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西沙群岛及其附近海域的多毛类Ⅰ 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
西沙群岛是我们伟大祖国南海诸岛的一部分,位于广东省海南岛的东南面,自古以来就是我国渔民的渔捞基地.为了进一步查清西沙群岛及其附近海域的生物资源,1956年-1976年中国科学院海洋研究所和中国科学院南海海洋研究所等单位曾进行过多次调查,本文是根据1975-1976年在西沙群岛潮问带及潮下带采集的标本,以及1959年在西沙群岛西北水域,水深200米以内采到的标本进行研究,鉴定了68种多毛类,均系西沙群岛第一次发现,其中有47种在我国是新记录,报告如下. 相似文献
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西沙群岛及其附近海域多毛类动物地理学的研究 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
西沙群岛及其附近海域蕴藏着极其丰富的水产资源,是我国的良好渔场之一,自古以来就是我国渔民的渔捞基地.解放以来,在党的领导下,对我国神圣领土西沙群岛进行了大规模的开发和建设.中国科学院海洋研究所和中国科学院南海海洋研究所等单位,进行了多次海洋生物资源调查,我们曾报告过113种浮游和底栖多毛类.根据1975-1976年补充调查的标本,又发现了过去未报告过的多毛类70种,截至目前西沙群岛及其附近海域的多毛类共有183种.本文根据现在掌握的资料对我国西沙群岛及其附近海域多毛类动物地理学做一初步分析. 相似文献
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西沙群岛星虫类研究Ⅰ 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
李凤鲁 《山东海洋学院学报》1982,12(2):57-71
星虫类广泛分布于三大洋中，主要产于热带和亚热带浅海和近岸水域。有许多种类栖息于珊瑚礁间。关于我国西沙群岛星虫类的研究，迄今尚未见报道。1980年作者在西沙群岛的永兴岛、石岛、浪花礁、赵述岛、东岛等地采得不少此类标本，作为第一部分报告。 相似文献
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李凤鲁 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1982,(2)
星虫类广泛分布于三大洋中,主要产于热带和亚热带浅海和近岸水域。有许多种类栖息于珊瑚礁间。关于我国西沙群岛星虫类的研究,迄今尚未见报道。1980年作者在西沙群岛的永兴岛、石岛、浪花礁、赵述岛、东岛等地采得不少此类标本,作为第一部分报告。这里共提到6属9种,其中3种在我国是首次记录。 相似文献
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我国西沙群岛海产蓝藻类的种类极为丰富。但迄今为止除黎尚豪报导过西沙群岛永兴岛的陆生习性的27种蓝藻外,尚未见过任何报告。本文为西沙群岛海产蓝藻类研究的第一部分。根据的材料是中国科学院海洋研究所1975年和1976年在西沙群岛采集的,计127号。本文仅报道11种,隶于颤藻科(Oscillatoriaceae)的6属,其中4种在我国为海产蓝藻的新记录。 相似文献
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南沙群岛与西沙群岛及其邻近海域海洋底栖生物种类对比 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
南沙群岛和西沙群岛是我国南海最大的两个群岛。解放后，我国海洋生物工作者对两个群岛进行了多次考察，记录描述了大量海洋生物种类(包括新的分类单元)。近年来以中国科学院为主的我国海洋科学工作者对南沙群岛进行了重点考察，获得了很多重要资料和生物样品，但很多分类学专家却认为对南沙群岛的样品采集和分类学研究还很肤浅，远未达到对西沙群岛的采集和研究深度，这是因为南沙群岛已发现的种类在某些类群上少于西沙群岛，因此被认为南沙群岛的物种多样性程度不如西沙群岛。作者为了解目前两群岛海洋生物的物种研究状况，根据现有资料，对两群岛已描述的底栖生物种类作了比较，为今后加强对南海珊瑚礁的保护提供科学依据。 相似文献
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西沙群岛位于东经110°10′—112°54′,北纬15°41′—17°08′.它的主体基本上由两个小的群岛组成,东面为宣德群岛,西面为永乐群岛.石岛位于宣德群岛永兴岛的东北角,与永兴岛同处一个礁盘,两岛相距约1000米,落潮时可涉水而过.石岛是西沙群岛中最高的岛屿,现在已高出海面12—15米,出露面积约为100平方米左右.我们通过对不同部位岩层中有孔虫化石的研究,发现有孔虫组合特殊,反映为水较深、气候偏冷、海水盐度不太正常的环境,这对恢复当时的古地理环境,特别是对论证西沙群岛的新构造运动提供了新的依据. 相似文献
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关于西沙群岛海域的头足类，过去仅报道过鹦鹉螺Nautilus pompilius Linnaeus和白斑乌贼Sepia hercules Pilsbry 两种。
1975年，中国科学院海洋研究所又在西沙群岛海域采到了一些头足类标本。经鉴定共2科2属6种，其中花斑蛸在南海中国近海为首次记录；枪柔鱼和小管蛸据Sasaki(1929)报道产于我国台湾海域，我们采到标本还是首次。 相似文献
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中国西沙羣島魚类区系的初步研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
西沙群岛是我国南海诸岛中较大的一个岛群,位于海南岛东南,由一大群珊瑚岛礁所构成,按其散布形势,可分为东西两群,东群包括7个小岛,以永兴岛面积最大;西群有8个小岛,其中以甘泉岛为主要。中国科学院海洋研究所和动物研究所等单位,曾于1956—1958年间先后组织了生物考察队到西沙群岛的永兴岛、石岛、北岛等岛屿进行采集调查。本文即依据考察队所采到的鱼类标本加以整理鉴定写成的,初步分析结果计有119种,分隶于70属、41科,其中28 相似文献
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我国南海诸岛的中沙群岛位于西沙群岛的东南侧，由许多隐伏于海面以下的大小珊瑚礁组成。中沙群岛的有孔虫，过去尚无报道。
本文是根据1975年采自中沙群岛的三份珊瑚砂样品进行研究的，尽管现有样品数量不多，但其所含有孔虫种类却相当丰富。经鉴定，共212种(包括亚种)，分隶于43科122属。其中有1个新属、23个新种。在这212种中，除14种属于浮游种类外，其余198种均属底栖种类。在198种底栖有孔虫中，砂质胶结型种类约占14.6%(29种)，钙质无孔型种类约占28.3%(56种)，钙质有孔型种类约占57.1%(113种)。从种类组成看，中沙群岛的有孔虫区系与西沙群岛的大体相似。不过，中沙群岛有52种底栖有孔虫尚未在西沙群岛发现，且其中的一种大型有孔虫剌浆果拟白垩虫Baculogypsinoides spinosa Yabe and Hanzawa大量出现，由此看来,中沙群岛的有孔虫区系与西沙群岛的还是有一定差别的。
本文仅对作者等在“西沙群岛的现代有孔虫Ⅰ”和“西沙群岛的现代有孔虫Ⅱ”两文中尚未报道过的52种底栖有孔虫加以描述和图示,而对在上述两文中已报道过的种类不再重述。
所有新种的模式标本均保存于中国科学院海洋研究所。 相似文献
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Soil-sized particulates have been collected on board ship by a mesh technique from the lower troposphere of the North, Equatorial and South Atlantic Ocean, northern and southern Indian Ocean, South and East China Sea and various coastal localities.Spectrographic analysis reveals that, on average, the particulates have concentrations of Mn, Ni, Co, Ga, Cr, V, Ba, and Sr which are of the same order of magnitude as those in average crustal material. In contrast, the average concentrations of Pb, Sn, and Zn are one order of magnitude higher than those in average crustal material.Within this “world-wide” average there are significant geographical variations in the distributions of Pb, Sn, and Zn which may be related to anthropogenic sources.On the basis of trace-element distributions lower tropospheric soil-sized marine particulates have been divided into four genetic components; local, zonal, inter-zonal, and global. The proportions of these components vary geographically, and each component may have both a natural and an anthropogenic fraction. 相似文献
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Tautog, Tautoga onitis, is an abundant species of fish in estuaries of the northeastern United States. Planktonic tautog larvae are abundant in summer in these estuaries, but there is little information on rates of growth of tautog larvae feeding on natural assemblages of food in the plankton. We examined abundance and growth of larval tautog and environmental factors during weekly sampling at three sites along a nearshore‐to‐offshore transect in Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts, USA during summer 1994. This is the first study of a robust sample size (336 larvae) to estimate growth rates of field‐caught planktonic tautog larvae feeding on natural diets, using the otolith daily‐growth‐increment method. The study was over the entire summer period when tautog larvae were in the plankton. The sampling sites contrasted in several environmental variables including temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), and chlorophyll a concentration. There was a temporal progression in the abundance of tautog larvae over the summer, in relation to location and temperature. Tautog larvae were first present nearshore, with a pronounced peak in abundance occurring at the nearshore sites during the last 2 weeks in June. Larvae were absent at this time further offshore. From late June through August, larval abundance progressively decreased nearshore, but increased offshore although never approaching the abundance levels observed at the nearshore sites. The distribution and abundance of tautog larvae appeared to be related to a nearshore‐to‐offshore seasonal warming trend and a nearshore decrease in DO. Otoliths from 336 larvae ranging from 2.3 to 7.7 mm standard length had otolith increment counts ranging from 0 to 19 increments. Growth of larval tautog was estimated at 0.23 mm·day?1, and length of larvae prior to first increment formation was estimated at 2.8 mm indicating that first increment formation occurs 3–4 days after hatching at 2.2 mm. Despite spatial and temporal differences in environmental factors, there were no significant differences in growth rates at any of three given sites over time, or between sites. Because larval presence only occurred at a narrow range of temperature (17–23.5 °C) and DO (6.5–9.3 mg·l?1), in situ differences in growth did not appear to be because of differences in larval distribution and abundance patterns relative to these parameters. 相似文献
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Lars-Göran Danielsson 《Marine Chemistry》1980,8(3):199-215
Results of trace-metal analyses of water samples obtained during a cruise with the Soviet R.V. “Akademik Kurchatov” in the Indian Ocean are presented. The determinations were performed on board with atomic absorption spectrophotometry after a two-stage dithiocarbamate—Freon extraction procedure. Trace-metal concentrations found are in the same range as those found recently for similar open-ocean areas by other workers. The values for lead and zinc are probably high due to contamination. Vertical profiles indicate biogenic processes as controlling factors for the increase of cadmium, copper and nickel concentrations with depth. Iron shows an irregular depth distribution as a result of large random variations in concentration. 相似文献
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Klaus Kremling 《Marine Chemistry》1983,13(2):87-108
In June 1981, dissolved Zn, Cd, Cu, Ni, Co, Fe, and Mn were determined from two detailed profiles in anoxic Baltic waters (with extra data for Fe and Mn from August 1979). Dramatic changes across the O2H2S interface occur in the abundances of Cu, Co, Fe, and Mn (by factors of ?100). The concentrations of Zn, Cd, and Ni at the redox front decrease by factors between 3 to 5.Equilibrium calculations are presented for varying concentrations of hydrogen sulfide and compared with the field data. The study strongly supports the assumption that the solubility of Zn, Cd, Cu, and Ni is greatly enhanced and controlled by the formation of bisulfide and(or) polysulfide complexes. Differences between predicted and measured concentrations of these elements are mainly evident at lower ΣH2S concentrations.Cobalt proved to be very mobile in anoxic regions, and the results indicate that the concentrations are limited by CoS precipitation. The iron (Fe2+) and manganese (Mn2+) distribution in sulfide-containing waters is controlled by total flux from sediment-water interfaces rather than by equilibrium concentrations of their solid phases (FeS and MnCO3). The concentrations of these metals are therefore expected to increase with prolonged stagnation periods in the basin. 相似文献
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P.N. Froelich L.W. Kaul J.T. Byrd M.O. Andreae K.K. Roe 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1985,20(3):239-264
Concentrations of dissolved nutrients (NO3, PO4, Si), germanium species, arsenic species, tin, barium, dimethylsulfide and related parameters were measured along the salinity gradient in Charlotte Harbor. Phosphate enrichment from the phosphate industry on the Peace River promotes a productive diatom bloom near the river mouth where NO3 and Si are completely consumed. Inorganic germanium is completely depleted in this bloom by uptake into biogenic opal. The ratio taken up by diatoms is about 0·7 × 10?6, the same as that provided by the river flux, confirming that siliceous organisms incorporate germanium as an accidental trace replacement for silica. Monomethylgermanium and dimethylgermanium concentrations are undetectable in the Peace River, and increase linearly with increasing salinity to the seawater end of the bay, suggesting that these organogermanium species behave conservatively in estuaries, and are neither produced nor consumed during estuarine biogenic opal formation or dissolution. Inorganic arsenic displays slight removal in the bloom. Monomethylarsenic is produced both in the bloom and in mid-estuary, while dimethylarsenic is conservative in the bloom but produced in mid-estuary. The total production of methylarsenicals within the bay approximately balances the removal of inorganic arsenic, suggesting that most biological arsenic uptake in the estuary is biomethylated and released to the water column. Dimethylsulfide increases with increasing salinity in the estuary and shows evidence of removal, probably both by degassing and by microbial consumption. An input of DMS is observed in the central estuary. The behavior of total dissolvable tin shows no biological activity in the bloom or in mid-estuary, but does display a low-salinity input signal that parallels dissolved organic material, perhaps suggesting an association between tin and DOM. Barium displays dramatic input behavior at mid-salinities, probably due to slow release from clays deposited in the harbor after catastrophic phosphate slime spills into the Peace River. 相似文献