2 -作用 ,形成黄铁矿叠层石。微生物群落在热水喷口与丘堤附近不均衡发展 ,产生了成矿带内块状硫化物矿床中的黄铁矿叠层石丘堆。这种黄铁矿叠层石丘堆体是寻找富矿的显著标志 ,具有重要的成因与找矿意义 相似文献
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冀东高板河锌、硫铁矿矿床中的微生物蔗与矿床成因 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3
冀东高板河锌、硫铁矿矿床容矿岩石具有热水沉积岩的地球化学特点，而沿特定层位、一定的岩性分布的层状矿体，也证明该矿床具有热水沉积成因。作者在近年的工作中，于高板河矿床的硫铁矿层，发现呈席状产出的黄矿细球菌。丰富多彩的生物结构从一个侧面证实了该矿床中存在生物成矿作用。因此，高板河锌、硫铁矿床是海底热水沉积和微生物成矿双重作用的结果。 相似文献
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本文通过笔者实际考察资料及国内外学者研究资料,综合分析了叠层石与沉积矿产关系的研究现状,探讨了叠层石和造叠层石底栖微生物群落对铁、铜、多金属、磷、锰等矿产的成矿作用。叠层石可以概括为直接的和间接的两种成矿作用:①叠层石为容矿体,其本身就是一种矿石类型;②叠层石不含矿,其岩礁为矿的间隔体。后者是一种金属硫化物避开叠层石岩礁而在礁侧沉积成巨大的富矿模式。 相似文献
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本文通过笔者实际考察资料及国内外学者研究资料,综合分析了叠层石与沉积矿产关系的研究现状,探讨了叠层石和造叠层石底栖微生物群落对铁、铜、多金属、磷、锰等矿产的成矿作用。叠层石可以溉括为直接的和间接的两种成矿作用:①叠层石为容矿体,其本身就是一种矿石类型;②叠层石不含矿,其岩礁为矿的间隔体。后者是一种金属硫化物避开叠层石岩礁而在礁侧沉积成巨大的富矿模式。 相似文献
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豫西南泥湖矿田钼钨及铅锌银矿床地质特征及其成矿机理探讨 总被引：26，自引：1，他引：26
豫西南泥湖钼钨铅锌银矿田位于华北克拉通南缘金堆城—南泥湖钼钨多金属成矿带的东部。在矿田内除了早期探明的斑岩—夕卡岩型钼钨矿床和夕卡岩型多金属硫铁矿床外,最近几年又在其外围发现了热液脉型铅锌银矿床,它们在空间上呈规律性分布。成矿流体及硫、铅同位素研究表明:钼钨及多金属硫铁矿床与铅锌银矿床为同一成矿系统的产物,成矿流体主要来源于岩浆水,晚期有大气水加入,成矿物质和花岗斑岩一起源于下地壳。年代学研究表明:钼钨铅锌银大规模成矿作用发生在140 M a左右,形成于中国东部构造体制大转换晚期的岩石圈伸展环境。其成矿机理为:在华北克拉通南缘由于俯冲的扬子板片可能发生断离,软流圈物质通过板片断离窗上涌,幔源岩浆在壳幔边界附近发生底侵作用,诱发碰撞加厚的下地壳部分熔融形成含矿的花岗质岩浆,沿NNE向断层与EW向的断层交汇处上升并在较高的构造层次上侵位,形成花岗斑岩体以及钼钨矿床、多金属硫铁矿床及铅锌银矿床。 相似文献
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黔中晚震旦世微生物岩及其磷的富集 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
我国南方晚震旦世广泛发育有包括叠层石、层纹石和核形石等组成的微生物岩, 其中以叠层石最为普遍; 黔中地区的磷质叠层石总体上以层礁产出为特点, 其中的藻类微生物化石已被确定的有丝状和球状两大类共１７ 个种属, 而细菌微生物参与成岩成矿作用的证据也常能见到。微生物岩中的磷质主要富集在叠层石的柱体部位, 特别是富集在柱体的富藻纹层中; 从微生物的矿化特点看, 其成矿作用可分为直接的和间接的两种不同机制的类型。与同期形成的碳酸盐叠层石相比, 磷质叠层石, 无论在种类的多样性或发育程度上都显得丰富多彩得多, 这可能与磷质叠层石所处的有利环境, 特别是对营造叠层石的微生物的生长所需的富磷水介质环境密切相关。 相似文献
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Black smoker chimneys and biological vent communities have been identified at many sites on the deep seafloor, particularly along oceanic spreading centers. We report the largest and oldest known, microbe-rich sub-meter-sized black smoker chimneys and mounds from a 1.43 billion-year old sulfide deposit in a continental graben in northern China. These chimneys are especially well preserved, with characteristic morphology, internal textures and internal cylindrical mineralogical zonation. Four main types of chimneys are distinguished on textural and mineralogical criteria, exhibiting either Zn–Fe-sulfide or Pb–Zn–Fe-sulfide internal cylindrical mineralogical zones. The chimneys mark vent sites in submarine grabens indicating focused flow-venting processes. The fossil chimneys have mineralogical and geological evolutionary features similar to their counterparts on the modern seafloor and other submarine hydrothermal vents. Black smoker vent fluids and seafloor tectonism played important roles for formation of the massive sulfide deposits in the Mesoproterozoic.We also report the first known, remarkably diverse assemblage of fossil microbialites from around and inside Precambrian vent chimneys, demonstrating that Proterozoic life flourished around submarine hot vents and deep within the chimney vent passages. Filamentous, spherical, rod, and coccus-shaped fossil microbes are preserved preferentially on sulfide precipitates. Based on the depth and setting of the fossil biota, the organisms that produced the microbialites were likely sulfate-reducing chemosynthetic and thermophyllic microbes. Textural and mineralogical evidence shows that biomineralization processes enhanced chimney growth and sulfide precipitation.Close association of microorganisms with sulfide chimneys in modern deep-sea hydrothermal vents and younger ophiolites has sparked speculation about whether life may have originated at similar vents. However, little is known about fossil equivalents of vent microfossils and black smoker chimneys from Earth's early evolution. The fossilized microorganisms from the Gaobanhe black smoker chimney sulfide deposits include thread-like filaments with branching and twisted forms and preserved organic carbon, representing fossilized remnants of microbial mats metabolized at high temperatures characteristic of venting fluids. The preservation of fossil microorganisms provides evidence that microbial populations were closely associated with black smoker chimneys in Earth's early history. The microbial population clearly constitutes the site for mediating mineral formation. These ancient microbial fossils lead to a much better understanding of early life on the deep seafloor. The discovery of the Mesoproterozoic microfossils within black-smoker hydrothermal chimneys indicates that hydrothermal activity around sea-floor vents supported dense microbial communities, and supports speculation that vent sites may have hosted the origin of life. 相似文献
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XIA Xuehui LIU Changtao LI ZhongmoGeological Institute for Chemical Minerals Zhuozhou Hebei 《《地质学报》英文版》2000,74(3):529-533
Pyritic stromatolite, a rich pyrite ore, is scattered as reef masses in sedex deposits of the Proterozoic Yanshan rift trough. The pyritic stromatolite consists of a core and alternating concentric rims of light colloidal pyrite and dark organic materials. The concentric rims are cemented together by trichomes highly similar to the trichomic microorganisms inhabiting substantively around the black chimneys on the current sea beds while the core is composed chiefly of groups of thermophilous sulphur bacteria. Biomarkers for the molecules of pyritic stromatolite include pristane, phytane, regular isoprenoids paraffin, methyl-heptadecyl, and so on. This study reveals the existence of methane-yielding bacteria in the pyritic stromatolite and reflects the evolution of thermophilous thallophyta.Long pulsation of mineralizing thermal solutions venting up along contemporaneous faults in rift troughs contributed greatly not just to the reproduction of thermophilous organisms living around the vents, but to their 相似文献
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在研究多金属硫化物矿床的特点,分析以往矿床勘查中确定矿石密度值难点的基础上,通过建立矿石密度值与矿石各组分的多元线性回归数学模型,预测矿床的矿石密度值。 相似文献
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扬子克拉通北缘神农架地区中元古界神农架群叠层石十分发育。该群下部乱石沟组中叠层石类型丰富,根据形态可分为柱状、穹状、层状叠层石以及锥状、层柱状、包心菜状、墙状叠层石和叠层石丘等。研究区叠层石以中小型为主,少数为大型和巨型;多数无壁,部分具单层壁;对称性和继承性由好到一般,部分较差。研究表明,叠层石的形态和规模,与水动力条件、水体深度及陆源组分含量关系密切,其中层状叠层石主要发育于潮间带上部,柱状叠层石产于潮间带下部和浅潮下带,穹状叠层石出现在潮间带和潮下带,锥状叠层石多见于潮间带下部和潮下带,层柱状、锥柱状叠层石则集中于潮间带,叠层石丘位于潮间带和潮下带。依据各类型叠层石宏观和微观特征、垂向组合类型、沉积构造及沉积岩相相互关系,并结合碳、氧同位素测试结果,综合研究认为: 虽然叠层石的形成受生物和环境等多重因素影响,但生物因素主要影响叠层石的微观组构,水动力条件则控制叠层石的宏观形态类型,水体深度影响叠层石的规模;另外,生物繁盛、陆源物质供给少的环境更有利于叠层石发育。 相似文献
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中元古代晚期浅海高能沉积环境中的海绿石:以天津蓟县剖面铁岭组为例 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
海绿石是一种富钾、富铁的含水层状铝硅酸盐矿物,在沉积学领域常被作为一种普遍的指相矿物。多年研究的结果表明,现代海绿石主要形成在慢速、弱还原的较深水环境中,而且还可以作为"凝缩段"的识别标志之一。天津蓟县剖面中元古界铁岭组第二段灰岩中的海绿石,产在高能叠层石岩礁之中,主要以胶体形式富集在叠层石和均一石的边界上,代表较为典型的原地海绿石;较高的氧化钾含量(大于8%)而显示出高成熟海绿石的特点。很明显,铁岭组二段灰岩中的原地高成熟海绿石,不但不能作为"凝缩段"的识别标志,而且也不是长时间地层间断的产物。由于形成在正常高能浅海环境,而且处于中元古代末期,与现代沉积中的海绿石存在较大的差异,可能代表了中元古代末期的正常浅海还处于含氧量不够充分的弱还原状态,最终使铁岭组灰岩中的海绿石成为前寒武纪海绿石产出的一个典型代表,也间接的表明了在漫长的地质历史演变过程中海绿石产出的多样性特点。 相似文献
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HE Jurui WANG Aiguo RUI Xingjian LI Chunhai Nanjing Institute of Geology Mineral Resources Nanjing Jiangsu 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(2):375-379
In the Precambrian System of the Yangtze and Cathaysian plates six ore-bearing formations can be identified: the Cu-Pb-Zn-bearing formations in volcanic rocks of marine facies of the Neoarchean-Paleoproterozoic, Cu-Au-bearing formations and Pb-Zn-bearing formations in volcanic rocks of marine facies of the Mesoproterozoic, Pb-Zn-bearing formations in volcaniclastic rock and carbonate rock of the Neoproterozoic, Fe-Mn-bearing formations in the volcaniclastic rock of the Neoproterozoic, and Ni-Cr-serpentine-bearing formations in ophiolite and ultrabasic rock of the Meso- and Neoproterozoic. They were mostly formed in the marginal rift valleys of the Yangtze and Cathaysian plates, where occur stratabound and stratiform ore deposits, thermal deposits and porphyry polymetallic deposits. The six regions with ore-bearing formations have good prospects for ore deposits. 相似文献
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叠层石被广泛认为是地球上的一些最古老的生命痕迹,是研究地球早期生命的重要窗口。作为前寒武纪地层中的唯一常见化石,可以作为地层对比的标志,特别是中、新元古代盆地间的地层对比。青海省中祁连地层分区东岔沟村花石山群克素尔组以白云质碳酸盐岩组合为主,赋存大量叠层石。依据曹瑞骥和袁训来总结的分类方法,在研究区识别出9种不同的叠层石属,分别为：Baicalia、Chihsienella、Anabaria、Tielingella、Conicodomenia、Tungussia、Colonnella、Stratifera和Cryptozoon。研究区叠层石组合与中元古界上部蓟县系铁岭组叠层石组合具有明显的可比性,与国内其他地区的中元古代晚期—新元古代早期叠层石组合也有很强的相似性,据此推测花石山群克素尔组的年代大致为中元古代晚期。青海叠层石的报道将为我国和世界范围内中、新元古代叠层石的分布提供新产地的数据,常见叠层石属、种的垂直分布延限也有新的化石证据,对提升地层对比的精度具有重要意义。 相似文献
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J. Schieber 《Mineralium Deposita》1990,25(1):7-14
Extensive horizons of pyritic shale occur in Mid-Proterozoic sediments of the eastern Belt basin, Montana, U.S.A. These pyritic shales are of striped appearance. Laminated pyrite beds alternate with nonpyritic shale beds. Laminated pyrite beds have wavycrinkly internal laminae and are interpreted as mineralized microbial mats. Pyrite is essentially the only sulfide mineral in these shales. Pyritic shale horizons occur along the basin margins, and it is feasible that colloidal iron was introduced by rivers into basin marginal lagoons and then incorporated into microbial mats and reduced to pyrite. The pyritic shales in the Newland Formation show great similarity to those that host the Pb-Zn deposits of Mt. Isa and McArthur River. It is suggested that pyritic shales of this kind are relatively common in Mid-Proterozoic shales, and that the processes that led to the occasional formation of Pb-Zn ore bodies in these shales are not related to those that formed the pyritic shales themselves. 相似文献
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V N Sergeev A H Knoll S P Kolosova P N Kolosov 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》1994,2(1):19-33
Silicified shallow-water marine carbonate deposits of the Proterozoic Debengda Formation (the Olenek Uplift, northeastern Siberia) contain well preserved microfossils. One or two distinct assemblages consists only of filamentous Siphonophycus microfossils, which are presumably the extracellular sheaths of hormogonium cyanobacteria. The other is dominated by coccoidal microfossils, first by the entophysalidacean cyanobacterium Eoentophysalis. The coccoidal assemblage was recognized in the layered carbonate precipitate structures of a superficially stromatolite appearance. Despite its simple composition, the microfossil assemblage supports the generally accepted Mesoproterozoic (middle Riphean) age of the Debengda Formation. This conclusion corresponds to the available data on isotopic geochronology, and to the composition of columnar stromatolites from the Dehengda Formation. Both the structural features and carbon isotopic composition of its rocks are comparable to those of rocks of known Mesoproterozoic age, but differ from the characteristics of definitely Neoproterozoic deposits. 相似文献