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地震动入射角度对地下结构地震响应的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
考虑土-结构接触面效应和场地初始静应力影响,基于大型商用有限元软件ANSYS和粘弹性人工边界条件,采用动力松弛法的分析思路,建立了一种地震动斜入射条件下地下结构的接触非线性动力反应分析模型和方法,并讨论了地震动入射角度对地下结构动力反应的影响。结果表明：地震波斜入射使得结构的整体反应发生明显变化;随着入射角度的增加,节点的水平向应力反应明显增大,竖向应力峰值较小,增大程度也相对较小;节点的位移峰值随输入加速度峰值的增大也有一定的变化。因此,在分析近源地震作用下的地下结构动力响应时,需要考虑地震动的非一致输入问题。 相似文献
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基于ABAQUS软件平台,建立了土-桩-高架车站结构非线性动力相互作用的整体有限元分析模型,考虑输入地震动的频谱特性,系统分析了地铁某上部高架车站结构的横向地震反应规律,给出了不同地震条件下车站结构地震横向变形、结构加速度反应和柱底动内力反应程度及其规律。结果表明：由于高架车站结构顶层质量集中较为严重,使得上层结构的动力反应明显大于下层结构,尤其是上层柱底的最大剪力和弯矩都大于下层柱底的对应值。同时,具有明显近场地震动脉冲特征的地震波更易增强结构的地震反应。分析结果能为类似轨道交通高架车站结构的地震反应分析和抗震设计提供有效的参考和指导。 相似文献
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地震动输入是大跨度桥梁地震反应分析的重要一环。从明确大跨度拱桥的临界跨度入手,探讨了大跨度拱桥地震动输入模式中的行波效应、三向输入及其地震动选取问题。基于某大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥,建立了有限元分析模型,考查了行波效应及三向地震动输入对拱关键截面内力、减隔震支座位移及粘滞阻尼器冲程的影响。结果表明:给出的大跨度拱桥临界跨度确定方法合理,行波效应对拱顶轴力有重要影响,不考虑三向地震动同时作用会明显低估大跨度拱桥的地震反应。确定大跨度拱桥地震动输入模式时需考虑行波效应与三向地震动同时输入。 相似文献
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《世界地震工程》2016,(3)
基于粘弹性人工边界条件理论,将地震动输入转化为作用于人工边界的等效荷载来实现波动的输入,利用有限元软件ADINA建立了海水-沉管隧道-海床的整体分析模型,在模型的海水与海床的交界面处设置流固耦合边界来考虑海水与海床的流固耦合动力反应,分析了地震P波斜入射作用下,不同入射角度对沉管隧道结构的动力响应的影响。结果表明:地震动的入射角度对海底沉管隧道结构的动力反应影响很大,而且入射角在某个范围内,水平向和竖向地震响应有着不同的影响程度;随着入射角度不断增大,结构在竖向的动力响应明显减小,而在水平向的动力响应是先增大后减小。因此,对海底沉管隧道进行抗震设计分析时,应该考虑地震动斜入射对结构动力响应的影响。 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动》2016,(4)
基于黏弹性人工边界理论,将地震动的输入转化为作用于人工边界的等效荷载来实现波动的输入,利用有限元软件ADINA建立了海水-沉管隧道-海床的整体分析模型,在模型的海水与海床的交界面处设置流固耦合边界来考虑海水与海床的流固耦合动力反应,分析了地震P波垂直入射作用下,海水深度、沉管隧道的埋置深度和海床土的弹性模量对沉管隧道结构地震反应的影响。结果表明:地震P波垂直入射作用下,海水深度和埋置深度对沉管隧道结构水平向与竖向的动力响应影响明显,而海床土弹性模量则影响不大。本文的分析结果可以对沉管隧道结构抗震设计方面提供参考依据。 相似文献
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考虑土-结构相互作用双层柱面网壳在多点输入下的地震反应分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
目前对于网壳结构的地震反应研究大部分仍然采用一致输入,特别是没有考虑土-结构相互作用对网壳结构的影响。本文通过对大型有限元分析软件MSC.Nastran的二次开发,用等效线性化方法考虑土体的非线性,对土体采用三维实体单元建模,并对土体在基岩面上采用地震动的多点输入,计算分析了大跨度双层柱面网壳的动力反应,并且与一致地震动输入下网壳结构的地震反应进行了对比,考察了两者之间的差异,深入分析了考虑土-结构相互作用下,双层柱面网壳结构在多点输入和一致输入下的地震反应规律,并得出了一些重要结论。 相似文献
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为实现地震作用下土-结构动力相互作用问题的有限元模拟,需要在人工边界上完成地震动的有效输入,目前工程和科研中常用的地震动输入方法有两种:波动输入方法和振动输入方法。波动输入方法的模拟精度高,但实施上相对复杂且耗时,而振动输入方法处理简单,但模拟精度较低。针对应力型人工边界提出一种在人工边界上实现地震动输入的新方法,该方法通过对土-结构有限元模型中由人工边界节点及相邻节点组成的局部子结构施加自由波场位移时程并进行动力分析,从而直接获得可实现地震波动有效输入的等效地震荷载,然后在土-结构有限元模型的人工边界节点上施加等效输入地震荷载并完成动力计算,由此完成土-结构动力相互作用问题的地震动输入和地震反应计算。与原有波动输入方法相比,新方法避免了原方法需分别计算人工边界上自由场应力和由引入人工边界条件引起的附加力,以及需要根据不同人工边界面的外法线方向确定荷载作用方向等较为复杂的处理过程,具有等效地震荷载计算简便、地震动输入过程更易于实施的特点。采用均匀弹性半空间和成层弹性半空间一维地震反应算例初步验证新方法的正确性和可靠性。 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动》2017,(2)
针对城市轨道交通常用的桥建合一高架车站结构形式的特殊性,基于Abaqus有限元软件平台,建立了土-桩-高架车站结构非线性动力相互作用的整体有限元分析模型,考虑输入地震动的频谱特性和场地类别,系统分析了场地类别和输入地震动特性对某地铁桥建合一高架车站结构横向地震反应的影响规律,给出了不同场地类别条件下高架车站结构地震横向变形特征、结构加速度放大效应和地震损伤程度等变化规律。计算结果表明:场地类别对高架车站结构地震反应的影响非常明显,尤其是当场地类别从III类变化到IV类时,其对结构地震反应各方面的影响都更为明显。同时,发现桥建合一高架车站结构站台层上的站台虽然高出站台层不多,但是其对站台层的峰值加速度放大效应尤为明显。 相似文献
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M. N. French R. L. Bras W. F. Krajewski 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1992,6(1):27-45
A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities. 相似文献
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Gtz Schroth Luciana Ferreira Da Silva Marc‐Andree Wolf Wenceslau Geraldes Teixeira Wolfgang Zech 《水文研究》1999,13(10):1423-1436
The partitioning of rain water into throughfall, stemflow and interception loss when passing through plant canopies depends on properties of the respective plant species, such as leaf area and branch angles. In heterogeneous vegetation, such as tropical forest or polycultural systems, the presence of different plant species may consequently result in a mosaic of situations with respect to quantity and quality of water inputs into the soil. As these processes influence not only the water availability for the plants, but also water infiltration and nutrient leaching, the understanding of plant effects on the repartitioning of rain water may help in the optimization of land use systems and management practices. We measured throughfall and stemflow in a perennial polyculture (multi‐strata agroforestry), monocultures of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) for fruit and for palmito, a monoculture of cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum), spontaneous fallow and primary forest during one year in central Amazonia, Brazil. The effect on rain water partitioning was measured separately for four useful tree species in the polyculture and for two tree species in the primary forest. Throughfall at two stem distances, and stemflow, differed significantly between tree species, resulting in pronounced spatial patterns of water input into the soil in the polyculture system. For two tree species, peach palm for fruit (Bactris gasipaes) and Brazil nut trees (Bertholletia excelsa), the water input into the soil near the stem was significantly higher than the open‐area rainfall. This could lead to increased nutrient leaching when fertilizer is applied close to the stem of these trees. In the primary forest, such spatial patterns could also be detected, with significantly higher water input near a palm (Oenocarpus bacaba) than near a dicotyledonous tree species (Eschweilera sp.). Interception losses were 6·4% in the polyculture, 13·9 and 12·3% in the peach palm monocultures for fruit and for palmito, respectively, 0·5% in the cupuaçu monoculture and 3·1% in the fallow. With more than 20% of the open‐area rainfall, the highest stemflow contributions to the water input into the soil were measured in the palm monocultures and in the fallow. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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M. A. Kahn 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2000,28(2):95-101
Red tide, a recurrent phenomenon has become conspicuous in several Kashmir lake ecosystems since 1991. The responsible organism (Euglena pedunculata), a rare flagellate rediscovered in the Kashmir Himalaya (Khan 1993) caused first and unprecedented red tide outbreak, constituting a maximum of 96% of resident numerical phytoplankton density in Dal Lake. At present, conflicting hypotheses exist on the generation of causal assemblage(s) imparting redness to waters: Jeeji Bai (1991) linked its origin to acid precipitation – a fallout of burning oil‐fields during the Gulf War – whilst Khan (1993) holds local factor(s) responsible. Field/experimental studies support the latter contention that the influx of untreated sewage, in unison with warm temperatures, high levels of PhAR, iron and interruption to hydrological flow‐pattern together with absence/or reduction in grazing activity created conducive environmental milieu for red tide outbreak. Dal Lake “red tide” drifted the bloom‐inoculum to other waters, including Lake Wular, where additional ecological niches were carved out, threatening the aesthetic value and biological diversity of Kashmir lakes. Ecological monitoring indicates frequent seasonal red tide occurrence in Dal Lake (including summer‐autumn event of 1998) which testifies its unabated eutrophication status. Further studies are needed on ecological adaptability and biogeographic distribution of this rare and unique red tide‐causing flagellate. 相似文献
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