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The multi‐objective land allocation problem is to optimize the selection of land for different uses based on a set of decision objectives. For most applications, a geographical information system (GIS) is either absent or loosely coupled through file exchange. In this article the evolutionary algorithm (EA), a heuristic solution method for optimization problems, is integrated with a raster GIS to form a spatial decision support system (SDSS) for multi‐objective conservation reserve design. The SDSS effectively combines the functions of a GIS for data management, analysis, and visualization, with the optimization capability of the EA; and provides a uniform way to solve conservation reserve design problems with different types of constraints and objectives. The SDSS is demonstrated through application to the creation of conservation reserves in Bolivia to protect 17 endemic mammals. 相似文献
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《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(3):249-261
Many land allocation issues, such as land-use planning, require input from extensive spatial databases and involve complex decision-making. Spatial decision support systems (SDSS) are designed to make these issues more transparent and to support the design and evaluation of land allocation alternatives. In this paper we analyze techniques for visualizing uncertainty of an urban growth model called SLEUTH, which is designed to aid decision-makers in the field of urban planning and fits into the computational framework of an SDSS. Two simple visualization techniques for portraying uncertainty—static comparison and toggling—are applied to SLEUTH results and rendered with different background information and color schemes. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the two visualization techniques, a web-based survey was developed showing the visualizations along with questions about the usefulness of the two techniques. The web survey proved to be quickly accessible and easy to understand by the participants. Participants in the survey were mainly recruited among planners and decision-makers. They acknowledged the usefulness of portraying uncertainty for decision-making purposes. They slightly favored the static comparison technique over toggling. Both visualization techniques were applied to an urban growth case study for the greater Santa Barbara area in California, USA. 相似文献
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本文讨论了SDSS的概念和基本理论,以决策支持为目标,面向半结构化和非结构化问题,用模型驱动的SDSS,是GIS未来的发展方向。在技术上用C语言实现了SDSS支撑软件的设计,并应用于国家科技攻关课题“三川河流域区域治理与开发信息系统”,取得了良好效果;同时对SDSS开发中存在问题作了讨论。 相似文献
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空间决策支持系统开发平台及其应用实例 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
空间决策支持系统（Ｓｐａｔｉａｌ Ｄｅｃｉｓｉｏｎ Ｓｕｐｐｏｒｔ Ｓｙｓｔｅｍ ＳＤＳＳ）作为在地理信息系统（ＧＩＳ）和决策支持系统（ＤＳＳ）基础上发展起来的一个新光科学技术领域,自本世纪８０年代中后期后来,在国内外已引起越来越广泛的关注和重视。通过大量文献的分析表明：对这种系统目前尚有许多不同的理解和认识。作者认为只有那些能够帮助决策者生成、比较和选择空间决策方案的信息系统才能纳入ＳＤＳＳ的范 相似文献
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Arif Wismadi Mark Zuidgeest Mark Brussel Martin van Maarseveen 《Journal of Geographical Systems》2014,16(1):19-48
To determine whether the inclusion of spatial neighbourhood comparison factors in Preference Modelling allows spatial decision support systems (SDSSs) to better address spatial equity, we introduce Spatial Preference Modelling (SPM). To evaluate the effectiveness of this model in addressing equity, various standardisation functions in both Non-Spatial Preference Modelling and SPM are compared. The evaluation involves applying the model to a resource location-allocation problem for transport infrastructure in the Special Province of Yogyakarta in Indonesia. We apply Amartya Sen’s Capability Approach to define opportunity to mobility as a non-income indicator. Using the extended Moran’s I interpretation for spatial equity, we evaluate the distribution output regarding, first, ‘the spatial distribution patterns of priority targeting for allocation’ (SPT) and, second, ‘the effect of new distribution patterns after location-allocation’ (ELA). The Moran’s I index of the initial map and its comparison with six patterns for SPT as well as ELA consistently indicates that the SPM is more effective for addressing spatial equity. We conclude that the inclusion of spatial neighbourhood comparison factors in Preference Modelling improves the capability of SDSS to address spatial equity. This study thus proposes a new formal method for SDSS with specific attention on resource location-allocation to address spatial equity. 相似文献
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土地利用优化配置是解决土地资源供需矛盾、协调社会经济发展与生态保护的重要技术手段,也是土地资源可持续利用需要解决的关键问题之一。随着空间模拟和智能优化技术的发展,土地利用优化的理论基础和方法体系也在不断更新。在文献计量的基础上,系统总结了国内外土地利用优化配置的驱动理论和方法,重点分析了空间模拟优化模型和智能寻优模型在土地利用优化配置建模应用中的进展和存在的问题,对土地利用优化配置未来的发展和面临的挑战进行了讨论和展望,提出自然与人文过程的耦合驱动、多模型的空间化协同、大数据知识挖掘方法的嵌入和数字孪生技术的支撑,应是土地利用优化配置领域下一阶段的研究方向。 相似文献
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In this study, an uncertainty analysis procedure for joint sequential simulation of multiple attributes of spatially explicit models used in geographical informational systems was developed based on regression analysis. This procedure utilizes information obtained from joint sequential simulation to establish the relationship between model uncertainty and variation of model inputs. Using this procedure, model variance can be partitioned by model input parameters on a cell by cell basis. In the partitioning, the correlation of neighboring cells is accounted for. With traditional uncertainty analysis methods, this is not possible. In a case study, spatial variation of soil erodibility from a joint sequential simulation of soil properties was analyzed. The results showed that the regression approach is a very effective method in the analysis of the relationship between variation of the model output and model input parameters. It was also shown for the case study that: (1) the uncertainty of soil erodibility of a cell is mainly propagated from its own soil properties; (2) the interactions of soil properties of neighboring cells could reduce uncertainty of soil erodibility; (3) it is sufficient for uncertainty analysis to include the nearest three neighboring cell groups; and (4) the largest uncertainty contributors vary by soil properties and location. 相似文献
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Piotr Jankowski Steven Robischon David Tuthill Timothy Nyerges Kevin Ramsey 《Transactions in GIS》2006,10(3):335-354
Collaborative spatial decision support systems (C‐SDSS) have been used to help groups of stakeholders understand data and search for opportunities at resolving local and regional decision problems in various domains including land use, trans‐ portation, and water resources. The key issue in designing an effective C‐SDSS is the anticipation of user information needs. Knowledge of user information needs can guide system designers in achieving a C‐SDSS that fits the decision process. In this paper we present a design approach that is informed by stakeholder concerns, as part of a user needs assessment. The approach is based on the premise that knowing stakeholders’ concerns can help anticipate user information needs and consequently lead to a more usable C‐SDSS. We demonstrate the approach with the example of a spatio‐temporal decision problem involving conjunctive water administration in the Boise River Basin in southwestern Idaho. The spatial dimension of the decision task involves delineating the areas of conjunctive water administration while the temporal dimension involves selecting the year in which a given area will start to be administered. We show how the elicitation of stakeholder concerns leads to functional specification of a collaborative spatio‐temporal decision support system. 相似文献
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利用不确定度的海底数字高程模型构建 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
综合考虑水深点不确定度信息和距离对格网节点的影响,提出了利用不确定度和距离联合确定权函数方法构建海底数字高程模型(DEM)。利用不确定度信息传递模型和海底DEM格网分辨率选取标准,在DEM精度和数据容量之间保持平衡,为生成多种形式、满足多种需要的海洋数字产品提供了基础。 相似文献
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This paper presents a methodology for the evaluation of land condition and for the allocation of areas requiring restoration. It is based on spatial simulation analysis and fuzzy logic. The method is demonstrated in a restoration allocation problem within a military training area in Texas. Fuzzy logic is integrated with spatial analysis through Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to make land condition assessment geographically specific. Two sources of uncertainty in Land Condition Analysis are considered in this paper. First is the uncertainty due to incomplete information on land condition. Second is the uncertainty emanating from identifying the condition of a particular parcel of land. The first is addressed by using sequential Gaussian simulation, a geostatistical tool. Erosion status is selected as the land condition factor, and uncertainty associated with it is considered in this study. Land allocation is based on fuzzy logic to reflect the continuous transition between different land conditions and the minimization of loss that is expected to occur in the case of misallocation. Various forms of loss functions are used for allocating areas in need of restoration. An important result of the study is a map showing the areas allocated for restoration. The proposed method is compared to two alternative methods with varying degrees of determinism and uncertainty. The incorporation of uncertainty led to better allocation strategies and results that are more realistic. 相似文献
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Modelling the Spatial Distribution of DEM Error 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Bruce H. Carlisle 《Transactions in GIS》2005,9(4):521-540
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长江流域水资源空间分配 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对当前水资源空间分配方法存在影响因素选择不全,权重设计主观性强,且难以适用于大尺度流域范围等问题,该文提出了一种面向长江流域的水资源空间分配模型。该模型选取了年均降雨量、地形坡度、地表植被覆盖和区域集水面积作为水资源分配的影响因子,利用相关性分析方法和AHP层次分析法优化了因子影响权重设计,实现了长江流域的水资源空间分配,并采用长江流域二级子流域的水资源量统计数据进行精度检验。实验结果揭示了长江流域水资源量在1km格网尺度的空间分布差异,表明了该文面向长江流域水资源空间分配模型的合理性和准确性。 相似文献
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建立面向区域农业可持续发展的空间决策支持系统的方法探讨 总被引：15，自引：2，他引：15
在解决诸如工业选址的空间问题时，空间决策支持系统避免了流行的商用ＧＩＳ软件在空间信息的分析评价，时空分布，预测和模拟以及决策等模型分析功能的不足，该文提出了建立ＳＤＳＳ的两种基本途径；一是利用现有ＧＩＳ与分析决策模型进行集成联结生成ＳＤＳＳ；另一种途径是自行开发具有空间数据管理和分析决策模型的一体化ＳＤＳＳ。 相似文献
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提出一种基于网络Voronoi面域图的最大覆盖选址模型及相应的粒子群优化方法,并应用于城市响应时间敏感型公共服务设施的空间优化。本文考虑设施功能沿交通网络辐射以及需求非均匀分布情形,对设施在网络连续空间上进行布局优化,选址模型采用网络Voronoi面域图划分布局设施的功能辐射域,以启发空间优化最小化重叠覆盖。模型同时顾及了设施利用率的最大化,规定设施对给定距离以内的需求实行的完全服务覆盖和对给定距离以外的需求实行随距离衰减的部分服务覆盖。本研究提出基于遗传机制和广义Voronoi图改进的粒子群算法以提高其空间优化性能,通过对南京市消防站最大覆盖空间优化实验表明,该研究取得了较为理想的结果,可应用于城市化区域应急设施最大覆盖空间优化。 相似文献
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Spatial optimization for land acquisition problems: A review of models,solution methods,and GIS support 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This article reviews the interdisciplinary research field of spatial optimization for land acquisition problems. We start with a theoretical framework to identify three categories of spatial optimization models: problems with aspatial constraints, location models, and problems with topological constraints. Exact, heuristic, and metaheuristic approaches to solving these problems are critically discussed. Tools that are available in commercial and open‐source GIS packages are reviewed from four aspects. We first survey the off‐the‐shelf support and then the development environments in these packages. A case study of the one‐center problem is used to illustrate the computational performance of different solution methods. Finally the advantages and disadvantages of current GIS data models are discussed. The article concludes with challenges and future directions for solving spatial optimization problems for land acquisition. 相似文献
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从数字高程模型(DEM)传递误差、基于中误差的DEM误差模型及其主要问题、DEM误差分布实验和DEM内插误差新认识几个方面分析了当前DEM误差研究的主要进展,用"中误差"讨论DEM传递误差是建立在测量误差传递理论基础之上的,但沿用"中误差"来讨论DEM内插模型逼近误差和DEM整体误差却缺乏理论依据。DEM误差分布的空间相关性实验对DEM中误差评价法所应具备的随机误差性提出质疑,却可以用基于逼近理论的DEM内插模型来解释,说明用逼近误差理论研究DEM内插误差的途径是正确、可行的。 相似文献
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Land use regulations are an important but often underrated legal domain. In densely populated regions such as the Netherlands, spatial plans have a profound impact on both (local) governments and citizens. This article describes our work on a ‘Legal Atlas’. Using Semantic Web technology we combine distributed geospatial data, textual data and controlled vocabularies to support users in answering questions such as: “What activity is allowed here?” Spatial norms are represented using OWL 2 in a way that enables intuitive visualisation of their effects: map‐based legal case assessment. Users can represent a (simple) case by selecting or drawing an area on the map. Given a designation for that area, the system can assess whether this is allowed or not. The same solution also enables the comparison of two or more sets of spatial norms that govern the same region. We discuss the advantages and drawbacks of a number of alternative solutions for representing and integrating metadata of spatial plans, and the representation of normative conflicts and exceptions between norms. 相似文献
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China is facing the pressures of both rapid economic development and environmental protection, and land-use allocation optimization is an important way to manage the conflicts between these pressures and to achieve sustainable development. Optimization of land-use allocation is a nonlinear multiobjective spatial optimization problem, and a purely local simulation model or global optimization model is insufficient to solve it. It is essential to bridge the gap between the two models through the combination of top-down and bottom-up approaches. This study integrates a multiagent system (MAS) that simulates the behaviors of land-use stakeholders with regard to their choices of specific locations, with a genetic algorithm (GA) that simultaneously evaluates and optimizes land-use configurations to meet various regional development objectives. The model is expected to achieve the optimization of land use in terms of the composition and spatial configuration. Caidian District, Wuhan, China, was chosen as the study area to test the model in this paper. The results show that the performance of the coupled model is superior to a pure GA model or MAS model. The optimal configuration improves on the economic output, spatial compactness, and carbon storage of the current configuration and promotes sustainable regional land-use development from the local scale to the regional scale. 相似文献