共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
2.
《亚热带资源与环境学报》2017,(2)
将模糊综合评价方法应用于土地供需紧张的福建邵武市建设用地空间拓展评价,根据研究区所处的自然地理环境及城市发展需求,利用专家知识、文献资料法提取研究区建设用地空间拓展障碍因子,并将障碍因子归类分为土地资源适宜性障碍因子、生态安全与生态服务障碍因子和地质灾害风险障碍因子。建立模糊综合评价指标体系及模糊综合评价模型,对研究区进行建设用地空间拓展模糊综合评价,得到研究区建设用地空间拓展适宜性程度空间分布状况,为海西地区的城市发展空间规划和优化配置提供数据参考。 相似文献
3.
基于GIS的南方丘陵生态脆弱区土地利用适宜性研究——以衡阳盆地为例 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
选择了土壤、气候、地形、水文和交通5类11个指标,建立了适用于南方丘陵区的土地适宜性评价指标体系;采用专家打分和层次分析法确定指标权重,并应用GIS技术建立了衡阳盆地的土地适宜性评价模型,对衡阳盆地耕地、林地和建设用地的土地利用适宜性进行了评价.结果表明:耕地适宜性以临界适宜性和一般适宜性为主,耕地不适宜区面积占研究区总面积的49.63%,主要分布在山区;建设用地高度适宜区面积占研究区总面积的5.32%,建设用地不适宜区域分布和数量与耕地不适宜区域分布和数量大致相当;林地适宜性整体较高.通过对比分析评价结果和基于TM数据提取的土地利用现状发现:现有耕地的适宜性以临界适宜和一般适宜类型为主,不适宜区域占耕地总面积的10.56%,主要分布在衡南县东部和西部以及衡阳县南部区域;现有建设用地整体适宜性较高,且分布集中,主要位于衡阳市区.据此提出衡阳盆地土地资源可持续发展对策. 相似文献
4.
土地利用功能分区是国土空间开发保护与利用的重要前提。将最小累积阻力模型引入广西贺州市土地利用功能分区研究中,基于阻力约束视角开展建设用地、生态用地、农业用地扩张阻力评价,通过分析不同用地扩张的适宜性划分土地利用功能区。结果表明：(1)生态用地扩张阻力以各生态保护源为中心向四周扩张,农业用地扩张阻力由贺州市中部向四周递增,建设用地扩张阻力呈中部低、四周高的特点;(2)依据各类用地扩张的适宜性将贺州市划分为生态保护核心区、农业生产核心区、建设开发核心区、生态保护涵养区和生产生态拓展区,其空间分布与贺州市现状用地布局相符且契合相关规划的用途分区及管控要求。与传统适宜性评价相比,基于扩张阻力评价的适宜性分析综合考虑了各用地类型的垂直自然要素和水平扩张作用,为具体的土地利用功能分区提供了更为科学的依据;研究明确了各功能区的分布并提出对应的发展建议,能够为贺州市土地利用结构优化提供依据与指导。 相似文献
5.
基于GRNN模型与邻域计算的低丘缓坡综合开发适宜性评价——以乌蒙山集中连片特殊困难片区为例 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
土地资源是最重要的自然资源,低丘缓坡开发能够为土地资源紧张地区产业发展提供重要的资源保障,而土地开发适宜性评价则是开展低丘缓坡综合开发利用的基础性工作,其核心在于综合评定低丘缓坡未利用地开发的适宜类型及其程度。以乌蒙山集中连片特殊困难片区为例,本研究在明确界定低丘缓坡范围的基础上,构建了低丘缓坡耕地、建设用地开发适宜性评价指标体系并基于GRNN模型划分土地开发适宜性等级;重点关注集中连片土地开发的规模化效益,采用邻域算法对研究区低丘缓坡综合开发适宜性进行评价。研究结果表明,乌蒙山片区低丘缓坡土地开发潜力巨大,耕地、建设用地开发单宜区面积分别为31.37 万hm2和3.84万hm2,其中多宜区面积达1.79 万hm2;而考虑同现有用地类型及土地开发类型的空间邻接关系,基于规模效益原则综合权衡,多宜区中0.84 万hm2更适宜开发为耕地,0.69 万hm2更适宜用于建设用地开发,0.26 万hm2因空间孤立而不作为土地开发区;综合开发适宜性评价确定耕地、建设用地开发区面积分别为27.68 万hm2和2.21 万hm2。研究结果对于乌蒙山片区低丘缓坡综合开发具有重要的实践指导意义。 相似文献
6.
《地理与地理信息科学》2016,(4)
借助生态位理论,利用地形条件、生产条件、生活条件以及生态条件等17个适宜性评价因子构建秦岭局部山区建设用地适宜性评价指标体系,采用广义相加模型(GAM)、人工神经元网络(ANN)、随机森林模型(RF)以及最大熵模型(MaxEnt),分别对商洛市商州区建设用地适宜性进行评价,最后以AUC值(ROC曲线下面积)为权重集成4个模型的模拟结果,定量评价商州区建设用地适宜性。结果表明:商州区最适宜建设用地面积为118.32km2,占研究区总面积的2.47%,说明该区适宜建设用地开发的土地相对较少;低适宜建设用地面积为297.73km2,占研究区总面积的7.26%,可以适度进行开发。生态位模型为秦岭山区建设用地适宜性评价提供了新的方法与途径,也可为当前区域建设用地优化布局提供理论基础。 相似文献
7.
8.
土地复垦适宜性评价是确定矿区受损土地再利用的重要前提,为充分利用矿区土地资源、修复受损土地,本研究以西北干旱荒漠区东部4个排土场为研究对象,以排土场平台和边坡为评价单元,以生态用地为复垦利用方向,从地形、土壤条件、区位条件、灌排设施、环境风险5个方面选取影响排土场再利用的指标,构建基于生态位适宜度的土地复垦适宜性评价指标体系,引入障碍度进行排土场障碍因子诊断。结果表明：（1）研究区各单元生态位适宜度指数在0.339-0.751之间,复垦为生态用地的适宜性等级整体偏低。同一排土场平台的适宜度指数（0.511-0.751）普遍比边坡（0.339-0.628）高。（2）各因子对不同单元的障碍度反应不尽相同。影响边坡的主要障碍因子为坡度、砾石含量和排水条件;影响平台的主要障碍因子为土壤条件、排水条件,土壤条件中主要以砾石含量和土壤容重为限制因素。上述方法能够有效用于矿区土地复垦适宜性评价,研究结果可为西北干旱荒漠区露天煤矿排土场复垦和生态重建提供科学决策依据。 相似文献
9.
海岸带土地利用适宜性评价——以杭州湾南岸为例 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
位于海域—陆域系统交叉和相互作用的海岸带,其土地利用受到自然和人文的多因素共同影响.进行海岸带土地利用适宜性评价对于经济发展迅速的海岸带土地资源的合理配置和开发利用具有重要意义.以2010年杭州湾南岸土地利用数据为基础,利用LandUSEM模型,依据土地利用类型与评价因素不同等级组合的频繁度进行土地利用适宜性评价,计算不同土地利用单因子适宜度及综合适宜度.结果表明:①中等适宜以上占总区域的73.15％,近四分之一位于临界适宜及以下.这说明杭州湾南岸土地利用适宜性较好,各适宜性等级分异情况明显.②杭州湾南岸土地利用适宜性具有较明显的空间分布特点,且余姚、慈溪岸段适宜性情况较镇海岸段好.镇海岸段的中等适宜与非常适宜区面积比例大于余姚和慈溪岸段,临界适宜以上区域面积远小于余姚和慈溪岸段,这与当地的工业结构有关.③各土地利用类型开发程度较适宜,96.45％的城乡建设用地处于临界适宜以上,其中临界适宜占70.91％;89.31％的滩涂用地位于临界适宜以上,且80.72％为非常适宜,可开发潜力大,可将滩涂用地适当适时地转化为农用地或城乡建设用地,以满足区域内经济发展的需求用地. 相似文献
10.
快速城市化背景下的城郊土地利用结构适宜性评价与协调发展——以武汉市汉南区为例 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
快速城市化背景下城区用地急剧向城郊扩张,城郊用地结构性冲突与矛盾突出。以武汉市汉南区为例,应用GIS R/S空间分析技术,定量分析了其土地利用结构现状特征:土地利用结构以农用地为主,突出农业大区地位,建设用地增长迅猛,集中分布于纱帽、邓南、湘口等中心城镇;结合SPSS因子分析,建立用地结构适宜性评价模型,开展城郊土地利用结构的适宜性评价:汉南区土地利用方式基本适宜,在中度适宜及其以上的比例达到60%,与自然生态、社会经济、城镇发展保持较好协调程度。但仍存在突出的用地结构性问题:农用地斑块比较零碎,规模化与集约化程度低,大规模围垦对湖泊、坑塘、河流、湿地产生较大胁迫;居住与工矿用地相对分散,侵占农田现象较严重,据此提出了汉南区土地利用调整方案和协调保护措施。 相似文献
11.
典型红壤丘陵区土地利用空间优化配置 总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21
选择具有红壤丘陵区典型特征的江西省泰和县千烟洲为研究区域,在分析当前土地利用结构并进行土地适宜性评价的基础上,依据2000年千烟洲试验站研究数据及农户调查资料,将GIS技术与线性规划模型有效地耦合起来,探讨实现典型红壤丘陵区各种具有特定数量、质量的农用土地资源在空间上最优配置的方法与技术。结果表明,优化方案从现状中牧业短缺的粮、果、林结构转化为较为完善的粮、果、牧、林结构,耕地资源利用结构也由重水轻旱、粮作为主、经作为辅的传统生产模式,转变为粮-经-饲并举的三元优化配置结构;同时,由果业和畜牧业共同支撑的优化方案的经济效益明显优于现状,在经济上更具稳定性和可持续性。 相似文献
12.
我国土地评价研究的近今进展 总被引：24，自引：0，他引：24
近年我国的土地评价研究已从大范围向中、小范围深入,从大农业综合评价转向农、林、牧单项评价甚至单作物评价,旅游用地评价和城市土地经济评价等非农业用地评价也得以展开。评价理论全面深化,计量方法及遥感和地理信息系统等新技术手段得到日益广泛应用。这些表明,我国的土地评价研究已进入一个新阶段。今后,应进一步拓宽研究领域,努力实现方法的规范化,大力加强基础研究,进一步革新研究手段,建立土地评价数据库。 相似文献
13.
中国土地利用变化及其影响的空间建模分析 总被引：53，自引：10，他引：53
通过 GIS建模 ,本文分析了我国土地利用的变化与其影响因子之间的相互作用关系 ,并着重对耕地的变化及其空间分布进行了模拟。研究发现 ,土地利用的变化主要是自然与经济因素综合作用的结果 ,并且区分不同的规模尺度与不同的区域类型 ,将对提高土地利用空间变化模型的精度有着重要的影响。 相似文献
14.
Jiangyin was the earliest to conduct Non-development zone planning and has attracted the attention of people all over China because it is regarded as the Chinese version of Smart Growth. The planning process is as follows. Based on SPOT and TM satellite remote sensing images develop a regional land use map with high precision using artificial interpretation methods. Then, according to the relationship between anti-development suitability and disasters, agriculture, ecology, built-up area distribution and other geographical factors, generate a comprehensive evaluation chart of anti-development suitability using GIS analysis, such as buffer analysis and overlay analysis. Later, with a regional land use map and anti-development suitability evaluation chart, using the principle of ecological security network and learning from the management experience of nature reserves, draw the scope of Non-development zone and core area. Last, put forward a series of protective measures for the above Non-development zone, that is only allowed to develop agriculture and tourism, strictly restricted industrial projects and urban real estate activities, and all existing industrial factories must be moved to planned industrial parks. This is good practice whereby local governments keep land resources for future generations and more advanced than an urban expansion strategy. This method is very useful for promoting land use layout optimization in Southern Jiangsu Developed Areas. 相似文献
15.
中国精准扶贫土地整治的典型模式 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
土地整治是助推精准扶贫,实现脱贫解困的重要途径。根据土地整治作用于农村减贫发展的实现路径,将全国土地整治助推精准扶贫的典型模式概括为四种：① 单项土地整理模式。通过开发低效未利用地,建设高标准农田,改善农业生产条件,促进农业规模化经营。② 三生空间优化模式。将农村宅基地复垦与易地扶贫搬迁相结合,改善人居环境,恢复脆弱生态,优化乡村三生空间。③ 土地资产显化模式。实施补充耕地指标有偿异地调剂,积累扶贫开发资金,促进城乡要素双向流动,统筹城乡发展。④ 土地资本流动模式。将土地整治与土地流转及作价入股相结合,整合贫困地区劳动力、资本等要素资源,推动农业现代化和乡村振兴。 相似文献
16.
17.
Based on GIS and statistical methods, with the help of searching historical literatures andcalculating the landscape indices, the land use changes of Qian'an County in both spatial and temporalaspects from 1945 to 1996 has been analyzed in this paper. And the driving forces of land use changesand their ecological effects are discussed too. The main findings of this study are as follows:(1)Landuse changed greatly in Qian'an during 1945-1996, characterized by a decrease in grassland, wetlandand water bodies,and an increase in cultivated land, saline-alkali land, and the land for housing andother construction purposes. Grassland decreased by 175,828.66 ha, and cultivated land increased by 相似文献
18.
Myanmar is a country with an economy based on agriculture. It has rich agricultural resources and great potential for development. The development of agriculture in Myanmar is becoming increasingly important to international food security. Assessments of agricultural land resources in Myanmar are the basis for the country’s agricultural development and for food security evaluations. In this paper we used the MaxEnt model to analyze the relationship between the suitability of land for agricultural reclamation and the main environmental variables in Myanmar, and then constructed a model to comprehensively evaluate the suitability of land for agriculture in Myanmar. The results show that: 1) the overall accuracy of the MaxEnt model is high (AUC>0.8), which means there is a high correlation between the database of selected environmental indicators and the true distribution of cultivated land in Myanmar. 2) Soil depth is the most important factor affecting the suitability of land for agriculture in Myanmar. When the thickness of soil layer is less than 100 cm, the suitability of land for agriculture is low. With respect to topographic conditions, slope is the main factor affecting suitability. When the slope is greater than 20 degrees, the suitability of land for agriculture is low. With respect to climate conditions, precipitation is the main influencing factor. There is a positive correlation between river network density and land suitability. 3) Currently, 400 000 km² of the land resources in Myanmar are suitable for agriculture, and of this amount 290 000 km² are highly suitable, accounting for nearly 40% of the country's land area. The highly suitable land is distributed mainly in Magway, Sagaing, Ayeyarwady and Yangon provinces. The provinces are also important grain production areas in Myanmar, and this serves to validate the effectiveness of the method used in this paper. 相似文献
19.
The excessive expansion of urbanized areas has resulted in haphazard land utilization, immoderate consumption of superior agricultural land and water resources, significant fragmentation of agricultural landscape, and gradual deterioration of the agro-ecological environment. Combined, these factors cause poor land use efficiency. Under these circumstances, comprehensively assessing land use efficiency for urban agriculture is a key issue in land use research. Currently, evaluation methods for agricultural land use efficiency narrowly concentrate on aspects of economic input and output. However, urban agro-ecosystems can provide diverse economic, social, and ecological services and functions. In particular, the social and ecological services and functions originating from agricultural land, which have a higher value than economic services, play a significant role in ensuring regional social, ecological, and environmental security. However, recent research has rarely taken these benefits into consideration. Therefore, land use value has been greatly underestimated, which has resulted in mishandled and poor land use policies. In this study, we apply Landsat imagery and social and economic statistical data for the Xi’an metropolitan zone (XMZ) to investigate agricultural multi-functionality. We develop an evaluation framework for urban agricultural land use efficiency and identify agro-ecosystem services and functions as important outputs from agricultural land. The land use efficiency of urban agriculture is then evaluated using ecosystem services models, providing a mechanism for assessing spatial-temporal changes in land use efficiency in the XMZ from 1999 to 2015. Four important conclusions are reached from this analysis. First, the rapid urbanization and agricultural transformation from traditional cereal cultivation to modern urban agriculture has resulted in steadily increasing costs, outputs, and land use efficiency of urban agriculture. The total output value increased 41% and land use efficiency per hectare increased by 33.13% on average. Second, the spatial patterns of comprehensive output and land use efficiency were dominated by economic outputs from agricultural land. Areas near cities, which are dominated by orchard and arable land, provide more economic functions. These areas support and regulate services due to the transformation from extensive cereal production to intensive modern urban agriculture; therefore, they have higher output value and land use efficiency. In contrast, areas distant from cities, towns, and high traffic roads, namely, remote rural areas, provide more support and regulating services, but have relatively lower economic function due to inaccessibility to urban markets and slow agricultural transformation. Therefore, these areas have lower output value and land use efficiency. The spatial change in agricultural output and land use efficiency in urban areas is strongly dependent on the degree of urbanization and agricultural transformation. Third, the total output value and land use efficiency of urban agriculture measured with our approach are much higher than evaluations using traditional methods. However, the spatial patterns measured using the two approaches are in agreement. The evaluation framework integrates ecological services and economic and social functions into a comprehensive output from agricultural land. This approach is more methodical and accurate for evaluating the comprehensive efficiency of land use based on quantities and spatial scale because they are at the pixel scale. Finally, the evaluation results have important implications for enhancing current agricultural subsidies and even implementing ecological payment policies in China. Most importantly, they can be directly applied to agricultural transformation regulations, decision- making, and guidance for rational land utilization. 相似文献