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中国城市投资环境竞争力动态分析与评估 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在阐述城市投资环境研究意义的基础上,建立了城市投资环境竞争力的评价指标体系.运用主成分分析法和聚类分析法,以1997,2003,2005年为研究本底年,对全国35个主要城市投资环境竞争力进行了动态分析与评估.结果表明:中国城市投资环境竞争力总体水平不高且具有明显的区域差异特征,制约投资环境竞争力的因素主要是经济和社会等软环境;按照中国主要城市投资环境竞争力的差异可分为优秀、良好、中等、差等4种类型,不同城市在不同年份其类型有所变化,但大部分类型变化不大;根据投资环境竞争力相对强度和增长强度大小可将中国主要城市投资环境竞争力演化类型分为稳步增长型、快速增长型、潜在增长型、缓慢增长型4种. 相似文献
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本文论述了美国的外国直接投资额、外国直接投资密度和外国直接投资年增长率的地区差异，并用这三个数量指标来综合评价各州投资环境的优劣，按综合得分值的高低将美国本土划分为四类区域：Ⅰ类投资环境区、Ⅱ类投资环境区、Ⅲ类投资环境和Ⅳ类投资环境区。 相似文献
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安徽省人居环境空间差异分析 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
当今世界,随着城市化、工业化的高度发展,人们的生活水平不断提高,但一系列环境问题也随之出现并严重威胁着人类的健康和生存.人居环境的建设逐步成为学术界关注的焦点与重点领域之一.笔者选取安徽省13个城市,利用主成分分析和聚类分析的方法对安徽省的人居环境进行评价,建立了人居环境综合评价指标体系.经过分析,将13个城市分为4个类型,最后根据问题提出对策. 相似文献
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赣州京九铁路沿线地区工业投资环境系统诊断与调控方略 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文运用因子分析方法,筛选了能够基本反映沿线地区工业投资环境状况的区位条件、资源赋存、基础设施、经济发展水平与活力、市场发育与要素保障和社会服务状况6类因素共32个因子及58项指标,以沿线地区范围内的7个县（市）为地域单元,对区域内部的工业投资环境差异进行了系统诊断,结果显示沿线地区工业投资环境内部不同因素之间存在较大差异,基础设施、经济发展水平与活力、市场发育与要素保障3类因素的系统差异总体上大于社会服务状况、资源赋存、区位条件3类因素,同时表明改善工业投资环境的重点所在,进而在此基础上提出了重塑工业投资环境的调控方略。 相似文献
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城市地貌环境脆弱性的综合评价探讨——以重庆市南岸区为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以重庆市南岸区为例分析人类造貌营力,即人类建筑活动对城市地貌环境的影响;引入基本建设投资强度对其导致的城市地貌环境脆弱性进行量化;选取了地形、气候、城市化水平、文盲率和基本建设投资强度对南岸区的城市地貌环境脆弱性进行综合评价, 得到南岸区6镇的脆弱性指数,并对其分类. 相似文献
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基于信息熵的海峡西岸经济区城市竞争力分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从宏观经济、社会发展与资源环境三个方面构建城市竞争力评价指标体系,并运用熵值法对海西经济区20个地市的竞争力进行综合分析.在此基础上,运用聚类分析法对海西经济区主要城市的综合竞争力进行分类,并针对各类城市竞争力的增强提出相应的对策,以强化各类中心城市的辐射能力,提升海西经济区在中国东部沿海区域经济发展中的地位,进而推动两岸经济一体化历程. 相似文献
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智慧城市可推动城市旅游功能发展,研究智慧城市的旅游便利性水平对旅游可持续发展与战略制定具有重要意义.该文基于旅游系统理论和城市便利性内涵构建旅游便利性系统,进而构建由交通便利、功能便利、环境便利和服务便利4个一级指标、13个二级指标、34个三级指标组成的智慧城市旅游便利性评价指标体系,并以中国住房和城乡建设部公布的152个智慧城市作为研究样本,采用G1法和熵权法组合赋权,对智慧城市的旅游便利性水平进行测度.结果表明:1)功能便利是影响智慧城市旅游便利性最关键的一级指标,其次是环境便利、交通便利、服务便利.2)智慧城市旅游便利性可分为高、较高、一般、较低和低5级,智慧城市间的旅游便利性差异呈现出由一般区向两极区逐渐加大的趋势,其中,高旅游便利性智慧城市匮乏,且与较高旅游便利性智慧城市形成沿"两纵一横"铁路线及沿海分布的空间格局.3)从分维度看,智慧城市的一级指标平均水平均符合其所在等级的级别标准,其中,交通和服务便利发展水平不均衡,而环境及功能便利性差异不显著,这与城市基础设施建设和发展水平密不可分.研究结果可为智慧城市旅游吸引力评价提供理论基础,并为制定智慧城市旅游可持续发展战略提供参考. 相似文献
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Two approximate methods for weighted principal components analysis (WPCA) were devised and testedin numerical experiments using either empirical variances (obtained from replicated data) or assumedvariances (derived from unreplicated data). In the first ('spherical') approximation each data vector wasassigned a weight proportional to the geometrical mean of its variances in all dimensions. Thearithmetical mean of variances was used instead in the other approximation. Both the numericalexperiments with artificial data containing random errors of various kinds (constant, proportional,constant plus proportional, Poisson) and the analysis of two sets of Raman spectra clearly indicated thenecessity of introducing statistical weights. The spherical approximation was found to be slightly betterthan the arithmetical one. The application of statistical weighting was found to improve the performanceof PCA in estimation problems. 相似文献
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Calvin A. Whealton Jery R. Stedinger Jared D. Smith Teresa E. Jordan Franklin G. Horowitz Maria C. Richards 《International journal of geographical information science》2020,34(10):2053-2076
ABSTRACT The focus of this work is general methods for prioritization or screening of project sites based on the favorability of multiple spatial criteria. We present a threshold-based transformation of each underlying spatial favorability factor into a continuous scale with a common favorability interpretation across all criteria. We compare several methods of computing site favorability and propagating uncertainty from the data to the favorability metrics. Including uncertainty allows decision makers to determine if seeming differences among sites are significant. We address uncertainty using Taylor series approximations and analytical distributions, which are compared to computationally intensive Monte Carlo simulations. Our methods are applied to siting direct-use geothermal energy projects in the Appalachian Basin, where our knowledge about any particular site is limited, yet sufficient data exist to estimate favorability. We consider four factors that contribute to site favorability: the thermal resource described by the depth to 80°C rock, natural reservoir productivity described by rock permeability and thickness, potential for induced seismicity, and the estimated cost of surface infrastructure for heat distribution. Those factors are combined in three ways. We develop favorability uncertainty propagation and sensitivity analysis methods. All methods are general and can be applied to other multi-criteria spatial screening problems. 相似文献
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EDMUND R.MALINOWSKI 《地理学报(英文版)》1988,(1)
Fisher variance ratio tests are developed for determining(1)the number of statistically significantabstract factors responsible for a data matrix and(2)the significance of target vectors projected into theabstract factor space.F-tests,developed from the viewpoint of vector distributions,are applied tovarious data sets taken from the chemical literature. 相似文献
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本文首先介绍了基于国际粮食贸易的国际主要粮食价格测定方法,并用EVIEW 软件对国际主要粮食价格数据进行数据分离,在此基础上,采用谱分析法和数理统计方法分析了1961-2009 国际主要粮食价格的时间特征,总结和分析了国际主要粮食价格变化的趋势性、周期性和波动性特征。结果表明：①国际主要粮食价格趋势性明显,随时间呈现上涨趋势;②在多种因素的影响下,国际主要粮食价格存在着多周期性。③随着全球一体化和粮食金融化趋势的不断加强,国际主要粮食
价格不稳定性也越来越强。本文研究结果对于进一步分析国际粮食价格机制有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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We address the problem of estimating the spherical-harmonic power spectrum of a statistically isotropic scalar signal from noise-contaminated data on a region of the unit sphere. Three different methods of spectral estimation are considered: (i) the spherical analogue of the one-dimensional (1-D) periodogram, (ii) the maximum-likelihood method and (iii) a spherical analogue of the 1-D multitaper method. The periodogram exhibits strong spectral leakage, especially for small regions of area A ≪ 4π , and is generally unsuitable for spherical spectral analysis applications, just as it is in 1-D. The maximum-likelihood method is particularly useful in the case of nearly-whole-sphere coverage, A ≈ 4π , and has been widely used in cosmology to estimate the spectrum of the cosmic microwave background radiation from spacecraft observations. The spherical multitaper method affords easy control over the fundamental trade-off between spectral resolution and variance, and is easily implemented regardless of the region size, requiring neither non-linear iteration nor large-scale matrix inversion. As a result, the method is ideally suited for most applications in geophysics, geodesy or planetary science, where the objective is to obtain a spatially localized estimate of the spectrum of a signal from noisy data within a pre-selected and typically small region. 相似文献
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基于科学引文索引数据库SCI-E, 检索获得2010—2014年美国海洋学研究型文献9 702篇, 在确定文献集中词频不低于40的54个高频关键词基础上, 运用共词分析法, 以SPSS 20.0为工具, 探索美国近5年海洋学研究热点。结果表明, 2010—2014年间美国海洋学研究热点集中在6大主题领域: 海洋环流动力学研究、海洋灾害研究、科学技术和方法在海洋中的应用研究、海洋初级生产力研究、海洋污染研究、海洋生物多样性研究。在此基础上, 运用社会网络分析法, 借助可视化工具Ucinet, 对6大研究主题和高频作者共现矩阵进行可视化, 揭示出各研究主题的作者团体。 相似文献
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ROBERT R.MEGLEN Department of Chemistry Laboratory for Chemometrics University of Colorado at Denver PO Box Denver CO - U.S.A. 《地理学报(英文版)》1991,(3)
Principal component analysis is used to examine large multivariate databases.The graphical approachto exploratory data analysis is described and illustrated with a single example of chemical compositiondata obtained on environmental dust particles.While the graphical approach to exploratory data analysishas certain advantages over the numerical procedures,the empirical approach described here should beviewed as complementary to the more robust treatments that statistical methodologies afford. 相似文献
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WINDOW FACTOR ANALYSIS:THEORETICAL DERIVATION AND APPLICATION TO FLOW INJECTION ANALYSIS DATA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
EDMUND R.MALINOWSKI 《地理学报(英文版)》1992,(1)
Window factor analysis(WFA)is a self-modeling method for extracting the concentration profiles ofindividual components from evolutionary processes such as flow injection,chromatography,titrationsand reaction kinetics.The method takes advantage of the fact that each component lies in a specificregion along the evolutionary axis,called the‘window’.Theoretical equations are derived.The methodis used to extract the concentration profiles and spectra of seven bismuth species from data obtained byGemperline and Hamilton,who injected bismuth perchlorate into a flowing stream of hydrochloric acid. 相似文献
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Images can contain chemical information and many chemical methods can generate image data. For anefficient extraction of chemical data from images, data analysis techniques are necessary, It is a greatadvantage to be able to work on multivariate images. Many imaging techniques allow the extraction ofchemical information. Inorganic analytical chemistry seems to have the longest tradition here, butorganic chemistry and biochemistry may soon be catching up. Also large data arrays from non-imagingtechniques can be combined with image analysis in a useful way, provided certain conditions are fulfilled. 相似文献