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1.
新型海洋硫酸多糖DPS对大鼠脑缺血的保护作用   总被引:3,自引:3,他引:3  
采用开颅机械闭塞法阻断大鼠大脑中动脉(Middle cerebral artery occlusion,MCAO)造成大鼠局灶性脑缺血模型,观察了DPS(D-polysaccharide sulfate)对MCAO大鼠局灶性脑缺血的保护作用。结果发现,iv DPS剂量分别为20、40mg/kd于术后30min静脉注射,能明显缩小MCAO24h造成的脑梗塞范围,减少脑水含量,但对神经功能障碍无明显的改善效果,同时DPS具有抑制血小板聚集、减少血栓素(TXA2)生成和提高A(Ⅲ)(AntithrombinⅢ)活性的作用。提示DPS可通过抗凝抗血小板聚集、减少TXA2释放来发挥其抗脑缺血的作用。  相似文献   

2.
新型抗脑缺血海洋新药989作用机理的初步探讨   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
研究了新型抗脑缺血海洋药物 989对血小板聚集的影响。结果发现 ,989静脉注射可明显抑制胶原和花生四烯酸诱导的大鼠血小板聚集 ,对动脉血栓和静脉血栓的形成均有明显抑制作用 ;并能延迟激光致小鼠肠系膜微血栓出现时间及降低花生四烯酸致小鼠肺栓塞的死亡率。提示989的抗脑缺血作用与其抑制血小板聚集和粘附有关。  相似文献   

3.
目的:采用肾血管性高血压大鼠模型(两肾一夹型)观察海洋硫酸多糖DPS对肾血管性高血压大鼠的降压作用.方法:(1)急性降压实验:DPS分别以1.56, 3.13, 6.25, 12.50, 25.00 mg/kg剂量单次舌下静脉注射给药,给药前后以颈总动脉插管法测定大鼠动脉血压和心率.(2)口服预防给药实验:在肾血管性高血压大鼠造模第二天起DPS以12.50 , 25.00,50.00 mg/kg口服预防给药五周,每日给药一次.于给药前、给药后第三周和第六周分别以尾动脉测压法测定大鼠动脉血压和心率.血管紧张素转化酶卡托普利(14 mg/kg)作为口服预防给药实验阳性对照药.结果:在急性降压实验中,DPS能够显著降低肾血管性高血压大鼠的收缩压和舒张压且其降压强度呈剂量依赖性,在降压的同时伴有心率减慢.DPS口服预防给药五周,能够呈剂量依赖性防止肾血管性高血压大鼠的收缩压和舒张压升高,且DPS 50.00 mg/kg的降压效果与卡托普利14 mg/kg相当.结论:海洋硫酸多糖DPS对肾血管性高血压大鼠的有良好的降压作用.  相似文献   

4.
目的:证实麻杏石甘汤对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的发热模型大鼠的解热作用,探究其解热机制及其对大鼠脑组织硫化氢(H22S)/胱硫醚-β-合成酶(CBS)体系的影响。方法:将50只无特定病原体(SPF)SD大鼠随机分为空白组、对照组(蒸馏水)、阿司匹林组(0.125 g/kg阿司匹林肠溶片)、麻杏石甘汤低剂量组(3.125 g/kg麻杏石甘汤)、麻杏石甘汤高剂量组(6.250 g/kg麻杏石甘汤),每组各10只。连续灌胃5 d,末次灌胃1 h后,各给药组予以腹腔注射20 μg/kg LPS溶液诱导大鼠出现发热模型,空白组予以等剂量0.9%氯化钠注射液。记录造模后5 h内大鼠肛温的变化情况。末次体温测量后,腹腔注射3%戊巴比妥钠麻醉大鼠,经腹主动脉收集血液,通过酶联免疫法(ELISA)检测血清白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、细胞干扰素-α(IFN-α)的水平;取大鼠脑组织,运用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(RT-qPCR)测定脑组织中胱硫醚-β-合成酶(CBS)、硫化氢(H22S) mRNA的表达。结果:与对照组比较,麻杏石甘汤低、高剂量组具有良好的解热效果,且麻杏石甘汤低、高剂量组均能抑制发热大鼠血清中IL-1β、TNF-α的表达,麻杏石甘汤高剂量组能抑制发热大鼠血清IFN-α的表达,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。麻杏石甘汤低、高剂量组CBS、H22S mRNA的含量较对照组显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:麻杏石甘汤具有良好的解热作用,其机制可能与减少血清中炎症因子的释放有关;同时麻杏石甘汤能降低发热模型大鼠脑组织中CBS、H22S mRNA的表达,并可能发挥了其对脑组织的保护作用。  相似文献   

5.
采用肾血管性高血压大鼠模型 (两肾一夹型 )观察海洋硫酸多糖 DPS对肾血管性高血压大鼠血清中一氧化氮 (NO)和血浆中血管紧张素 II(Ang II)及内皮素 - 1(ET- 1)含量的影响。 DPS在肾血管性高血压大鼠造模第二天起分别以 12 .50 ,2 5.0 0 ,50 .0 0 mg/ kg口服预防给药五周 ,每日给药一次。于给药前、给药后第三周和第六周分别测定动脉血压和心率。实验结束前 ,从每只大鼠取血 6 m L ,用试剂盒测定血清中 NO的含量 ;用放射免疫法测定血浆中 Ang II和 ET- 1的含量。血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂卡托普利 (14mg/ kg)作为本实验阳性对照药。结果 :DPS口服预防给药五周 ,可显著增加血清中 NO的含量和降低血浆中 ET- 1的含量 ,且呈剂量依赖性 ;DPS亦能降低血浆中 Ang II的含量 ,但未见剂量依赖性。结论 :海洋硫酸多糖 DPS对肾血管性高血压大鼠的降压作用机制可能与其促进体内 NO生成或释放、降低 AngII和 ET- 1的含量有关  相似文献   

6.
目的:研究蠲痹历节清方对高尿酸血症模型大鼠的干预作用及机制。方法:将60只雄性SD大鼠随机分为空白组,模型组,苯溴马隆组,蠲痹历节清方低、中、高剂量组,每组各10只。采用连续8d氧嗪酸钾100 mg/kg腹腔注射和次黄嘌呤500 mg/kg灌胃的方法复制高尿酸血症大鼠模型。实验第4天给予造模剂30 min后,各组分别予对应治疗药物干预,连续5 d。检测各组血尿酸(SUA)、血肌酐(SCr)和血尿素氮(BUN)含量,并观察肾脏组织病理变化。结果:与空白组比较,模型组大鼠SUA、BUN升高(P<0.05),肾脏病理改变明显,提示造模成功;与模型组比较,蠲痹历节清方低、中、高剂量组SUA、BUN均降低,且随着剂量升高,SUA水平下降越明显(P<0.05),各给药组大鼠肾脏组织病理改变较模型组均有不同程度的改善;各组SCr水平组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:蠲痹历节清方有明显的降尿酸作用,可改善模型大鼠肾脏组织病理损伤,保护肾功能,且降尿酸作用与肾损伤的治疗效果随着给药剂量的增加而越显著。  相似文献   

7.
目的:观察芹黄素对脑缺血再灌注损伤沙土鼠脑保护作用及炎症反应的影响。方法:采用双侧颈总动脉夹闭手术法建立脑缺血再灌注损伤沙土鼠模型,将其随机分为模型组、尼莫地平组(2 mg/kg)、芹黄素组(40 mg/kg)、假手术组,建模前1周开始腹腔注射给药,再灌注6 h内记录各组神经症状并做卒中评分,再灌注6 h后以免疫组化法测定脑组织海马CA1区核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)的表达。结果:芹黄素组和尼莫地平组脑缺血再灌注损伤沙土鼠的卒中评分、脑部海马CA1区NF-κB,与模型组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);与假手术组脑部极低的NF-κB表达相比,模型组沙土鼠海马CA1区NF-κB表达明显升高(P<0.01)。结论:芹黄素可抑制核转录因子的激活,调控炎症因子表达,减轻脑部炎症反应,实现对脑缺血再灌注损伤沙土鼠的脑保护作用。  相似文献   

8.
研究保健食品—排铅奶粉 (L ead Excreting Milk Powder,LEMP)对实验性铅中毒大鼠的粪铅和血铅含量的影响。 1)大鼠饮服 0 .2 %乙酸铅水溶液染毒 ,共三周 ,造成轻度实验性铅中毒后 ,改饮 0 .0 2 %乙酸铅水溶液维持 ,口服 L EMP5、10、15g/ kg连续观察 10 d。结果表明 ,与对照组比较能明显增加粪铅含量 (P<0 .0 1) ,抑制血铅升高 (P<0 .0 1) ,有效地阻止大鼠对铅的吸收。 2 )大鼠饮服 0 .3%和 0 .6 %乙酸铅水溶液 ,造成重度铅中毒后 ,在脱离毒源的情况下 ,口服 L EMP10 g/kg,连续观察 15d。结果表明 ,与对照组比较 ,实验组能显著降低血铅浓度 (P<0 .0 1) ,显示出较好的体内驱铅效果。  相似文献   

9.
根据2011年8月福建东山湾12个站位表层沉积物中5种重金属含量调查,探讨了它们的分布趋势、相互关系、影响因素,并运用潜在生态风险指数法对重金属污染进行风险评价.结果表明,该海域表层沉积物中重金属Cu含量变化范围在5.53~22.40 mg/kg之间,平均值为15.10 mg/kg;Pb含量变化范围在28.9~42.6 mg/kg之间,平均值为35.0 mg/kg;Zn含量变化范围在34.8~133.9 mg/kg之间,平均值为95.9 mg/kg;Cd含量变化范围在0.031~0.078 mg/kg之间,平均值为0.059 mg/kg;Cr含量变化范围在19.2~91.8 mg/kg之间,平均值为62.5 mg/kg.重金属含量的分布呈现湾顶(3、11号站)高、湾外(7号站)低的格局;沉积物中有机质对重金属含量的分布起着重要作用;重金属Cu、Zn和Cr的含量随着沉积物粗颗粒组分(63~2 000μm)含量的增大而降低,成负相关关系(p〈0.05);Cr的含量随着粘土组分(〈1μm)含量的增大而增大,成正相关关系(p〈0.05).除了湾顶3号站Cr(含量为91.8 mg/kg)以外,其他重金属元素含量均符合《海洋沉积物质量》一类标准;各元素潜在生态危害系数Ei r大小顺序为Cd〉Pb〉Cu〉Cr〉Zn,所有站位重金属潜在生态危害指数RI均远小于90,属低度生态风险,表明东山湾沉积环境基本良好.  相似文献   

10.
目的:评价清热散结胶囊干浸膏重复给药4周对SD大鼠的长期毒性。方法:选取检疫合格的SD大鼠120只,按性别、体质量随机分为溶媒对照组及清热散结胶囊干浸膏低剂量(29.0g生药/kg)、中剂量(55.7g生药/kg)、高剂量(111.3 g生药/kg)组,每组各30只,按15 ml/kg经口灌胃给药,1次/d,连续给药4周,并经4周停药恢复,评价受试药物对大鼠体质量、平均摄食量、血液学、凝血、血生化、脏器系数、各阶段主要背景性病理改变及发生情况等指标的影响。结果:清热散结胶囊干浸膏对大鼠体质量、平均摄食量、血液学、凝血、血生化、脏器系数等指标均无明显影响(P>0.05),组织病理学检查未见与受试药物相关的病理改变。结论:清热散结胶囊干浸膏重复给药4周,无明显损害作用剂量(NOAEL)为111.3 g生药/kg(相当于60 kg成人临床拟用剂量的94倍,等效剂量的17倍),大鼠未见明显毒性反应,可能与处方中千里光的原药材控制以及产品的提取生产工艺有效控制了产品中吡咯里西啶生物碱类有毒成分的含量有关。研究结果显示,清热散结胶囊的NOAEL剂量与临床拟用量具有较大的间距,提示临床应用时安全范围大,临床使用安全性风险小。  相似文献   

11.
苯并芘对褐菖鲉肝细胞DNA交联的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
张景智  陈荣  李东晓 《台湾海峡》2010,29(4):446-451
以褐菖鲉(Sebastiscus marmoratus)为实验材料,设定苯并芘[B(a)P]的注射剂量梯度分别为0.00、0.05、0.50、5.00 mg/kg,分别于实验的第0、3、6天对每一条鱼进行腹腔注射,于第1、4、7天取样,测定胆汁中的B(a)P及其代谢物含量.采用荧光检测法检测B(a)P染毒后褐菖鲉肝细胞DNA-DNA交联(DDC)交联系数的变化,并用KC l-SDS沉淀法检测DNA蛋-白质交联(DPC)交联系数的变化.结果表明:(1)经注射染毒后鱼体胆汁中的B(a)P及其代谢物含量蓄积程度存在着明显的剂量效应和时间效应;(2)B(a)P的注射剂量分别为0.05、0.50 mg/kg时各时间点褐菖鲉肝细胞DDC交联系数均无显著增大(p〉0.05),在5.00 mg/kg剂量组,随着时间延长DDC交联系数逐渐增大,第4天即有显著差异(p〈0.05),第7天差异极显著(p〈0.01);(3)B(a)P诱导DPC的趋势与DDC类似,但0.5 mg/kg剂量组在第7天DPC交联系数即出现显著增大(p〈0.05).这表明B(a)P对DPC的诱导高于DDC.这为进一步研究B(a)P的遗传毒性提供了依据,并为探讨B(a)P致癌的作用机理提供了新的信息.  相似文献   

12.
王斐  彭淇  吴彬  谭亦珍  杨芳  冯健 《海洋与湖沼》2014,45(4):879-885
采用传统养殖试验方法研究了日粮中添加叶黄素与角黄素对瓦氏黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus vachelli Richardson)体色的影响。实验设计了11组等蛋白质(42.6%)、等能量(18.5MJ/kg)的实用试验日粮,在试验日粮中分别添加0、25、50、100、200mg/kg叶黄素和25、50、100mg/kg叶黄素与25、50mg/kg角黄素,对照组为野生瓦氏黄颡鱼。结果表明,实验结束时(60d),试验3、8、9日粮组(添加50mg/kg叶黄素、50mg/kg叶黄素+25mg/kg角黄素、50mg/kg叶黄素+25mg/kg角黄素)鱼体体色与对照组鱼(野生瓦氏黄颡鱼)体色相似,试验3、8、9组鱼皮肤中叶黄素含量与对照组鱼差异不显著(P0.05)。本实验认为,在日粮中添加叶黄素对瓦氏黄颡鱼的着色效果明显较角黄素好,是养殖瓦氏黄颡鱼饲料的适宜添加色素。在瓦氏黄颡鱼的饲料中叶黄素的建议添加量为50mg/kg。  相似文献   

13.
The effects on ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), NADPH-cytochrome c reductase and NADH cytochrome b5 reductase activities of digestive gland in Meretrix meretrix exposed to tributyltin (TBT) at environmental levels (0.1,1.0, 10.0 ng/dm3 as stannum concentration), in experimental condition, were evaluated. The EROD, NADH cytochrome b5 reductase activities were significantly inhibited after exposure to 10.0 ng/dm3 TBT for 8 and 20 d, the NADPH cytochrome c reductase activities were significantly inhibited after exposure to 0.1,1.0 and 10.0 ng/dm3 TBT for 8 d and to 1.0 and 10.0 ng/dm3 for 20 d, as compared with the matched control, while NADH cytochrome b5 reductases and NADPH cytochrome c reductase activities were induced after exposure to 10.0 ng/dm3 TBT for 2 d. The EROD activity in the 10 ng/dm3 group, and the NADH cytochrome b5 reductases activities in 1.0 and 10.0 ng/dm3 groups, were significantly induced when transferred to clean recovery tanks for 7 d. The three enzymic activities in the clams exposed to TBT were recovered to the level corresponding to that of the control group after transfer to clean recovery tanks for 20 d. NADPH cytochrome c reductase activity in Meretrix meretrix seems to be more sensitive to exposure of TBT than that of the EROD and NADH cytochrome b5 reductases. The results suggest that induction and inhibition by TBT to the monooxygenase system enzymic activity in Meretrix meretrix would simultaneously exist. The enzymic activities were inhibited by exposure for a long time. The results suggest that inhibition of the monooxygenase system should be an indication of the exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of TBT for a long time.  相似文献   

14.
The effects on ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), NADPH-cytochrome c reductase and NADH cytochrorne b5 reductase activities of digestive gland in Meretrix meretrix exposed to tributyltin (TBT) at environmental levels (0.1,1.0,10.0 ng/dm as stannum concentration),in experimental condition, were evaluated. The EROD, NADH cytochrorne b5 reductase activities were significantly inhibited after exposure to 10.0 ng/dm^3 TBT for 8 and 20 d, the NADPH cytochrorne c reductase activities were significantly inhibited after exposure to 0.1,1.0 and 10.0 ng/dm TBT for 8 d and to 1.0 and 10.0 ng/dm for 20 d, as compared with the matched control, while NADH cytochrorne b5 reductases and NADPH cytochrome c reductase activities were induced after exposure to 10.0 ng/dm^3 TBT for 2 d. The EROD activity in the 10 ng/dm^3 group,and the NADH cytochrome b5 reductases activities in 1.0 and 10.0 ng/dm groups, were significantly induced when transferred to clean recovery tanks for 7 d. The three enzymic activities in the clams exposed to TBT were recovered to the level corresponding to that of the control group after transfer to clean recovery tanks for 20 d. NADPH cytochrome c reductase activity in Meretrix meretrix seems to be more sensitive to exposure of TBT than that of the EROD and NADH cytochrome b5 reductases. The results suggest that induction and inhibition by TBT to the monooxygenase system enzymic activity in Meretrix meretrix would simultaneously exist. The enzymic activities were inhibited by exposure for a long time. The results suggest that inhibition of the monooxygenase system should be an indication of the exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of TBT for a long time.  相似文献   

15.
于红  吕锐  张学成 《海洋科学》2008,32(1):38-40
采用MTT法(四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法)研究了钝顶螺旋藻多糖(PSP)对Hela细胞及HepG2细胞生长的抑制作用。结果表明,随PSP浓度及培养时间的增加,肿瘤细胞存活率逐渐降低,抑制率逐渐增加,以PSP40 mg/L作用72 h最为显著。应用Annexin V/PI双染色流式细胞仪检测了早期Hela细胞凋亡,未经PSP处理的正常Hela细胞凋亡细胞极少,经PSP处理的细胞,凋亡细胞的百分比明显高于正常对照组,其作用随着剂量的增加和时间的延长而增强,具有量效关系和时效关系。结果说明PSP的抗肿瘤机制,除了诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,还存在细胞毒性等其他机制,是多种机制共同作用的结果。  相似文献   

16.
Previous experiments demonstrated that exposure of mummichog to cadmium (Cd) in combination with benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) caused a higher mortality than would be expected from simple additive effects. Experiments are described here that investigated whether BaP exposure inhibits the induction of metallothionein (MT), a major detoxifying protein for Cd, or if reactive BaP metabolites compete with Cd for binding sites on MT. Fish were injected with or without BaP (18 mg/kg) in combination with a low (1 mg/kg) or high (3.2 mg/kg) dose of Cd, and in one treatment BP was dosed 4 days after Cd. The results showed a rapid induction of MT to 1.5 mg/g wet weight liver, 1 day after injecting the low Cd dose. Simultaneous BaP exposure significantly delayed the induction of MT, for both low and high Cd doses, and BaP temporarily lowered the induced MT concentration when dosed 4 days after induction by Cd. To test if binding of BaP metabolites to MT reduces the detoxification potential for Cd, microsomes of CYP1A-induced fish were incubated with MT and radiolabeled BaP. Active metabolism of BaP was observed by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis, but no association of BaP metabolites with MT was found. Neither could this be demonstrated in vivo, in liver MT isolated from mummichog dosed with 3H-BaP and Cd. These results suggest that increased toxicity of Cd in combination with BaP exposure is likely to be caused by inhibited MT synthesis, rather than by interference of BaP metabolites with Cd binding on MT.  相似文献   

17.
In teleost sPeCies, it is well accepted that estradiol--l75 (E2 )is generated from ovarian fOl-licles stimulated by pituitary gonadOtropins (GTH) (Nagahama, l987). FUrthermore, E2 canstimulate hepatic vitellngenesis and elevate plasrna yOlk protein precursor vite1lOgenin, totalCa and W levels in several teleosts (KorSgaard and Petersen, l976, l978; Whiteheadet al., l978; Elliott et al., l979; Pertersen et al., l983; Wallace, 1985; tapigliati etal., 1999). On the other hand, many stud…  相似文献   

18.
在13℃条件下,采用单剂量灌服的方法给黑鲪100mg/kg体重的磺胺甲噁唑(SMZ),以HPLC法测定黑鲪肌肉中的药物浓度,用DAS2.0药物代谢动力学分析软件处理药时数据,结果表明:在13℃条件下,黑鲪单次灌服SMZ的药动学房室模型符合无时滞的二房室模型,分布半衰期t_(1/2α)为5.947h,消除半衰期t_(1/2β)为12.882h,达峰时间T_(max)为8h,峰值C_(max)为40.880μg/g.经过71d的代谢,肌肉中的药物含量下降到无公害食品中所规定的<0.1mg/kg鱼体重.  相似文献   

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