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目前行人航迹推算逐渐成为室内定位研究与应用的热点。针对利用陀螺仪推算行人航向时存在较大累积误差的问题，本文提出了一种基于智能手机传感器的行人航向解算算法。该算法根据陀螺仪输出的角速度数据与手机传感器参数计算合适的阈值，实时调节PI调节器的误差补偿系数，对预处理后加速度计和磁力计数据解算的航向角进行补偿，并与陀螺仪数据互补滤波融合，得到融合后的航向角。试验基于低成本智能手机，分别在磁场强弱环境下采集手机传感器数据，对比分析本文算法与传统互补滤波算法及九轴数据融合算法在推算行人航向时的精度。试验结果表明，在室内磁干扰较强的环境下，本文算法与传统互补滤波算法、九轴数据融合算法相比定位精度分别提升了68.4%和65.9%，平均航向误差分别减小了3.4°和1.8°，验证了本文算法有较好的抗磁干扰性能，提高了行人航向角解算的可靠性。 相似文献
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一种基于改进UKF滤波的GPS+PDR组合定位方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对接收信号质量恶化的环境,提出了一种适用于信号遮蔽环境的改进GPS+PDR组合定位算法。该方法用短时间内的陀螺仪积分数据校正数字罗盘的航向偏差,在一定程度上消除了数字罗盘受到的偶发干扰。采用约束残差的无迹卡尔曼滤波（UKF）算法对GPS和行人航迹推算（PDR）定位信息进行融合处理,有效克服了PDR定位中累积航向误差产生的位置漂移问题,提高了算法的定位精度和稳定性。试验结果表明,改进算法能有效抑制数字罗盘的漂移误差,航向相对误差平均降低56%;行人步行时,GPS定位标准误差为2.67 m,单纯PDR定位标准误差为6.83 m;随机给予若干点GPS数据辅助定位,标准误差降至3.12 m;全程融合GPS与PDR定位,标准误差可降至1.94 m。 相似文献
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给出了利用EKF(extended Kalman)滤波和UKF(unscented Kalman)滤波提高神经网络泛化能力的方法.针对UKF参数选取随意性的问题,采用移动开窗估计法对状态噪声和观测噪声协方差矩阵进行自适应估计,提出了一种新的提高神经网络泛化能力的自适应UKF算法.利用检测样本进行了验证,结果表明,利用EKF、UKF和自适应UKF算法训练神经网络都能提高其泛化能力,其中自适应UKF算法优于其他几种算法. 相似文献
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扩展Kalman滤波(EKF)常常被用于单频GPS精密单点定位。Kalman滤波的前提假设之一是观测噪声为白噪声,即时间不相关,这在实践中往往不能满足。因为单频GPS观测值中包含有很难被完全消除的电离层、对流层等大气折射误差,以及多路径影响误差。这些误差在时间上是相关的,严重地影响了滤波解的精度和收敛时间。这里提出一种顾及时间相关噪声的Kalman滤波,在移动窗口内,利用核估计预测时间相关噪声的系统部分,进而实时修正当前历元的观测值和观测向量的协方差矩阵。该方法还有一个明显的优点就是,在滤波过程中不需要对时间相关误差做任何假设。最后通过一个实测算例验证了该算法的适用性。 相似文献
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扩展Kalman滤波(EKF)常常被用于单频GPS精密单点定位.Kalman滤波的前提假设之一是观测噪声为白噪声,即时间不相关,这在实践中往往不能满足.因为单频GPS观测值中包含有很难被完全消除的电离层、对流层等大气折射误差,以及多路径影响误差.这些误差在时间上是相关的,严重地影响了滤波解的精度和收敛时间.这里提出一种顾及时间相关噪声的Kalman滤波,在移动窗口内,利用核估计预测时间相关噪声的系统部分,进而实时修正当前历元的观测值和观测向量的协方差矩阵.该方法还有一个明显的优点就是,在滤波过程中不需要对时间相关误差做任何假设.最后通过一个实测算例验证了该算法的适用性. 相似文献
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扩展Kalman(EKF)滤波算法可有效地进行多卫星系统数据融合处理,但该方法对观测数据的质量要求较高,当观测出现异常时,传统的扩展Kalman方法容易导致滤波失真。为此,利用实测数据,通过虚拟掩模遮挡卫星模拟复杂的GNSS观测环境,研究了基于IGGIII的抗差EKF算法,确定了分位参数的合理经验值,并对其在GPS/GLONASS/BDS组合精密动态定位中的应用进行了分析。结果表明,在遮挡严重的复杂观测环境中,抗差EKF算法可有效地提高组合定位系统的模糊度的固定成功率和定位精度。 相似文献
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精确且稳定的自主定位是移动机器人在室内环境下实现自主导航的前提,针对室内定位中视觉即时定位与地图构建(SLAM)存在的累计误差以及环境因素导致超宽带(UWB)定位精度下降的问题,提出一种基于SLAM/UWB的室内融合定位算法. 首先该算法以扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)为基础,将UWB的全局定位坐标和视觉SLAM位移增量进行融合,但考虑到测量噪声易受复杂环境影响,引入阈值检测和自适应测量噪声估计器,以抑制异常值和时变测量噪声对滤波器性能的影响,最后使用智能移动小车在不同的室内场地下进行实验. 实验表明:该算法优于单一的UWB或者视觉SLAM定位方式,并且在复杂室内环境下比传统EKF算法拥有更稳定的定位效果. 相似文献
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GPS/INS组合导航非线性系统最优估计算法中,基于统计信息和假设检验理论的多渐消因子自适应滤波算法的应用前提条件是残差向量为高斯白噪声。本文针对观测异常会影响残差向量的数字特性分布,提出了一种神经网络辅助的多重渐消因子自适应SVD-UKF算法。该算法采用神经网络算法削弱观测异常对残差序列高斯白噪声分布特性的影响,利用奇异值分解抑制UKF中先验协方差矩阵负定性变化,同时构造多重渐消因子对预测状态协方差阵进行调整,使得不同的滤波通道具有不同的调节能力,高效地应用于多变量复杂系统。最后利用车载实测数据进行了验证。结果表明,神经网络算法极大削弱了观测粗差对残差序列高斯白噪声分布特性的影响,拓展了多重渐消因子的应用范围,使其能在观测值含有粗差的条件下自适应调节不同滤波通道,消除滤波状态中的异常,提高组合导航解的精度和可靠性。 相似文献
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采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的
污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体
污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。 相似文献
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Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
C. Bhuiyan R.P. Singh F.N. Kogan 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2006,8(4):289-302
The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw. 相似文献
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Piyoosh Rautela Ramesh Chandra Lakhera 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2000,2(3-4)
The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies. 相似文献
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ZHAN F. Benjamin 《地球空间信息科学学报》2011,(1)
Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200... 相似文献
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GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议. 相似文献
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“4D”技术及其应用 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(1):66-87
Abstract Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised. 相似文献
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Toward seamless indoor-outdoor applications: Developing stakeholder-oriented location-based services
Kohei OGAWA Edward VERBREE Sisi ZLATANOVA Naohiko KOHTAKE Yoshiaki OHKAMI 《地球空间信息科学学报》2011,14(2):109-118
Location-Based Services (LBS),an emerging new business based on smartphone and mobile networks,are becoming more and more popular.Most of these LBSs,however,only offer non-seamless indoor/outdoor applications and simple applications without giving stakeholders the chance to play an active role.Our specific aim is to solve these issues.This paper presents concepts to solve these issues by expanding the Open Location Services Interface Standard (OpenLS) to allow seamless indoor/outdoor positioning and to extend the content of the services to include information recommended by stakeholders. 相似文献
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地理数据库的关系模型及其实现 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文从以图论观点分析地理实体入手,系统阐述了地理数据库关系模型的设计法和过程。作者于1984年4～9月间在微型机上设计建立了关系型地理数据库的实方验系统(RGDB)。该系统采用了本文提出的关系模型,采用了可动态扩库的子库组合结构,这种结构具有灵活性和提高空间利用率的优点。RGDB含有多种功能的数据操作命令,除了具有一般检索功能外,还能进行“开窗”选取和十分“自由”的映象选取。本文对RGDB系统的主要性能和实现途径作了扼要介绍。 相似文献